Molybdenum(III) chloride
Molybdenum(III) chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula MoCl3.
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC names
Molybdenum(III) chloride Molybdenum trichloride | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
|
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.033.418 |
| EC Number |
|
PubChem CID |
|
| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
|
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| MoCl3 | |
| Molar mass | 202.30 g/mol |
| Appearance | dark red solid paramagnetic |
| Density | 3.58 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 410 °C (770 °F; 683 K) (decomposes) |
| insoluble | |
| Solubility | insoluble in ethanol, diethyl ether |
| +43.0·10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Hazards | |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Molybdenum(III) fluoride Molybdenum(III) bromide Molybdenum(III) iodide |
Other cations |
Chromium(IV) chloride Tungsten(V) chloride |
Related molybdenum chlorides |
Molybdenum(II) chloride Molybdenum(IV) chloride Molybdenum(V) chloride |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
  | |
| Infobox references | |
Synthesis and Structure
The chemical formula of molybdenum trichloride is MoCl3. Molybdenum trichloride is synthesized by the reduction of molybdenum pentachloride with hydrogen. The greatest yield is instead produced by the reduction of pure molybdenum (V) chloride, using anhydrous tin(II) chloride as a reducing agent. This procedure must be performed under a moisture-free and oxygen-free atmosphere of prepurified nitrogen. There are two structures of molybdenum trichloride- alpha (α) and beta (β). The alpha structure is similar to that of aluminum chloride (AlCl3). In this structure, molybdenum has octahedral coordination geometry and exhibits cubic close packing in its crystalline structure. The beta structure, however, exhibits hexagonal close packing.
THF Complex
The THF complex of molybdenum trichloride is trichlorotris(tetrahydrofuran) molybdenum (III), and its chemical formula is C12H24O3Cl3Mo. It is synthesized by stirring MoCl4(THF)2, THF, and coarse tin powder. It is a light orange solid that is very moisture-sensitive, so it should be stored under dry argon in a freezer and in the dark. The complex has octahedral geometry. The IR spectrum is free of intense bands in the 900–1000 cm−1, a characteristic of molybdenum oxo species.[1]
References
- Inorganic syntheses. Volume 28, Reagents for transition metal complex and organometallic syntheses. Angelici, Robert J. New York. 2009-09-22. ISBN 978-0470132944. OCLC 86223997.CS1 maint: others (link)
- Couch, D.E.; Brenner, A. "Preparation of Trichloride and Tetrachloride of Molybdenum." Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards- A. Physics and Chemistry 1959, vol 63A.2, 185-88.
- Dilworth, J.R.; Richards, R.L. “The Synthesis of Molybdenum and Tungsten Dinitrogen Complexes” Inorganic Syntheses, 1990, vol. 28, 33-43
- Hillebrecht, H., et al. "Structural and Scanning Microscopy Studies of Layered Complexes MCl3 (M=Mo, Ru, Cr) and MOCl2 (M=V, Nb, Mo, Ru, Os)." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 1997, vol. 246, 70-79.
- Larson, M.L. “Preparation of Some Metal Halides- Anhydrous Molybdenum Halides and Oxide Halides- A Summary” Inorganic Syntheses 1970, vol. 12, 165-178