List of state leaders in 1875
This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1875.
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Africa
- Anziku Kingdom – Iloo
- Aussa Sultanate – Mahammad ibn Hanfadhe
- Ashanti Confederacy – Mensa Bonsu Kumaa, Asantehene (1874–1883)
- Kingdom of Burundi – Mwezi IV Gisabo (1852–1908)
- Kingdom of Dahomey – Glele (1856–1889)
- Ethiopian Empire – Yohannes IV (1871–1889)
- Kingdom of Jimma - Abba Gomol (1862-1878)
- Kingdom of Kaffa -
- Kingdom of Kongo - Pedro V of Kongo (1859-1891)
- Liberia – Joseph Jenkins Roberts, President of Liberia (1872–1876)
- Opobo - Jaja (1869-1887)[1]
- Sokoto Caliphate
- Caliph – Abu Bakr bin Bello (1873–1877)
- Grand Vizier – Abdullah bin Muhammad Fodiye (c.1874–1886)
- Urambo - Mirambo (1860-1884)
- Sultanate of Zanzibar – Barghash bin Said (1870–1888)
- Zulu – Cetshwayo kaMpande, King of the Zulu (1872–1884)
Asia
- Emirate of Afghanistan – Sher Ali Khan (1868–1879)
- Sultanate of Brunei – Abdul Momin (1852–1885)
- Kingdom of Burma – Mindon Min (1853–1878)
- Kingdom of Cambodia – Norodom (1860–1904)
- Kingdom of Champasak – Kham Suk (1863–1900)
- China (Qing dynasty)
- Tongzhi Emperor (1861–1875)
- Guangxu Emperor (1875–1908)
- Empire of Japan
- Monarch – Emperor Meiji (1867–1912)
- Chancellor of the Realm – Sanjō Sanetomi (1871–1885)
- Ryukyu Domain - Shō Tai, King of Ryukyu (1848–11 March 1879)
- Joseon (Korea) – Gojong (1864–1907, Emperor after 1897)
- Kingdom of Luang Phrabang – Unkham (1868–1895)
- Kingdom of Nepal – Surendra Bikram Shah Deva (1847–1881)
- Sultanate of Oman – Turki bin Said (1871–1888)
- Siam – Chulalongkorn (Rama V), King of Siam (1868–1910)
- Vietnam (Nguyễn dynasty) – Tự Đức, Emperor of Vietnam (1847–1883)
Australia and Oceania
- Tonga – George Tupou I, King of Tonga (1875–1893)
Europe
- Andorra – Patrice de Mac-Mahon, Duke of Magenta (President of France, 1873–1879) and Josep Caixal i Estradé (Bishop of Urgel, 1853–1879), Co-Princes
- Austria-Hungary – Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848–1916)
- Minister-President of Austria - Prince Adolf of Auersperg (1871–1879)
- Minister-President of Hungary
- István Bittó (1874–1875)
- Béla Wenckheim (1875)
- Kálmán Tisza (1875–1890)
- Belgium
- Monarch – Léopold II, King of the Belgians (1865–1909)
- Cabinet Chief – Barthélémy de Theux de Meylandt (1871–1878, 1884)
- Kingdom of Denmark
- Monarch – Christian IX (1863–1906)
- Prime Minister
- Christen Andreas Fonnesbech (1874–1875)
- Jacob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup (1875–1894)
- French Third Republic
- President – Patrice de Mac-Mahon, Duke of Magenta (1873–1879)
- President of the Council
- Ernest Courtot de Cissey (1874–1875)
- Louis Buffet (1875–1876)
- Germany
- Monarch – Wilhelm I, German Emperor (1871–1888)
- Chancellor – Otto von Bismarck (1871–1890)
- see List of German rulers in 1875
- Kingdom of Greece
- Monarch – George I (1863–1913)
- Prime Minister
- Dimitrios Voulgaris (1874–1875)
- Charilaos Trikoupis (1875)
- Alexandros Koumoundouros (1875–1876)
- Holy See – Pope Pius IX (1846–1878)
- Kingdom of Italy
- Monarch – Vittorio Emanuele II (1861–1878)
- Prime Minister - Marco Minghetti (1873–1876)
- Principality of Liechtenstein – Johann II (1858–1929)
- Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
- Monarch – William III of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
- Prime Minister – Félix de Blochausen (1874–1885)
- Principality of Monaco – Charles III (1856–1889)
- Principality of Montenegro – Nicholas (1860–1910/1918/1921)
- Netherlands
- Monarch – William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
- Chairman of the Dutch Council of Ministers – Jan Heemskerk (1874–1877), (1883–1888)
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
- Sultan - Abdülaziz (1861–1876)
- Grand Vizier
- Hussein Avni Pasha (1874–1875)
- Mehmed Esad Pasha (1875)
- Mahmud Nedim Pasha (1875–1876)
- Kingdom of Portugal
- Monarch – Luís I (1861–1889)
- President of the Council of Ministers - António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo (1871–1877)
- United Principalities (Romania) – Carol I (1866–1881/1914)
- Russian Empire – Alexander II (1855–1881)
- Principality of Serbia – Milan II (1868–1882/1889)
- Kingdom of Spain
- Monarch – Restoration of Monarchy
- Alfonso XII (1875–1885)
- Prime Minister
- Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1874–1875, 1875–1879, 1879–1881, 1884–1885, 1890–1892, 1895–1897)
- Joaquín Jovellar y Soler (1875)
- Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1874–1875, 1875–1879, 1879–1881, 1884–1885, 1890–1892, 1895–1897)
- Monarch – Restoration of Monarchy
- Sweden – United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway – Oscar II (1872–1907)
- Switzerland – Johann Jakob Scherer, President of the Confederation (1875)
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
- Monarch – Victoria (1837–1901)
- Prime Minister – Benjamin Disraeli (1868, 1874–1880)
Middle East and North Africa
- Abu Dhabi – Zaid ibn Khalifa, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1855–1909)
- Khedivate of Egypt – Isma'il (1867–1879)
- Sultanate of Morocco – Hassan I (1873–1894)
- Sultanate of Oman – Turki ibn Sa'id (1871–1888)
- Persia (Qajar dynasty) – Nasir ed-Din (1848–1896)
- Beylik of Tunis (Under Ottoman Empire suzerainty) – Muhammad as-Sadiq (1859–1882)
North America and The Caribbean
- Canada
- Monarch – Victoria, Queen of Canada (1837–1901)
- Governor General - Marquess of Dufferin and Ava (1872–1878)
- Prime Minister - Alexander Mackenzie (1873–1878)
- Costa Rica – Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez, President of Costa Rica (1870–1876)
- Dominican Republic – Ignacio María González, President of the Dominican Republic (1874–1876)
- El Salvador – Santiago González, President of El Salvador (1871–1876)
- Guatemala – Justo Rufino Barrios, President of Guatemala (1873–1885)
- Haiti – Michel Domingue, President of Haiti (1874–1876)
- Honduras – Ponciano Leiva, President of Honduras (1874–1876)
- Mexico - Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, President of Mexico (1872–1876)
- Nicaragua –
- Vicente Quadra, President of Nicaragua (1871–1875)
- Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Alfaro, President of Nicaragua (1875–1879)
- United States - Ulysses S. Grant, President of the United States (1869–1877)
Oceania
- Kingdom of Hawaii – Kalākaua (1874–1891)
- Niue – Tui-toga, King of Niue (1875–1887)
- Mangareva – Bernardo Putairi, Regent of Mangareva (1873–1881)
- Samoa – Malietoa Talavou Tonumaipe’a, Malietoa (1860–1880)
- Tahiti – Pōmare IV, Queen of Tahiti (1827–1877)
- Tonga – Tāufaʻāhau, Tu'i Kanokupolu (1845–1893)
- crowned King of Tonga, as King George Tupou I, in 1875
South America
- Argentina – Nicolás Avellaneda, President of Argentina (1874–1880)
- Bolivia – Tomás Frías Ametller, President of Bolivia (1874–1876)
- Empire of Brazil
- Monarch – Pedro II (1831–1889)
- President of the cabinet of ministers
- José Paranhos, Viscount of Rio Branco (1871–1875)
- Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias (1875–1878)
- Chile – Federico Errázuriz Zañartu, President of Chile (1871–1876)
- Colombia – Santiago Pérez, President of Colombia (1874–1876)
- Ecuador
- Gabriel García Moreno, President of Ecuador (1869–1875)
- Francisco Javier León, Acting President of Ecuador (1875)
- José Javier Egiguren, Acting President of Ecuador (1875)
- Rafael Pólit, President of Ecuador (1875)
- Antonio Borrero y Cortázar, President of Ecuador (1875–1876)
- Paraguay – Juan Bautista Gill, President of Paraguay (1874–1877)
- Peru – Manuel Pardo, President of Peru (1872–1876)
- Uruguay
- José Eugenio Ellauri, President of Uruguay (1873–1875)
- Pedro Varela, President of Uruguay (1875)
- Pedro Carve, President of Uruguay (1875)
- Pedro Varela, President of Uruguay (1875–1876)
- Venezuela – Antonio Guzmán Blanco, President of Venezuela (1870–1877)
References
- [https://books.google.com/books?id=8drXpCGaT-UC&pg=PA117#v=onepage&q&f=false Sylvanus John Sodienye Cookey King Jaja of the Niger Delta: His Life and imes 1821-1891
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