List of rampage killers (religious, political, or ethnic crimes)
This section of the list of rampage killers contains mass murders, committed by lone wolf perpetrators, that have a foremost religious, political or racial background.
A rampage killer has been defined as follows:
A rampage involves the (attempted) killing of multiple persons least partly in public space by a single physically present perpetrator using (potentially) deadly weapons in a single event without any cooling-off period.[1]
This list should contain every case with at least one of the following features:
- Rampage killings with 6 or more dead
- Rampage killings with at least 4 people killed and least ten victims overall (dead plus injured)
- Rampage killings with at least 2 people killed and least 12 victims overall (dead plus injured)
- An incidence of rampage killing shall not be included in this list if it does not include at least two people killed.
- In all cases the perpetrator(s) are not counted among those killed or injured.
All abbreviations used in the table are explained below.
Rampage killers
Perpetrator | Date | Year | Location | Country | Killed | Injured | W | Additional notes | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Unknown | December 4 | 1977 | Tanjung Kupang | 99 | 0 | F V | Died in the crash | ||
2. | Lahouaiej-Bouhlel, Mohamed Salmene, 31 (محمد سلمان الحويج بوهلال) | July 14 | 2016 | Nice | 86 | 458 | F V | Killed by police | ||
3. | Breivik, Anders Behring, 32 | July 22 | 2011 | Oslo & Utøya | 75 | 241 | F E | Sentenced to 21 years in prison Two more died trying to escape | ||
4. | Tarrant, Brenton Harrison, 28 | March 15 | 2019 | Christchurch | 51 | 49 | F | Pleaded guilty | ||
5. | Mateen, Omar Mir Seddique, 29 | June 12 | 2016 | Orlando, Florida | 49 | 53 | F | Killed by police | ||
6. | Yacoubi, Seifeddine Rezgui, 22 (سيف الدين رزقي اليعقوبي) | June 26 | 2015 | Sousse | 38 | 39 | F E | Killed by police | ||
7. | Morral Roca, Mateu, 25 | May 31/June 2 | 1906 | Madrid | 30 | 100+ | F E | Committed suicide | ||
8. | Two unknown men | August 24 | 2010 | Mogadishu | 30 | 5+ | F E | Both committed suicide | ||
9. | Crusius, Patrick Wood, 21 (suspect) | Aug 3 | 2019 | El Paso, Texas | 23 | 23 | F | Arrested One of the injured died in 2020; attributed to this event | ||
10. | Abbas al-Baqir Abbas, 33 (عباس الباقر عباس) | Dec. 8 | 2000 | Jarafa | 22 | 31 | F | Killed by police | ||
11. | Two unknown men | November 20 | 2015 | Bamako | 20 | 7–9 | F E | Both killed by soldiers | ||
12. | Fieschi, Giuseppe Marco, 44 | July 28 | 1835 | Paris | 18 | 22 | F | Sentenced to death and executed Also killed a horse | ||
13. | Farook, Syed Rizwan, 28 Malik, Tashfeen, 29 | Dec. 2 | 2015 | San Bernardino, California | 14 | 24 | F | Both killed by police | ||
14. | Lardanchet, Jean-Pierre, 36 Friedli, André, 39 | Dec. 15/16 | 1995 | Vercors | 14 | 0 | FMO | Both committed suicide | ||
15. | Amri, Anis Ben Othman, 24 (أنيس العامري) | Dec. 19/23 | 2016 | Berlin Milan | 12 | 57 | FMV | Killed by police | ||
16. | Kouachi, Saïd, 34 Kouachi, Chérif, 32 | January 7 | 2015 | Paris | 12 | 11 | F | Both killed by police | ||
17. | Unknown | Dec. 29 | 2017 | Cairo | 11 | 10 | F | Arrested Suspected of other attacks | ||
18. | Bowers, Robert Gregory, 46 (suspect) | Oct 27 | 2018 | Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania | 11 | 6 | F | Arrested | ||
19. | Rathjen, Tobias, 43 | Feb. 19 | 2020 | Hanau | 10 | 5 | F | Committed suicide Killed an unborn child | ||
20. | Essex, Mark James Robert, 23 | Dec. 31 / January 7 | 1972 1973 | New Orleans, Louisiana | 9 | 13 | F A | Killed by police | ||
21. | Sonboly, David, 18 | July 22 | 2016 | Munich | 9 | 4 | F | Committed suicide | ||
22. | Roof, Dylann Storm, 21 | June 17 | 2015 | Charleston, South Carolina | 9 | 1 | F | Sentenced to death | ||
23. | Unknown | July 11 | 1988 | Cruise ship City of Poros | 8 | 98 | F E | Committed suicide | ||
24. | Strydom, Barend Hendrik, 23 | November 8/15 | 1988 | De Deur & Pretoria | 8 | 16 | F | Sentenced to death plus 30 years | [2] | |
25. | Suleiman Mohammed Abdul-Hamid Khater, 24 (سليمان خاطر) | Oct. 5 | 1985 | Ras Burqa | 8 | 4 | F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | [3] | |
26. | García Antonio, Germán[n 1] | May 2 | 1985 | Guadalupe la Mexicana | 8 | 1 | F | Committed suicide | [4] | |
27. | Unknown[n 2] | 1924 | Drew, Mississippi | 7–8 | ? | F | Unsolved | [5] | ||
28. | Merah, Mohammed, 23 (محمد مراح) | March 11–22 | 2012 | Toulouse & Montauban | 7 | 6 | F | Killed by police | ||
29. | Smith, Roland James, 51 | Dec 8 | 1995 | New York City, New York | 7 | 4 | F A | Committed suicide | ||
30. | Charles, Robert, 35 | July 23–27 | 1900 | New Orleans | 6 | 20+ | F | Killed by angry mob or killed by police | ||
31. | Ferguson, Colin, 35 | Dec 7 | 1993 | Garden City, New York | 6 | 19 | F | Sentenced to 315 years and 8 months to life imprisonment | ||
32. | Bissonnette, Alexandre, 27 | January 29 | 2017 | Quebec City, Quebec | 6 | 19 | F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | ||
33. | Two unknown men | Dec. 14 | 1998 | Peć | 6 | 15 | F | Unsolved | ||
34. | Two unknown men | June 18 | 1994 | Loughinisland, Northern Ireland | 6 | 5 | F | Unsolved | ||
35. | Page, Wade Michael, 40 | August 5 | 2012 | Oak Creek, Wisconsin | 6 | 4 | F | Committed suicide One of the injured died in 2020; attributed to this event | [6] | |
36. | Two unknown men | July 2 | 1976 | Antrim, Northern Ireland | 6 | 3 | F | Unsolved | ||
37. | Tsarnaev, Dzhokhar Anzorovich, 19 Tsarnaev, Tamerlan Anzorovich, 26 | April 15–19 | 2013 | Boston, Cambridge, & Watertown, Massachusetts | 5 | 280 | FME | Dzhokhar sentenced to death Tamerlan killed by police and run over by Dzhokhar Possibly involved in the 2011 Waltham triple murder | ||
38. | Shafik al-Arid, 22 Talal Khantourah, 21 | August 5 | 1973 | Athens | 5 | 55 | F E | Pleaded guilty | [7] | |
39. | Masood, Khalid, 52 | March 22 | 2017 | London, England | 5 | 49 | MV | Killed by police | ||
40. | Coulibaly, Amedy, 32 | January 7–9 | 2015 | Montrouge & Porte de Vincennes | 5 | 11 | F | Killed by police | ||
41. | Johnson, Micah Xavier, 25 | July 7 | 2016 | Dallas, Texas | 5 | 11 | F | Killed by police | ||
42. | Chekatt, Chérif, 29 | Dec. 11 | 2018 | Strasbourg | 5 | 11 | FM | Killed by police | ||
43. | Two unknown men | February 5 | 1992 | Belfast, Northern Ireland | 5 | 9 | F | Unsolved | ||
44. | Elosegi, José Javier Zabaleta Irujo, Juan María Tapia | November 3 | 1980 | Zarautz | 5 | 5 | F | Elosegi sentenced to 200 years in prison Irujo sentenced to 66 years in prison | ||
45. | Lakdim, Redouane, 25 | March 23 | 2018 | Carcassonne & Trèbes | 4 | 15 | FM | Killed by police | ||
46. | Nel, Johan, 18 | January 14 | 2008 | Skierlik | 4 | 8 | F | Sentenced to life imprisonment Also killed one ostrich | [8] | |
47. | Mullah Abdullah, 60 Gool, Badsha Mahommed, 40 | January 1 | 1915 | Broken Hill, New South Wales | 4 | 7 | F | Both killed by police | [9] | |
48. | French, Kenneth Junior, 22[n 2] | Aug 6 | 1993 | Fayetteville | 4 | 7 | F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | [10] | |
49. | Stone, Michael, 32 | March 16 | 1988 | Belfast, Northern Ireland | 3 | 60+ | F E | Sentenced to 682 years in prison | ||
50. | Legan, Santino William, 19 | July 28 | 2019 | Gilroy | 3 | 17 | F | Committed suicide | ||
51. | Lambright, Donald Martin, 30 | April 5 | 1969 | Harrisburg | 3 | 15 | F | Committed suicide | [11] | |
52. | Lortie, Denis, 25 | May 8 | 1984 | Quebec City, Quebec | 3 | 13 | F | Sentenced to life imprisonment | ||
53. | Dear, Robert Lewis, 57 | November 27 | 2015 | Colorado Springs, Colorado | 3 | 9 | F | Found mentally unfit to stand trial | ||
54. | Marwen Hasan, 25 Hesham Mohammed Rajeh, 21 | August 29 | 1981 | Vienna | 2 | 30 | F E | Both sentenced to life imprisonment Rajeh killed a man on May 1, 1981 | ||
55. | Princip, Gavrilo, 19 Čabrinović, Nedeljko, 19 | June 28 | 1914 | Sarajevo | 2 | 16 | F E | Both sentenced to 20 years in prison | ||
56. | Two unknown men | August 5 | 1980 | Lyon | 2 | 11 | F | |||
57. | Two unknown men | November 3 | 1997 | Wad Madani | 2 | 10 | M | Arrested | [12] | |
58. | Smith, Benjamin Nathaniel, 21 | July 2–4 | 1999 | Chicago, Skokie & Decatur, Illinois Bloomington, Indiana | 2 | 10 | F | Committed suicide |
Abbreviations and footnotes
- At least one of the victims was a relative of the assailant.
- Assailant was a member of the military, police, or a comparable force at the time of the rampage.
The W-column gives a basic description of the weapons used in the murders
- F – Firearms and other ranged weapons, especially rifles and handguns, but also bows and crossbows, grenade launchers, flamethrowers, or slingshots
- M – Melee weapons, like knives, swords, spears, machetes, axes, clubs, rods, rocks, or bare hands
- O – Any other weapons, such as bombs, hand grenades, Molotov cocktails, poison and poisonous gas, as well as vehicle and arson attacks
- A – indicates that an arson attack was the only other weapon used
- V – indicates that a vehicle was the only other weapon used
- E – indicates that explosives of any sort were the only other weapon used
- P – indicates that an anaesthetising or deadly substance of any kind was the only other weapon used (includes poisonous gas)
References
- Seeger, Thorsten (ed.) School Shootings: International Research, Case Studies, and Concepts for Prevention; Springer, 2012.
- White Supremacist Sentenced to Death By a Pretoria Court, The New York Times (May 26, 1989)
- Tessler, Mark A.: A History of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict; Indiana University Press, 1994. ISBN 0-253-20873-4 (p. 661)
- Fanático religioso, asesino, se mató cuando mantenía 13 rehenes El Informador (May 4, 1985)
– Latinamerica press, Vol. 17; Lima, 1985.
– Marroquín, Enrique: El conflicto religioso Oaxaca, 1976–1992; Oaxaca, 2007. ISBN 978-970-32-4017-3 - Umoja, Akinyele Omowale (2003), We Will Shoot Back: Armed Resistance in the Mississippi Freedom Movement, New York University Press, ISBN 9780814725245
- Neil Vigdor (5 March 2020). "Priest Paralyzed in Mass Shooting at Sikh Temple in 2012 Dies from Injuries". New York Times. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
- Staff writers (24 January 1974). "2 Arabs Face Athens Court, Plead Guilty". Eugene Register-Guard. United Press International. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
- White man's shooting spree in black settlement ignites racial tensions, International Herald Tribune (January 24, 2008)
– Johan Nel must now face the music, Sowetan (November 19, 2008)
– White teenage racist admits South Africa killing spree, The Daily Telegraph (November 17, 2008)
– Rot in jail! – Skierlik shooter is sentenced Archived 2008-12-03 at the Wayback Machine, Sowetan (November 21, 2008) - Dreadful affair at Broken Hill, The Advertiser (January 2, 1915)
– Outlawry – Train attacked by Turks, The Sydney Morning Herald (January 2, 1915)
– Wild scenes at Broken Hill, The Sydney Morning Herald (January 4, 1915)
– Broken Hill Outrage, The Age (January 6, 1915)
– Barrier Shooting – Inquest on Victims, The Sydney Morning Herald (January 8, 1915) - Heavily armed man kills 4, injures 7 in restaurant, Toledo Blade (August 8, 1993)
– 'Mama, I don't know why', The Lexington Dispatch (August 9, 1993)
– Restaurant killings stun cops, The Mount Airy News (August 9, 1993)
– Friends say accused killer troubled, The Hendersonville Times-News (August 16, 1993)
– French to plead for his life, Wilmington Morning Star (April 8, 1994)
– Man sentenced to life in prison for four murders, Spartanburg Herald-Journal (April 16, 1994) - Angry Young Man, The New York Times (April 6, 1969)
– Pike killer felt violence only racial answer, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (April 7, 1969)
– Pike killer not on drugs, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (April 10, 1969) - Sudan Mosque Attack, BBC News (November 3, 1997)
– Muslim radicals attack mosque in Wad Madani; two dead, 10 injured, AFP (November 3, 1997)
– "Extremist" Muslim sect members attack worshippers, kill two, Suna news agency (November 4, 1997)
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