Niobium nitride

Niobium nitride
Names
	IUPAC name Niobium nitride
Identifiers
CAS Number	24621-21-4 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.042.132
PubChem CID	90560;
Properties
Chemical formula	NbN
Molar mass	106.91 g/mol
Appearance	gray solid
Density	8.470 g/cm3
Melting point	2,573 °C (4,663 °F; 2,846 K)
Solubility in water	reacts to form ammonia
Structure
Crystal structure	cubic, cF8
Space group	Fm3m, No. 225
Hazards
Safety data sheet	External MSDS
Flash point	Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other cations	Vanadium nitride; Tantalum nitride
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify (what is ?)
	Infobox references

Niobium nitride is a compound of niobium and nitrogen (nitride) with the chemical formula NbN. At low temperatures (about 16 K) NbN becomes a superconductor, and is used in detectors for infrared light.[1][2][3]

Uses

Niobium nitride's main use is as a superconductor.
- Detectors based on it can detect a single photon in the 1-10 micrometer section of the infrared spectrum,[4] which is important for astronomy and telecommunications. It can detect changes up to 25 gigahertz.
- Superconducting NbN nanowires can be used in particle detectors with high magnetic fields.[5]
Niobium nitride is also used in absorbing anti-reflective coatings.
In 2015, it was reported that Panasonic Corp. has developed a photocatalyst based on niobium nitride that can absorb 57% of sunlight to support the decomposition of water to produce hydrogen gas as fuel for electrochemical fuel cells.[6]

References

Y. M. Shy, L. E. Toth and R. Somasundaram (1973). "Superconducting properties, electrical resistivities, and structure of NbN thin films". Journal of Applied Physics. 44 (12): 5539–5545. Bibcode:1973JAP....44.5539S. doi:10.1063/1.1662193.
J. W. Kooi; J. J. A. Baselmans; M. Hajenius; J. R. Gao; T. M. Klapwijk; P. Dieleman; A. Baryshev; G. de Lange (2007). "IF impedance and mixer gain of NbN hot electron bolometers" (PDF). Journal of Applied Physics. 101 (4): 044511. Bibcode:2007JAP...101d4511K. doi:10.1063/1.2400086.
S. P. Chockalingam; Madhavi Chand; John Jesudasan; Vikram Tripathi; Pratap Raychaudhuri (2009). "Superconducting properties and Hall effect in epitaxial NbN thin films". Physical Review B. 77 (21): 214503. arXiv:0804.2945. Bibcode:2008PhRvB..77u4503C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.77.214503.
M Hajenius, J J A Baselmans, J R Gao, T M Klapwijk, P A J de Korte, B Voronov and G Gol'tsman (2004). "Low noise NbN superconducting hot electron bolometer mixers at 1.9 and 2.5 THz". Superconductor Science and Technology. 17 (5): S224–S228. Bibcode:2004SuScT..17S.224H. doi:10.1088/0953-2048/17/5/026.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
"When superconductivity material science meets nuclear physics". phys.org. Retrieved 9 June 2020.
Yamamura, Tetsushi (August 2, 2015). "Panasonic moves closer to home energy self-sufficiency with fuel cells". Asahi Shimbun. Archived from the original on August 7, 2015. Retrieved 2015-08-02.

Salts and covalent derivatives of the nitride ion

NH₃
N₂H₄

He(N₂)₁₁

Li₃N

Be₃N₂

BN

β-C₃N₄
g-C₃N₄
C_xN_y

N₂

N_xO_y

NF₃

Ne

Na₃N

Mg₃N₂

AlN

Si₃N₄

PN
P₃N₅

S_xN_y
SN
S₄N₄

NCl₃

Ar

K₃N

Ca₃N₂

ScN

TiN

VN

CrN
Cr₂N

Mn_xN_y

Fe_xN_y

CoN

Ni₃N

CuN

Zn₃N₂

GaN

Ge₃N₄

As

Se

NBr₃

Kr

Rb₃N

Sr₃N₂

YN

ZrN

NbN

β-Mo₂N

Tc

Ru

Rh

PdN

Ag₃N

CdN

InN

Sn

Sb

Te

NI₃

Xe

Cs₃N

Ba₃N₂

Hf₃N₄

TaN

WN

Re

Os

Ir

Pt

Au

Hg₃N₂

TlN

Pb

BiN

Po

At

Rn

Fr₃N

Ra₃N₂

Rf

Db

Sg

Bh

Hs

Mt

Ds

Rg

Cn

Nh

Fl

Mc

Lv

Ts

Og

↓

La

CeN

Pr

Nd

Pm

Sm

Eu

GdN

Tb

Dy

Ho

Er

Tm

Yb

Lu

Ac

Th

Pa

UN

Np

Pu

Am

Cm

Bk

Cf

Es

Fm

Md

No

Lr

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[1] Y. M. Shy, L. E. Toth and R. Somasundaram (1973). "Superconducting properties, electrical resistivities, and structure of NbN thin films". Journal of Applied Physics. 44 (12): 5539–5545. Bibcode:1973JAP....44.5539S. doi:10.1063/1.1662193.

[2] J. W. Kooi; J. J. A. Baselmans; M. Hajenius; J. R. Gao; T. M. Klapwijk; P. Dieleman; A. Baryshev; G. de Lange (2007). "IF impedance and mixer gain of NbN hot electron bolometers" (PDF). Journal of Applied Physics. 101 (4): 044511. Bibcode:2007JAP...101d4511K. doi:10.1063/1.2400086.

[3] S. P. Chockalingam; Madhavi Chand; John Jesudasan; Vikram Tripathi; Pratap Raychaudhuri (2009). "Superconducting properties and Hall effect in epitaxial NbN thin films". Physical Review B. 77 (21): 214503. arXiv:0804.2945. Bibcode:2008PhRvB..77u4503C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.77.214503.

[4] M Hajenius, J J A Baselmans, J R Gao, T M Klapwijk, P A J de Korte, B Voronov and G Gol'tsman (2004). "Low noise NbN superconducting hot electron bolometer mixers at 1.9 and 2.5 THz". Superconductor Science and Technology. 17 (5): S224–S228. Bibcode:2004SuScT..17S.224H. doi:10.1088/0953-2048/17/5/026.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[5] "When superconductivity material science meets nuclear physics". phys.org. Retrieved 9 June 2020.

[asahi-6] Yamamura, Tetsushi (August 2, 2015). "Panasonic moves closer to home energy self-sufficiency with fuel cells". Asahi Shimbun. Archived from the original on August 7, 2015. Retrieved 2015-08-02.