Molybdenum tetrachloride

Molybdenum tetrachloride is the inorganic compound with the empirical formula MoCl4. The material exists as two polymorphs, a polymeric ("α") and a hexameric ("β") structures, although neither form is soluble in any solvent without degradation. In each polymorph, the Mo center is octahedral with two terminal chloride ligands and four doubly bridging ligands.[1]

Molybdenum tetrachloride
Names
IUPAC name
Molybdenum tetrachloride
Other names
Molybdenum(IV) chloride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.033.039
UNII
Properties
Cl4Mo
Molar mass 237.752 g/mol
Appearance black solid
Melting point 552 °C (1,026 °F; 825 K)
Decomposes
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterHealth code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasReactivity code 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g. calciumSpecial hazards (white): no code
0
3
1
Flash point Non flammable
Related compounds
Related compounds
Molybdenum(II) chloride
Molybdenum(III) chloride
Molybdenum(V) chloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

It can be prepared from by dechlorination of molybdenum pentachloride using tetrachloroethene:[2]

2 MoCl5 + C2Cl4 → 2 MoCl4 + C2Cl6

The acetonitrile adduct, which is a versatile intermediate, can be prepared directly from the pentachloride:[3]

2 MoCl5 + 5 CH3CN → 2 MoCl4(CH3CN)2 + ClCH2CN + HCl

The MeCN ligands can be exchanged with other ligands:

MoCl4(CH3CN)2 + 2 THF → MoCl4(THF)2 + 2 CH3CN

References

  1. Ulrich Müller "Hexameric Molybdenum Tetrachloride" Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 1981, Volume 20, Pages 692 - 693. doi: 10.1002/anie.198106921
  2. E. L. Mccann III, T. M. Brown "Molybpenum(IV) Chloride" Inorganic Syntheses 1970, volume 12, pages 181-186. doi:10.1002/9780470132432.ch31
  3. Jonathan R. Dilworth, Raymond L. Richards "The Synthesis of Molybdenum and Tungsten Dinitrogen Complexes" Inorganic Syntheses 1990, volume 28, pages 33-43. doi: 10.1002/9780470132593


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