List of modern production plug-in electric vehicles

This is a list of mass production highway-capable plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), and also includes those plug-ins at an advanced stage of development or being tested in demonstration programs. A PEV is any motor vehicle that can be recharged from any external source of electricity, and a subcategory of electric vehicles that includes all-electric or battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid vehicles, (PHEVs), and plug-in conversions of hybrid electric vehicles depending on battery size and their all-electric range.[1][2] Conventional hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are not included.

Two plug-in electric cars, a Honda Fit EV all-electric car (left) and a Ford C-Max Energi plug-in hybrid (right), charging from an on-street public charging station in San Francisco.

Plug-in electric cars available for retail customers (2007–2017)

Current models

List of PEV automobiles, pickups, vans and SUVs commercially available for sale or leasing
Model	Image	Type of PEV⁽¹⁾	Original MRSP⁽²⁾ /Lease per month (current $)	Range (EV mode for PHEVs)	Comments
Buddy		BEV	144,900 kr (~US$24,000) to 186,850 kr (~US$30,500)[3]	80 km (50 mi)(Lead-acid battery) 121 km (75 mi)(NiMH battery)	Produced in Norway since 2007 as a successor to the Kewet. Deliveries of an enhanced model began in January 2010.[4] As of September 2013, a total of 1,087 units were registered in Norway, the leading market, consisting of 2 Kewet CITI VANs, 22 Kewet EL-JET (1-4)s, 50 Kewet CITI JET 5s, 379 Buddy M9 (2010-2013), and 634 Kewet Buddy Citi-Jet 6 (2005-2009).[5] Since its inception in 1991, combined sales of the Kewet and Buddy totaled about 1,500 units through October 2013.[6] As of March 2016, the Buddy was still on sale.[7]
Mitsubishi i-MiEV (rebadged also as Peugeot iOn and Citroën C-ZERO )		BEV	4 million yen (~US$43,000) to US$29,125 (US)[8]	160 km (100 mi)	The i-MiEV is the world's first highway-capable mass production electric car.[9][10] Fleet leasing began in Japan in July 2009,[11] and retail sales began in Japan in April 2010,[12] followed by Hong Kong and Australia in 2010, and several European countries, Costa Rica, Chile, Canada and the U.S. in 2011.[13][14] As of June 2016, and accounting for all variants of the i-MiEV family, including the rebadged Peugeot iOn and Citroën C-Zero sold in Europe, about 37,600 units have been sold worldwide since 2009.[15] Sales of the passenger model are led by Japan with 10,423 i-MiEVs sold through December 2014.[16][17] followed by Norway with 5,334 units sold, including 2,589 i-MiEVs, 1,352 C-Zeros, and 1,393 iOns;[18][19][20][21] France with 4,772 units, including 2,419 iOns, 2,241 C-Zeros, and 112 i-MiEVs;[22] Germany with 2,494 units registered, including 976 i-MiEVs, 965 C-Zeros and 553 iOns;[23][24][25][26] and the U.S. with a total of 1,893 Mitsubishi i's sold through December 2014.[27]
Chery QQ3 EV		BEV	CN¥40,000 (~US$6,480) after incentives	100 km (62 mi)	Deliveries began in China in March 2010.[28] The QQ3 EV was the top selling new energy car in China between 2011 and 2013, with 2,167 units sold in 2011, 3,129 in 2012, and 5,727 in 2013.[29] Cumulative sales since January 2011 through June 2015 reached 22,097 units.[29][30][31]
JAC J3 EV		BEV	CN¥158,000 (~US$25,595)	130 km (81 mi)	Launched in China in 2010. Cumulative sales reached 10,161 units through June 2015.[31][32][33][34][35] A third generation model, called JAC J3 iev, was launched in September 2012.[33]
Tazzari Zero		BEV	€20,300 (~US$29,200) GB£21,500 (~US$34,850)	140 km (87 mi)	Sales began in several European countries in 2010.[36][37] A total of 34 units were sold in Norway in 2011.[18]
Nissan Leaf (1st generation) Nissan Leaf (2nd generation)		BEV	US$32,780⁽⁴⁾ (MY 2011)[38] US$36,020 (MY 2012)[39] US$29,650 (MY 2013)[40]	MY 2011/12 117 km (73 mi)[41] MY 2013 121 km (75 mi)[41] MY 2014/15 135 km (84 mi)[41] MY 2016 172 km (107 mi)[42]	Retail deliveries began in the U.S. and Japan, and fleet customers in Portugal in December 2010.[43][44][45] As of January 2018, the Leaf was available in more than 60 countries in four continents.[46] The Nissan Leaf listed as the world's best-selling highway-capable electric car in history until December 2019, by early 2020 was surpassed by the Tesla Model 3.[47] The Leaf was the world's best selling electric car from 2011 to 2014, and also in 2016.[48][49][50][51] As of May 2020, more than 470,000 Leaf cars have been sold globally since inception.[52] Europe is the world's largest Leaf market with 150,000 units sold by December 2019, followed by the United States with 141,907 up to December 2019, and Japan with almost 140,000 units through March 2020.[53][54][55] The European market is led by Norway with over 61,000 units registered by May 2020.[56]
Chevrolet Volt (1st generation) Opel Ampera Chevrolet Volt (2nd generation)		PHEV	1st generation US$41,000 (MY 2011)[57] US$39,995 (MY 2012)[58] US$34,995 (MY 2014)[59] 2nd generation US$33,995 (MY 2016)[60]	1st generation 56 km (35 mi)[61] 2nd generation 85 km (53 mi)[62]	Volt deliveries in the U.S. began in December 2010[63] and in September 2011 in Canada.[64] European customer deliveries of the Opel Ampera began in February 2012.[65] Global Volt/Ampera family cumulative sales passed the 100,000 unit milestone in October 2015.[66] As of November 2016, the Volt/Ampera family ranks as the world's best-selling plug-in car in history, with global sales of more than 130,500 units, including over 10,000 Opel/Vauxhall Amperas sold through June 2016.[67] Sales are led by the Chevrolet Volt, with the United States as its main market with 109,798 units sold followed by Canada with 8,612, both through November 2016,[67] and the Netherlands with 1,065 units registered until December 2014.[68] As of December 2015, Ampera sales in Europe were led by the Netherlands with 5,031 units registered,[69][70][71] followed by Germany with 1,542 units registered,[23][24][25][26][72] and the UK with 1,279 registered at the end of September 2015.[73] In July 2014, Opel announced that due to the slowdown in sales, the Ampera would be discontinued after the launch of second generation Volt.[74] Production of the first generation 2015 model year Volt ended in mid-May 2015,[75] while manufacturing of pre-production units of the second generation began in March 2015.[76] Retail sales of the second generation Volt are scheduled to begin in the second half of 2015 as a 2016 model year.[77] In April 2015, General Motors confirmed that it would not build the second generation Volt in right-hand-drive configuration. Due to low sales in Australia the Holden Volt was discontinued after the remaining stock was sold out.[78] Retail deliveries of the second generation Volt began in the U.S. and Canada in October 2015 as a 2016 model year.[79][80] Availability in the American market is limited to California and the other 10 states that follow California's zero emission vehicle regulations. The second generation Volt is scheduled to go on sale as a 2017 model year in the 39 remaining states by the second quarter of 2016.[79]
Smart electric drive		BEV	2nd generation Leasing only GB£375/month (UK)[81] US$599/mo (US)[82] 3rd generation US$25,750[83] (US)	2nd generation 101 km (63 mi) 3rd generation 140 km (90 mi)[83]	Field testing began in London with 100 units in 2007. The second generation was introduced in 2009 and leasing in the U.S. began in January 2011, limited to 250 units.[82][84][85] Deliveries of the third generation model began in the U.S. in May 2013,[86] and are scheduled to begin in Europe during the second quarter of 2013, and will be available in more than 30 markets worldwide.[83][87] More than 8,800 units have been sold in North America and Europe through June 2014. This figure includes over 2,300 units of the second generation models leased in 18 markets around the world between 2009 and October 2012.[88] Of these, 1,721 units were registered in Europe through October 2012,[89] and 527 units in the U.S. through December 2012.[90][91] During 2013 a total of 4,130 units of the third generation were sold worldwide.[92] Over 6,500 units of the third generation have been sold through June 2014.[92][93] As of June 2014, combined sales of both generations reached 3,959 units in Germany,[94][95][96][97][98] 2,542 units in the U.S.[90][99][100] and 865 units in France.[22]
Volvo C30 DRIVe Electric		BEV	€1,500/mo (US$1,955) Leasing only[101]	150 km (93 mi)	Field testing with 50 units took place in Göteborg, Sweden in 2010. Limited production began in June 2011 and leasing to fleet customers in Sweden, Belgium, the Netherlands and Norway began in the third quarter of 2011.[102] A total of 209 units have been leased in Europe through October 2012.[89] Since 2011 a total of 149 units have been delivered in Sweden through March 2013.[103][104]
BYD e6		BEV	369,800 RMB ~US$32,995	310 km (190 mi)	Sales to the general public began in October, 2011, in Shenzhen, China.[105] A total of 33 units were sold in 2010, 401 in 2011, 1,690 in 2012, 1,544 in 2013, and increased to 3,560 in 2014, and 7,029 in 2015.[106] Cumulative sales in China totaled 34,862 units through December 2016.[106][107] The e6 ranked as the top selling all-electric plug-in passenger car in China in 2016.[107]
Bolloré Bluecar		BEV	€19,000 (US$24,850) + €80/mo (US$105) fee for the battery (VAT not included)[108]	250 km (160 mi)	The Bluecar was deployed in December 2011 as part of the Autolib' carsharing in Paris.[109] Leasing to individual and corporate customers began in October 2012 limited to the Île-de-France area.[110] Retail sales began in February 2013. Owners can access the Autolib' network of charging stations around Paris for an optional monthly fee of €15 (US$20).[108] A total of 5,689 units have been registered in France through September 2016,[22] with over 2,000 units deployed for the Autolib' carsharing program.[111] The Bolloré Bluecar was the top selling highway-capable electric car in the French market in 2012.[112]
Ford Focus Electric		BEV	US$39,995[113] (MY 2012) US$29,995 (MY 2017)[114]	122 km (76 mi)[115] (MY 2012-2016) 185 km (115 mi)[116] (MY 2017-)	U.S. Deliveries for fleet customers began in December 2011 and to retail customers in May 2012. Initially sales were limited to New York, New Jersey and California.[117][118] A total of 3,965 units have been delivered in the U.S. through September 2014.[90][119][120][121]
Renault Fluence Z.E.		BEV	205,000 DKK (€27,496) + a monthly fee for the battery[122]	160 km (100 mi)	The Fluence Z.E. was the only electric car deployed within the Better Place network in Israel and Denmark. Less than 1,000 units were deployed in Israel and around 400 units in Denmark through May 2013, when the company filed for bankruptcy.[123][124] Since 2012 the Fluence Z.E. is sold in South Korea as the SM3 Z.E. under the Renault Samsung Motors badge.[125] Since 2010 a total of 3,935 units have been sold worldwide through October 2014,[126] with 2,384 registered in Europe.[127] In France, 727 units have been registered through October 2014.[22]
Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid (1st generation)		PHEV	US$32,000 (base) to US$39,525 (advanced)[128]	18 km (11 mi)[129]	Launched in Japan in late January 2012,[130] and released in the U.S. in late February 2012.[131] Deliveries in Europe started in June 2012 and sales in Canada began in September 2012.[132][133] Production of the first generation Prius Plug-in ended in June 2015.[134] Production of the next generation plug-in is expected to start in about October 2016.[135] As of April 2016, a total of 75,400 Prius PHVs had been sold worldwide,[136] with the United States as the market leader with 42,320 units delivered through April 2016.[137][138] Japan is the second largest market with about 22,100 units sold, followed by the European market with cumulative sales of about 10,500 units delivered, both through April 2016.[136] The leading European markets are the Netherlands with 4,134 units registered by the end of November 2015,[139] followed by the UK with 1,501 units registered as of September 2015,[73] and Sweden with 1,217 units registered through December 2015.[140][141]
Tesla Model S		BEV	US$66,000 to US$161,000[142]	60 kW·h: 208 mi (335 km)[142] 75 kW·h: 259 mi (417 km)[142] 90 kW·h: 294 mi (473 km)[142] 100 kW·h: 315 mi (507 km)[142]	Deliveries of the 85 kW·h premium limited edition model in the U.S. began in June 2012.[143] Base models with 60 kW·h and 85 kW·h. packs were released during the first quarter of 2013.[144] Retail deliveries started in Europe in August 2013.[145] Deliveries in China began in April 2014.[146] First deliveries of the right-hand-drive model destined for the UK, Australia, Hong Kong and Japan began in the second quarter of 2014.[147] In December 2015 global Model S sales passed the 100,000 unit milestone.[148] In June 2015, three years after the Model S introduction, Tesla announced that Model S owners globally have accumulated over 1 billion electric miles (1.6 billion km) traveled.[149][150] The Tesla Model S is the first plug-in electric vehicle fleet to have reached the 1 billion electric miles milestone.[150] A variant with a 100 kW·h battery pack was introduced in August 2016.[151] As of December 2017, more than 200,000 Model S sedans have been sold worldwide since its introduction, ranking as the world's second best selling plug-in car ever after the Nissan Leaf.[152] The Model S was the world's best-selling plug-in electric car in 2015,[153] and continued to lead global plug-in car sales in 2016.[152] As of September 2016, the United States is the leading market with about 84,000 units sold,[154][155][156] followed by Norway with 19,714 new units registered through the end of April 2019,[157][158][159] China with 5,524 units registered through September 2015,[160][161] and the Netherlands with 5,622 units registered at the end of September 2016.[162]
Ford C-Max Energi		PHEV	US$33,745[163]	32 km (20 mi)[164]	Released in the U.S. by mid October 2012.[165] Over 35,700 units have been sold in North America and Europe through December 2016, with 33,509 units delivered in the U.S.[90][119][166][167][168] 967 units in Canada,[169] and 1,229 in the Netherlands.[170]
Renault Zoe		BEV	€20,700 (US$27,250) + a monthly fee for the battery (22 kWh)	22 kWh 210 km (130 mi) (NEDC) 41 kWh 400 km (250 mi) (NEDC)[171]	Retail customer deliveries began in France in limited number in December 2012, and availability was increased in France and the rest of Europe during the first quarter of 2013.[172][173] The cost of leasing the battery for 36 months starts from €79/month (US$104/month).[174] A new variant with an optional 41 kWh lithium-ion battery called the ZE40 was introduced in September 2016.[171] Global sales passed the 50,000 unit milestone in June 2016.[175] Zoe sales are led by France with 27,155 units registered as of June 2016.[175] Following next are Germany with 4,304 units through December 2015,[25][26][72] and the UK with 3,327 units registered at the end of 2015.[176] Cumulative global sales totaled 61,205 units up until December 2016.[177] The Zoe has been the top selling all-electric car in Europe for two years running, 2015 and 2016.[178][179] Also, the Zoe topped European sales in the broader plug-in electric car segment in 2016, ahead of the Mitsubishi Outlander P-HEV, the top selling plug-in car in the previous two years.[180]
Volvo V60 Plug-in Hybrid		PHEV	~ €50,000 ~ GB£40,000[181]	50 km (31 mi)[182]	Deliveries began in Sweden in late 2012 and in the UK in June 2013.[183][184] According to Volvo, the first 1,000 units were sold before deliveries had begun, and production was ramp up to 5,000 units for 2013. The V60 PHEV is the world's first diesel plug-in hybrid. The car is not expected to be available in the U.S.[182] A total of 19,571 units have sold in Europe through December 2015.[185][186][187] As of October 2015, sales are led by the Netherlands with 11,169 units registered,[188] followed by Sweden with 1,388 units registered through December 2014.[103][189]
Honda Accord Plug-in Hybrid		PHEV	US$39,780[190]	21 km (13 mi)[190]	Sales began in the U.S. available only in California and New York in January 2013.[191] The Accord PHEV was introduced in Japan in June 2013 and it is available only for leasing, primarily to corporations and government agencies.[192] As of December 2013, the Accord PHEV ranks as the third best selling plug-in hybrid in the Japanese market.[193] A total of 1,034 units have been sold in the United States through June 2015.[166][99][194] In June 2015 Honda announced that the Accord Plug-in Hybrid will be discontinued after the 2015 model year, together with the Civic hybrid and natural gas variants. The company plans to launch of a new dedicated plug-in hybrid and battery electric models after the introduction of Honda's next generation fuel cell vehicle in 2016.[195]
Mitsubishi Outlander P-HEV		PHEV	¥3,324,000 US$36,650 to ¥4,297,000 (US$47,380)	60 km (37 mi)[196]	The Outlander P-HEV was released in the Japanese market in January 2013, becoming the first SUV plug-in hybrid available for retail sales.[197] The European launched was originally scheduled for July 2013,[198] but retail sales began in the Netherlands until October 2013 due to battery problems in the initial production batch.[199] The introduction in the United States has been delayed several times.[200][201][202][203] As of June 2016, U.S. deliveries were scheduled to begin by August 2016 as a 2017 model year.[204][205] In July 2016, the release in the American market was postponed one more time, being rescheduled until mid-2017.[206] Global sales passed the 100,000 unit milestone in March 2016.[207][208] Europe is the leading market with 80,768 units sold through December 2016,[209] followed by Japan with 33,730 units through March 2016, and Australia with 2,015.[208] As of September 2016, European sales were led by the UK and the Netherlands, each country with about 25,000 registered.[210][211] The Outlander P-HEV was the top selling plug-in electric vehicle in Europe in 2014 and again in 2015.[212][213] The Outlander PHEV has been Europe's best-selling plug-in hybrid vehicle for four years in a row, from 2013 to 2016.[209] Both in 2014 and 2015, it also ranked as the world's top selling plug-in hybrid, and as the third best selling plug-in car after the all-electrics Tesla Model S and Nissan Leaf.[153][214] As of December 2016, the Outlander P-HEV ranked as the world's all-time second best-selling plug-in hybrid after the Chevrolet Volt, and fourth all-time top selling plug-in electric car.[207] Cumulative global sales totaled about 119,500 units through December 2016.[49]
Roewe E50		BEV	CN¥234,900 (US$37,589)[215]	180 km (110 mi)[216]	Available only in China, with 238 units sold in 2012 and 7 units during the first half of 2013.[32][217] Deliveries began in Shanghai in January 2013.[218]
Rimac Concept One		BEV	~€740,500[219]	500 km (310 mi)[220]	The car is capable of reaching 308 km/h (191 mph). Between January 2013 and October 2014, eight cars have been manufactured and sold.[221]
Ford Fusion Energi		PHEV	US$39,495[222] (Feb 2013) US$35,525 (Jan 2014)[223]	32 km (20 mi)[164]	Released in the U.S. in February 2013. A total of 43,713 units have been sold in North America through December 2016, with 43,327 units delivered in the U.S.[119][167][168] and 386 units in Canada.[169]
Mahindra e2o		BEV	Rs 7.0 lakh (US$12,900) to Rs 8.5 lakh (US$15,670)[224]	100 km (62 mi)[225]	Market release was rescheduled several times. Previously known as the REVA NXR, it was launched in India in March 2013. Sales in Europe are planned for late 2013.[225][226] Under 1,000 units were sold in India, Nepal and Sri Lanka during 2013.[227][228]
Chevrolet Spark EV		BEV	US$27,495[229]	132 km (82 mi)[230]	The first all-electric car from General Motors after the GM EV1 was released in limited quantities in the U.S. in selected markets in California and Oregon in June 2013.[231] The Spark EV was released in South Korea in October 2013.[232] Retail sales were scheduled to begin in Maryland in the second quarter of 2015.[233] Sales totaled 4,161 units in the American market through November 2015.[166][99][234]
Fiat 500e		BEV	US$32,500[235]	140 km (87 mi)[236]	Launched in July 2013, the 500e is initially available only in California.[237] About 16,549 units have been sold in the U.S. through May 2016.[238]
Volkswagen e-Up!		BEV	€26,900[239] (~US$34,500)	160 km (99 mi)[239]	Retail sales in Germany and other European countries began in October 2013.[240] A total of 9,157 e-Up! cars have been sold in Europe through October 2015.[241][242][243]
BMW i3		BEV and PHEV option	€34,950 (US$46,400) in Germany US$42,275 in the U.S. plus US$3,850 for range-extender option.[244][245]	MY 2014/17 (60 A·h) 130 km (81 mi)[246] MY 2017 (94 A·h) 183 km (114 mi) REx MY 2014/16 116 km (72 mi)[247]	Retail customer deliveries began in Germany and the UK in November 2013.[248][249] The release in the American market took place in May 2014.[250] A “REx” range extender option is available.[244] The 2017 model year i3 offers an option with a larger 33 kWh battery pack that increased the range to 183 km (114 mi) from 130 km (81 mi). It was released in the United States and Europe in July 2016.[246] Global sales totaled more than 165,000 units by early January 2020.[251] The United States is the top selling market with 41,988 units delivered through December 2019.[53] Norway is also a top market with 25,156 new units registered through mid-June 2020.[56] The i3 ranked third among all-electric cars sold worldwide in 2014 and 2015.[252][253][153]
Porsche Panamera S E-Hybrid		PHEV	€110,409 in Germany[254] US$99,000 in the U.S.[255]	32 km (20 mi)[255]	Released in the U.S. in October 2013,[99][256][257] and during the fourth quarter of 2013 in several European countries. As of December 2013, a total of 90 units had been delivered in France,[258] 86 units in the United States,[119] 59 in the Netherlands,[259] 14 in Spain,[260] and about 12 in Germany.[97] Cumulative sales in the U.S. reached 698 units through August 2014.[119][261] Global sales between January and August 2014 totaled over 1,500 units, presenting 9% of all Panamera models sold worldwide.[262]
Kandi EV		BEV	Leasing only US$130 to US$160 per month[263]	120 km (75 mi)[263]	The Kandi EV city car was deployed in 2013 in China as part of the Kandi EV CarShare, an electric car vending machine-like carsharing program in the city of Hangzhou.[263] The car is also available for leasing of between 1 and 3 years.[263] Sales totaled 5,239 units in the first half of 2014.[264]
BYD Qin		PHEV	189,800 rmb[265] (~US$31,000)	70 km (43 mi)[266]	Retails sales of the Qin began in Costa Rica in November 2013, and sales in other Latin American countries were scheduled to begin in 2014.[267][268][269] Retail sales were initially scheduled to begin in Shenzhen in August 2013,[270] and after being rescheduled several times,[266][271] deliveries began in China in mid December 2013.[265] As of November 2016, cumulative sales in China totaled 67,834 units.[272][273][274] The Qin ranked as the top selling plug-in electric car in China in 2014,[34] and became the all-time top selling plug-in passenger car in the country.[252] The Qin remained as the all-time top selling passenger NEV in China in 2015 with 31,898 units sold.[275] The BYD Qin was the world's second best selling plug-in hybrid car in 2015 after the Mitsubishi Outlander P-HEV, and also ranked fifth in 2015 among the world's top selling plug-in electric cars.[153] Cumulative sales in China passed the 50,000 unit milestone in April 2016.[276]
SAIC Roewe 550 PHEV		PHEV	248,800 rmb[277] (~US$40,600)	58 km (36 mi)[277]	Retails sales of the Roewe 550 PHEV began in China in November 2013.[277] Cumulative sales totaled 11,711 units through December 2015.[34][278]
Cadillac ELR		PHEV	US$75,995[279]	56 km (35 mi)[279]	Deliveries to retail customers in the U.S. began in December 2013, with 6 units sold.[280] Production ended in February 2016.[281] As of April 2016, cumulative sales in North America totaled about 2,800 units,[282] with 2,697 units delivered in the American market through April 2016.[166][138][167] and 78 units in Canada through March 2016.[169][283]
BMW Brilliance Zinoro 1E		BEV	Leasing only 7,400 RMB per month (~US$1,200)[284]	150 km (93 mi)[285]	Only available for leasing in Beijing and Shanghai.[285]
Kia Soul EV		BEV	42 million won ( ~US$39,400)[286] in South Korea US$33,700 in the U.S.[287]	150 km (93 mi)[288]	Deliveries began in South Korea in May 2014.[289][290] European sales began in July 2014.[291] Sales in the U.S. began in the last quarter of 2014, initially it was sold only in California and Oregon, and several Eastern states with the largest EV markets and infrastructure including New York, New Jersey and Maryland.[286] The 10,000 unit mark was passed in January 2016, with Europe as the leading market with 6,770 units sold, followed by South Korea with 1,580, and the United States with 1,411.[292] As of December 2015, the leading European markets are Germany with 3,853 units sold,[293][294] and Norway with 1,637 units.[21][295]
Volkswagen XL1		PHEV	€111,000 (~US$146,000)[296]	50 km (31 mi)[297]	Production began by mid 2013 and it will be limited to 250 units,[296] of which, only 200 will be sold to retail customers.[298] Retail deliveries began in Germany in June 2014.[299] VW expects its diesel-powered PHEV to achieve 0.9 l/100 km (260 mpg_‑US), becoming the most fuel-efficient car in the world.[297]
Volkswagen e-Golf		BEV	€34,900[300] (~US$47,800) in Europe US$35,445 in the U.S.[301]	130 to 190 km (81 to 118 mi)[300]	Field testing planned with 500 units.[302] The first 10 units began field testing in Wolfsburg in May 2011.[303] A second batch of 80 test cars began testing in mid-2011 in Berlin, Hannover and Wolfsburg.[304] In February 2012, field testing began in California, and a total of 20 eGolfs will be allocated to the U.S. test program.[305] Retail deliveries began in Europe in May 2014, and in October 2014 in the U.S. in selected markets.[301] As of December 2015, a total of 19,131 units have been sold worldwide, with 14,542 in Europe[306][307] and 4,589 units in the U.S.[166][167]
Mercedes-Benz B-Class Electric Drive		BEV	US$41,450[308]	140 km (87 mi)[309]	Deliveries began in the U.S. in July 2014.[310] A total of 448 units have been sold in the U.S. through November 2014.[311]
Audi A3 Sportback e-tron		PHEV	€37,000 US$49,000[312]	50 km (31 mi)[313]	Field testing in the U.S. began by mid-2012 with a fleet of 17 all-electric A3s. The testing was conducted among Audi's engineers and company employees only.[314][315] Audi decided to produce only a plug-in hybrid version.[316] Sales across Europe began in August 2014.[317] Deliveries in the U.S. began in December 2015.[318] The first 227 units were registered in Germany in August 2014.[319] As of December 2015, global sales totaled 12,994 units, of which 12,945 units were registered in Europe[187] and 49 units in the United States.[320]
Volkswagen Golf GTE		PHEV	€36,900[321] (~US$48,390)	50 km (31 mi)[322]	The market launch in Europe was scheduled for the fourth quarter of 2014.[322] The first units were registered in Germany in August 2014.[319] European sales totaled 18,397 through December 2015.[187]
Mercedes-Benz S 500 e		PHEV	€108,945[323] (~US$146,000)	23 km (14 mi)[324]	Deliveries began in Europe in September 2014,[325][326] and in the U.S. in July 2015.[327] A total of 621 units have been registered in Europe through October 2015,[243] and 83 in the U.S. through November 2015.[234]
Venucia e30		BEV	CN¥267,800[328] (~ US$43,705)	160 km (99 mi)[329]	The Venucia e30 is the Chinese manufactured version of the Nissan Leaf, and as such, shares many features of the Leaf, including bodywork, dimensions, and electric-drive specifications.[330][331] Dongfeng Nissan started pilot projects in Guangzhou, Xiangyang and Dalian in 2013, with a total of 300 rebadged Leafs deployed since local production of the Venucia e30 had not begun at the time.[328][332] Retail sales of the Venucia e30, began in September 2014.[328][333] Initially the e30 is available in nine cities: Beijing, Dalian, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Tianjin, Wuhan and Zhengzhou. Nationwide availability is expected for 2015.[328] A total of 582 units were sold in 2014.[34]
Denza		BEV	CN¥369,000 (~ US$59,000)[334]	300 km (190 mi)[334]	Deliveries to retail customers were scheduled to begin in September 2014. The Denza is available initially only in Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen.[334] Sales totaled 132 units in 2014.[34]
Porsche Cayenne S E-Hybrid		PHEV	€82,087 (~US$110,000)[335] in Germany US$76,400[336] in the U.S.	23 km (14 mi)	Deliveries in Germany were scheduled to begin in October 2014.[335] Sales in the U.S. began November 2014. A total of 45 units were sold during its first month in the American market.[311]
Chery eQ		BEV	CN¥150,000 (~US$24,160)[337]	200 km (120 mi)[337]	Deliveries began in China in November 2014.[338] A total of 542 units were sold in the country in 2014,[34] and cumulative sales totaled 2,671 units through June 2015.[31][34]
Volkswagen Passat GTE		PHEV	Not available	50 km (31 mi)[339]	The Passat GTE is the first plug-in hybrid available as both sedan and station wagon.[339] The first demo units were registered in Germany in January 2015.[340] A total of 1,067 units have been sold in Europe through October 2015.[243]
Mercedes-Benz C 350 e		PHEV	€50,962 for the Saloon €52,628 for the Estate including	31 km (19 mi)[341]	Available in two version, Saloon and Estate, the plug-in hybrid was released in Europe in March 2015.[341][342] A total of 2,599 units have been sold in Europe through October 2015.[243]
Audi Q7 e-tron		PHEV	Not available	56 km (35 mi)[343]	The first units of the diesel-powered SUV were registered in Germany in April 2015.[344] Cumulative sales in Germany totaled 344 units through April 2016.[294][345]
BYD Tang		PHEV	CN¥300,000[346] (~ US$48,000)	80 km (50 mi)[347]	Deliveries of the SUV began in China in June 2015.[31] A total of 51,077 units have been sold in China through February 2017.[278][107][348] The Tang ranked as the top selling plug-in electric car in China in 2016,[107] and also ranked as the world's third best-selling plug-in car in 2016.[49]
Volvo XC90 T8		PHEV	US$68,100[349]	43 km (27 mi) (NEDC)[350] 23 km (14 mi) (EPA)[351]	Deliveries of the XC90 T8 PHEV began in the United States in August 2015.[352] According to Volvo, sales of the plug-in variant represent 20% of Volvo XC90 global sales by mid-March 2016.[353] Sales in Europe totaled 2,653 units in 2015.[187] Cumulative sales in the U.S. totaled 488 units up until February 2016.[167][354]
Tesla Model X		BEV	US$74,000 to US$163,250[355]	60 kWh: 200 mi (320 km) [355] 75 kW·h: 237 mi (381 km)[355] 90 kW·h: 259 mi (417 km)[355] 100 kW·h: 289 mi (465 km)[355]	Production was initially scheduled to start by the end of 2013, and later postponed several times in order to achieve Model S production targets and to focus on overseas roll outs.[356][357][358] The first six units were delivered in the U.S. in September 2015.[359] A variant with a larger 100 kW·h battery pack was introduced in August 2016.[151] Global sales passed the 10,000 unit mark in August 2016.[360] Global deliveries totaled 25,524 units through December 2016.[49] The United States is its main market with 18,240 units delivered through December 2016.[49][361]
BYD e5		BEV	Not available	220 km (137 mi)[362]	Launched in China in September 2015, with 1,426 units sold in 2015.[363] A total of 14,645 units have been sold in China through November 2016.[106][272][274]
BMW X5 xDrive40e		PHEV	Starts at US$63,095[364]	23 km (14 mi)[365]	The production version was unveiled at the 2015 Shanghai Motor Show.[366] Retail deliveries in the U.S. began in October 2015.[367] A total of 285 units have been sold in the U.S. through November 2015,[234] and 371 in Europe through October 2015.[243]
Hyundai Sonata PHEV		PHEV	Not available	43 km (27 mi)[368]	The Sonata PHEV was released in the U.S. in November 2015 with 15 units delivered during its first month in the American market.[369]
Volvo S60L PHEV		PHEV	Not available	53 km (33 mi)[370]	The first 181 S60L PHEVs were delivered in China in November 2015.[371]
BMW 330e iPerformance		PHEV	US$44,695[372]	23 km (14 mi)[373]	The first units were delivered in Europe by late 2015. A total of 68 units were sold in the Netherlands by the end of 2015.[170] Retail sales in the U.S. are scheduled to begin by mid-2016.[372]
Detroit Electric SP.01		BEV	US$135,000[374]	290 km (180 mi)[374]	Sales in the United States were scheduled to begin in August 2013.[374][375] Production was delayed because, as of August 2013, the company had not been able to secure an agreement for a manufacturing facility.[376] In 2015 the production facility was finally located in Leamington Spa, UK, and manufacturing began in late 2015. The first production unit was exported to China in February 2016 to be used as a demonstrator.[377]
BYD Qin EV300		BEV	259,800 rmb (~US$40,200)[378]	300 km (190 mi)[379]	Launched in China in March 2016.[378] A total of 10,137 units were sold in China between March and November 2016.[106][272][274]
Mercedes-Benz GLC 350 e		PHEV	Not available	31 km (19 mi)	Sales of the plug-in hybrid started in Germany in 2016.[380] A total of 15 units have been registered in Germany through May 2016.[381]
Mercedes-Benz GLE 550e		PHEV	Not available	12 km (7.5 mi)[382]	The first 19 units were delivered in the American market in June 2016.[383]
Hyundai Ioniq Electric		BEV	US$29,500[384]	180 km (110 mi)[385]	The Ioniq Electric was released in South Korea in July 2016, and sold over 1,000 units during its first two months in the market.[386] Sales are scheduled to begin in the U.S. in the third quarter of 2017.[387] Global sales totaled 6,797 units through February 2017.[388]
BMW 740e iPerformance		PHEV	€91,900[389] (~US$101,000)	23 km (14 mi)[390]	Sales of the 740e iPerformance began in Germany in July 2016.[389] Deliveries in China began in September 2016.[391]
Toyota Prius Prime (2nd gen. Prius PHV)		PHEV	US$27,950[392]	40 km (25 mi)[392]	Retail deliveries began in the U.S. in November 2016. A total of 781 units were sold during its first month in the American market, setting a new record monthly sales volume debut for any plug-in electric car released in the U.S.[393] The second generation Prius PHV was released in Japan on 15 February 2017.[394] Retail deliveries are scheduled to begin in the UK in March 2017,[395] and in France in June 2017.[396]
Chevrolet Bolt EV Opel Ampera-e		BEV	US$37,500[397]	383 km (238 mi) (EPA)[398] 500 km (310 mi) (NEDC)[399]	Retail deliveries began in the U.S. in December 2016.[400] The European version, marketed as the Opel Ampera-e, will go into production in 2017.[401] As of January 2017, a total of 1,741 units have been sold in the U.S.[402][403]
Cadillac CT6 Plug-in Hybrid		PHEV	China CN¥558,800 ( ~US$80,408) U.S. US$76,090[404]	60 km (37 mi)[405]	Released in the Chinese market in December 2016. Sales in the U.S. are scheduled to begin in the second quarter of 2017.[404]
Kia Optima PHEV		PHEV	Not available	43 km (27 mi)[406]	Retail deliveries began in the U.S. in January 2017 with 40 units sold.[403]
Hyundai Ioniq Plug-in		PHEV	Not available	50 km (31 mi)[407]	The plug-in variant was released in February 2017.[388] Sales are scheduled to begin in the U.S. in the fourth quarter of 2017.[387]
Tesla Model 3		BEV	US$35,000 to US$50,000[408]	50 kW·h: 220 mi (350 km)[408] 75 kW·h: 310 mi (500 km)[408]	Deliveries began in the U.S. in July 2017.[409] Retail deliveries in Europe and China began in February 2019.[410][411] The Model 3 surpassed the Leaf in early 2020 to become the world's all-time best selling plug-in electric car, with more than 500,000 units sold by March 2020.[47] The Model 3 was the world's top selling plug-in electric car in 2018 and 2019.[412][413]
Chrysler Pacifica Hybrid		PHEV	US$41,995[414]	53 km (33 mi)[415]	A two-year demonstration program with 25 E85 flexible-fuel Chrysler Town & Country plug-in minivans began in April 2012. The first units were delivered in Auburn Hills, Michigan and Charlotte, North Carolina.[416][417] The plug-in hybrid version of the next-generation Chrysler Pacifica minivan, marketed as Pacifica Hybrid, was shown at the 2016 Detroit Auto Show with a U.S. release scheduled for the second half of 2016.[418]
Range Rover Sport P400e		PHEV	GB£72,185 GB£380/month[419]	50 km (31 mi)[419]	In the P400e, the hybrid system can adapt electric motor usage to match journey characteristics by being linked to the car's sat-nav system.[419] This 400-plus horsepower luxury SUV has a CO2 emissions of 73g/km.
Notes: PHEV: Plug-in hybrid vehicle, BEV: Battery electric vehicle or electric car. (1) Plug-in conversions are not included. (2) Sales price does not reflect any government incentives or tax credits, except where noted. Prices are shown for comparison purposes only. Actual price may vary by country and by dealership.(3) U.S. price (4) US$32,780 is U.S. price, ¥3.76 million (US$40,500) in Japan, €32,839 (US$40,800) in the Netherlands and €34,955 (US$43,400) in Portugal, all before any government incentive and exchange rate as of May 18, 2010.

Models out of production (1970–2020)

List of PEV automobiles, pickups, vans and SUVs commercially produced from 1970
Model	Type of PEV⁽¹⁾	Original MRSP⁽²⁾ /Lease per month (current $)	Range (EV mode for PHEVs)	Comments
Models out of production (1970–2017)
Enfield 8000	BEV	GB£2,808	~56 km (35 mi)	British city car produced from 1973 to 1977 on the Isle of Wight and Syros. 120 units produced.[420]
Zagato Zele	BEV	US$2,995 (1000 Series) US$3,395 (2000 Series)	80 km (50 mi)	Italian microcar produced from 1974 to 1976. Sold in Europe as well as the United States as the Zagato Elcar. Approximately 500 units produced.[421]
Citicar	BEV	US$2,690	~80 km (50 mi)	American microcar produced from 1974 to 1977. An upgrade version was later produced as the Comuta-Car until 1979.[421] Accounting all variants, a total of 4,444 units were produced, the most since 1945 from an American manufacturer until surpassed by the Tesla Model S.[422]
Golf I CitySTROMer	BEV	45,000DM (~US$34,000)	60 km (37 mi)	Sold in Europe from 1984 to 1985. Around 100 production units were produced.[423]
Volkswagen Jetta citySTROMer	BEV	50,000DM (~US$37,000)	190 km (118 mi) (Lead-acid batteries) 249 km (155 mi) (Sodium-sulfur batteries)	Sold in Europe in from 1984 to at least 1987.[424]
VAZ-1111E	BEV	-	~62 mi (100 km)	Built on order in the Soviet Union (later Russia) from 1989 to 1998.[425]
Fiat Panda Elettra	BEV	€16,850 (~US$25,000)	100 km (62 mi)	Sold in Europe in 1990.[426]
Fiat Cinquecento Elettra	BEV	140,000 francs (~US$159,000)	100 km (62 mi) (Lead-acid batteries) 150 km (93 mi) (NiCd batteries)	Produced from 1992 to 1996, popular in Italy, France and Switzerland.[427] A total of 45 units were registered in Norway.[5]
Renault Clio Electrique	BEV	3,750,000 pesetas (~US$30,800)[428]	85 km (53 mi)[429]	Approximately 1000 units sold from 1992 to 1996, mostly in Sweden.[430][431] A total of 26 units were registered in Norway between 1996 and 2002.[5]
Škoda Favorit Eltra 151 & 151L	BEV	25,000DM (~US$20,000)[432]	80 km (50 mi)[432]	Produced from 1992–1993; sold in Western Europe.[433]
Chrysler TEVan	BEV	US$120,000	80 km (50 mi)	Only 56 units produced between 1993 and 1995. Sold primarily to electric utilities in the U.S.
Citroën AX Electrique	BEV	-	100 km (62 mi)	Around 300 units produced from 1995 to 1996.[434]
PIVCO CityBee (PIV3)	BEV	-	-	Third generation EV from PIVCO, but the first to move beyond prototype status and serial production. Around 115 units produced between 1995 and 1996, mainly for public carsharing programs throughout California and Scandinavia. 35 united were deployed in San Francisco and 60 in Oslo, while additional units were sold in Stockholm and Stavanger.[435]
Volkswagen Golf Mk3 citySTROMer	BEV	49,500DM (~US$37,000)	90 km (56 mi)	Sold in Europe in from 1995 to 1998 with around 300 produced.[436] A total of 13 units were registered in Norway between 1995 and 1999 [5]
Fiat Seicento Elettra	BEV	€21,000 (~US$29,000)[437]	90 km (56 mi)	Produced from 1995 to 2005, sold throughout Western Europe.[438]
Citroën Saxo Electrique/Peugeot 106 Electrique	BEV	-	109 km (68 mi)	Produced from 1996 to 2003 and sold only in Europe, with approximately 12,000 units made.[439][440] A total of 221 Citroën Saxo Electrique and 210 Peugeot 106 Electrique cars were registered in Norway through September 2013.[5]
General Motors EV1	BEV	Leasing only US$349 to 499[441]	121 km (75 mi)	A total of 1,117 units leased in the U.S. from 1996 to 2003.[442] All cars were repossessed and most were crushed. About 40 units were delivered to museums and educational institutes with their electric powertrains deactivated. The only intact EV1 was donated to the Smithsonian Institution.[443]
Toyota RAV4 EV	BEV	Leasing only US$457[441]	160 km (100 mi)	A total of 1,484 units in the U.S. leased from 1997 to 2003. As of mid-2012, there were almost 500 units still in use.[444]
Nissan Altra	BEV	Leasing only US$599[441]	230 km (140 mi)	Produced from 1998 to 2001. A total of 81 units were leased in the U.S.[441]
Dodge Caravan EPIC	BEV	Leasing only US$450[441]	130 km (80 mi)	Produced from 1999 to 2001. Only 207 vans were produced for the U.S. market.[441]
Honda EV Plus	BEV	Leasing only US$455[441]	160 km (100 mi)	Around 276 units leased in the U.S. Production ended in 1999.[441][442]
Ford TH!NK City	BEV	Leasing only	~80 km (50 mi)[445]	Leased 440 units in the U.S. from 1999 until 2003.[442]
Nissan Hypermini	BEV	4,000,000 yen (~US$46,600)	114 km (71 mi)[446]	Sold and leased 219 units in Japan and the U.S. from 1999 to 2001.
Th!nk City	BEV	US$36,495⁽³⁾	160 km (100 mi)	First launched in December 2008 but production was halted due to financial difficulties.[447] Production restarted in Finland in December 2009.[448] Sold in several European countries and the U.S.[449][450] In June 2011 Think Global filed for bankruptcy and production was halted.[451] The new owner scheduled to restart production in early 2012 with a refined Think City.[452] As of October 2010, a total of 2,500 units had been manufactured at Oslo-based TH!NK's production facility.[453] Between 2010 and 2011 a total of 121 units were sold in France.[454][455] Norway was the leading market with 1,120 units registered through September 2013.[5]
Mini E	BEV	Leasing only US$850/month reduced to US$600 for 2nd year[456]	160 km (100 mi)	Field testing with 500 units began in the U.S. in June 2009 and ended in December 2011.[457][458] Testing in the U.K. began in December 2009 and ended in March 2011.[459] and Munich in September 2010.[460]
Tesla Roadster	BEV	US$109,500	365 km (227 mi)[461][462]	Production began in March 2008 and ended in January 2012.[463][464] More than 2,418 units were sold worldwide through September 2012. Most of the remaining Tesla Roadsters were sold in Europe and Asia during the fourth quarter of 2012.[465][466][467] The U.S. was the leading market with about 1,800 units sold.[468] A total of 575 units had been sold in Europe through October 2012.[89]
REVAi / G-Wiz REVA L-ion	BEV	US$12,500[469] to GB£15,795 (L-Ion)[470]	77 km (48 mi) 121 km (75 mi) (L-ion)	Launched in 2001, it was followed in January 2009 by the REVA L-ion. The car was available in 26 countries including India, the UK, Norway, France, Germany, Spain, Australia, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Nepal, Sri Lanka and the Philippines.[471][472] Production ended in 2012 and was replaced in 2013 by the Mahindra e2o.[473] About 4,600 vehicles were sold worldwide by late 2013, with India as its main market with 55% of global sales.[474] Sales in the UK, one of its main markets, ended by late 2011.[475]
BYD F3DM	PHEV	149,800 yuan (~US$21,900) US market: US$28,800 Spain:€27,585	97 km (60 mi)[476]	The F3DM is the world's first mass-produced plug-in hybrid automobile.[477][478] The F3DM was launched in December 2008 for the Chinese market for fleet customers and in March 2010 to the general public in Shenzhen.[479][480] Sales in Spain began in August 2011.[481] Sales in the U.S. were scheduled for 2012 but never took place.[476][482] Since 2008 a total of 3,284 F3DMs were sold in China through October 2013.[483][484][485][486] Due to low sales, the F3DM will be replaced by the BYD Qin plug-in hybrid.[487] As of May 2013, the F3DM was no longer in production, but the remaining stock was still on sale as of October 2013.[488]
Coda	BEV	US$37,250 [489] (basic model)	142 km (88 mi)[490]	After rescheduling the market launch several times, deliveries to retail customers in the United States began in March 2012.[491] The car was sold only in California and 117 units were delivered through April 2013.[492] By September 2013, a total of 50 cars left in stock and 100 gliders were available for sale at a discounted price in the U.S. and abroad.[493]
Fisker Karma	PHEV	US$102,000 (basic model) US$116,000 (top model)[494]	51 km (32 mi)	The first deliveries in the United States took place in late July 2011,[495] but deliveries to retail customers began in November 2011.[496] Production was suspended in November 2012 due to financial difficulties.[497] Fisker Automotive filed for bankruptcy in November 2013.[498] About 2,450 Karmas were built since 2011.[499] As a result of flash floods caused by Hurricane Sandy, 16 Karmas caught fire and another 330 units were lost when an entire shipment from Europe was flooded.[500][501] Sales were led by the United States with about 1,600 units sold.[468] A total of 533 units were sold in Europe through December 2014. The Netherlands was the top selling European market for the Karma, with 188 units,[502] followed by Switzerland with 67 units,[503] and Belgium with 65 units sold through December 2013.[504][505] Sales in Canada totaled 90 units through December 2013.[506][507]
BMW ActiveE	BEV	Leasing only US$499/month for 24 months + US$2,250 downpayment[508]	151 km (94 mi)[509]	Field testing in the U.S. began in January 2012, after the Mini E trial ended.[458] Available only in Los Angeles, New York, San Diego, San Francisco, Sacramento, Boston, and select markets in Connecticut.[510] This was a demonstration program only with no plans for a production version. The ActiveE was followed by mass-production of the BMW i3 electric car. A total of 671 units were leased in the U.S. through September 2013.[90][511]
Lumeneo Neoma	BEV	€21,700 (~US$28,900)+ a monthly fee for the battery[512]	140 km (87 mi)[512]	Sales began in France in May 2013. The battery was leased for €145 per month.[512] Only 3 units were sold during its first month in the market.[513] After selling only 10 units Lumeneo filed for bankruptcy in November 2013.[514]
Wheego Whip LiFe	BEV	US$32,995	160 km (100 mi)	U.S. sales began in April 2011.[515] About 400 units were sold through 2013, when production ended.[516]
Mia electric	BEV	€19,500 US$25,700	130 km (81 mi)[517]	Production began in June 2011 and sales were limited to fleet customers in France and Germany. Sales to the public started in 2012.[518] A total of 660 passenger cars were sold in Europe through October 2012.[89] Also, 123 units of the Mia U box van were sold in Europe through October 2012.[89] France was the leading market with 843 units registered since 2011 through March 2014.[513] Production stopped in December 2013 due to financial problems.[519] The Tribunal de Commerce de Niort placed the company in judicial liquidation in March 2014.[520]
Honda Fit EV	BEV	Leasing only US$389/month for 3 years [521]	132 km (82 mi)[522]	Production will be limited to only 1,100 units over the first three years. Deliveries to retail customers in the U.S. began in July 2012 with availability limited to California and Oregon.[521] Sales were scheduled to begin in selected markets in Massachusetts, Connecticut, Maryland, New York, and New Jersey by late February 2013.[523] A total of 1,070 units were leased in the U.S. through April 2015.[90][119][166][524] In July 2014 Honda announced the end of production of the Fit EV for the 2015 model, together with the Honda Insight hybrid and the Honda FCX Clarity hydrogen fuel-cell car.[525] In March 2015 Honda offered a two-year lease extension to existing lessees, and also to new customers on used cars, at a reduced priced. In both cases there is no purchase option at the end of the lease.[526] The Fit EV was released through leasing to local government and corporate customers in Japan in August 2012. Availability in Japan was limited to 200 units during its first two years.[527]
RAV4 EV second generation	BEV	US$49,800[528]	166 km (103 mi)[529]	A demonstration program took place in 2011 with 35 converted RAV4s.[530] U.S. sales began in late September 2012.[531] Produced jointly by Toyota and Tesla Motors.[532][533] Production was limited to 2,600 units through 2014 and was available only in California.[528][534] The battery supply deal between Toyota and Tesla concluded at the end of 2014.[535] The production run ended in September 2014.[536] A total of 2,489 units were sold in the U.S. through April 2015.[90][166][524]
Porsche 918 Spyder	PHEV	US$845,000[537]	19 km (12 mi)[538]	Porsche limited production to 918 units, sold as a 2014 model year. The supercar is capable of reaching 100 mph (160 km/h) in all-electric mode.[537] Retail deliveries began in Europe in May 2014. Deliveries in the United States began in June 2014.[539] The entire production run was sold out in December 2014. The country with the most orders was the United States with 297 units.[540] Production ended in June 2015.[541] The United States is the leading market with 231 units delivered through June 2015.[542] A total of 19 units had been delivered in Canada by the end of June 2015.[542] As of October 2014, a total of 9 units were registered in Switzerland,[543] 6 in the Netherlands,[544] and 4 in Sweden.[545]
McLaren P1	PHEV	GB£866,000[546] (~ US$1.3 million)	31 km (19 mi)[547]	Deliveries to retail customers started in the UK in October 2013.[548] Production is limited to 375 units to maintain exclusivity.[549] The entire production was sold out by mid November 2013.[550] The production run ended in December 2015.[551] According to JATO Dynamics, only 20 units were registered worldwide during the first nine months of 2014.[325] The United States accounted for 34% of the limited production run, and Europe for 26%.[551] About 127 units sold in the United States through December 2015.[551] As of October 2014, a total of 12 P1s were registered in Switzerland during 2014.[543]
Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Electric Drive	BEV	€416,500 (US$544,236) in Germany[552]	250 km (160 mi)[553]	Limited production. Sales began in Europe in June 2013.[554] Fewer than 100 units were sold.[555]
Audi R8 e-tron	BEV	€1000000 (US$1.1 million)[556]	450 km (280 mi)[557]	Available only in Europe in 2015. Less than 100 units were sold.[556]
BMW i8 Coupé BMW i8 Roadster	PHEV	US$135,925 (~ €103,000 GB£86,800)[558]	37 km (23 mi)(NEDC)[559] 24 km (15 mi) (EPA)[560]	Retail deliveries began in Germany in June 2014,[561] and in the U.S. started in August 2014.[562] Deliveries of the roadster variant began in May 2018.[563] Global sales to retail customers totaled more than 20,000 units by March 2020, and production ended in April 2020.[564] The United States was the leading market with 6,776 units sold through December 2019.[565]

Models for testing and pre-production

List of PEV automobiles, pickups, vans and SUVs developed for field testing and pre-production (2009–2017)
Model	Type of PEV⁽¹⁾	Original MRSP⁽²⁾ /Lease per month (current $)	Range (EV mode for PHEVs)	Comments
PEVs currently undergoing field testing or demonstration programs
Ford Escape Plug-in Hybrid	PHEV	Not available	48 km (30 mi)	Field testing with 20 units began in 2009 with utility company fleets in the U.S. and Canada.[566]
Volvo V70 Plug-in Hybrid	PHEV	Not available	20 to 30 km (12 to 19 mi)	Field testing with two demonstrators in Göteborg, Sweden since December 2009.[567] Sales of a series production diesel-electric plug-in hybrid scheduled as early as 2012.[568]
Suzuki Swift Range Extender	PHEV	Not available	25.5 km (15.8 mi)[569]	Field testing with 60 units in Japan was scheduled for late 2010.[570] Initially sales were slated for 2013.[571] In March 2014 Maruti Suzuki announced that it will provide several copies of the production version, renamed Swift Range Extender, as part of a pilot project to be conducted in partnership with the Indian government during 2014–15.[569]
Audi A1 e-tron	PHEV	Not available	50 km (31 mi)	Field testing planned for late 2010 with 20 units in Munich.[572]
Hyundai BlueOn	BEV	Not available	138 km (86 mi)	Field testing with 30 units in South Korea by late 2010. Sales scheduled by late 2012 limited to domestic market.[573]
Tata Indica Vista EV	BEV	GB£29,000[574]	180 km (110 mi)	Field testing in the West Midlands began in April 2011 with 25 units. Market launch in the UK was scheduled for mid-2011 and postponed. Demonstration program in the UK will continue with Tata employees.[575][576]
Dodge Ram 1500 Plug-in Hybrid	PHEV	Not available	32 km (20 mi)	Field testing in the United States with 140 units began in 2011 with local and state governments, utility companies, and a U.S. Army base. This is a demonstration program only, and Chrysler has no plans for a production version.[577][578] In September 2012 Chrysler halted the program and recalled all 109 units deployed at the time due to damage sustained by three separate pickup trucks when their 12.9-kilowatt-hour battery packs overheated. The carmaker plans to upgrade the battery packs with cells that use a different lithium-ion chemistry before the vehicles go back on service. Also 23 Chrysler Town & Country plug-in hybrids part of the program were recalled, even though no minivans were involved in any fire incidents.[579]
Mercedes A-Class E-Cell	BEV	Leasing only (pricing not available)	124.3 mi (200 km)	Demonstration program with 500 cars was scheduled to begin in September 2011 in several European countries, including Germany, France, and the Netherlands.[580][581]
Volkswagen Golf Variant Twin Drive	PHEV	Not available	57 km (35 mi)	Field testing with 20 research vehicles began in early 2011.[582] Production is expected for 2015.[583]
Saab 9-3 ePower	BEV	Not available	200 km (124 mi)	Field testing with 70 ePower demonstrators in Sweden was scheduled for late 2011.[584] It is unknown how many cars were built before the carmaker went bankrupt.[585] The new owners, NEV Sweden, stated that they intend to start producing the all-electric 9-3 ePower to be launched in China in 2015. The production version is slated to be unveiled at the 2014 Frankfurt Motor Show.[586][587] In April 2014 NEV began production of a batch of 200 units to be tested in Qingdao, China by mid 2014. After the test, sales are scheduled to begin in Sweden in 2015.[588]
Kia Ray EV	BEV	Not available	138 km (86 mi)[589]	Production limited to 2,500 units to be delivered in 2012 for South Korea's government agencies use.[589] In May 2013 a carsharing service was rolled out in Seoul with 184 Kia Ray EVs. The service has 15,000 registered customers.[590] The Ray EV is a predecessor to an all-electric crossover that Kia is expected to launch globally in 2014.[591]
Scion iQ EV (U.S.) Toyota eQ (Japan)	BEV	¥3.6 million (~US$45,000)[592]	80 km (50 mi)[593]	Initially Toyota announced that production would be limited to 600 units, with 400 staying in Japan, 100 units destined to the U.S. and another 100 for Europe.[594] In September 2012 Toyota announced that the iQ EV/eQ production would be still more limited, to about 100 units for special fleet use in Japan and the U.S. only.[592] The first 30 units were delivered to the University of California, Irvine in March 2013 for use in its Zero Emission Vehicle-Network Enabled Transport (ZEV-NET) carsharing fleet. Toyota announced that 90 out of the 100 vehicles produced globally will be placed in American carsharing demonstration projects.[593] In September 2013, another 30 units were allocated to City Carshare to operate Dash, a three-year pilot carsharing program in Hacienda Business Park, in Pleasanton, California.[595]
Sail Springo EV	BEV	RMB 258,000 (US$41,460)[596]	130 km (81 mi)[596]	11 units were deployed in 2012.[32] A limited number of cars are scheduled to be sold in Shanghai in 2013 as part of a trial program.[596]
PEVs with market launch scheduled between 2017–2020
BMW 530e iPerformance	PHEV	US$52,395[597]	30 km (19 mi)[597] (EPA)	The 530e iPerformance is scheduled to be released in Europe in March 2017 as part of the upcoming seventh generation BMW 5 Series lineup.[598]
Citroën C5 Aircross	PHEV	Not available	50 km (WLTP)	Launch in 2020
DS 7 Crossback	PHEV	Not available	50 km (WLTP)	Launch in 2019
DS 8	PHEV	Not available	50 km (WLTP)	Launch in 2019 or 2020[599]
MINI Cooper S E Countryman ALL4 plug-in hybrid	PHEV	Not available	40 km (25 mi)[600]	The MINI Cooper Countryman plug-in hybrid is scheduled to be released in June 2017.[601]
Mercedes-Benz GLC F-CELL	PHEV fuel cell vehicle	Not available	Not available	Sales of the plug-in hybrid fuel cell SUV are scheduled to start in 2017.[602]
Opel Grandland X	PHEV	Not available	50 km (WLTP)	Launch in 2019
Peugeot 508	PHEV	Not available	50 km (WLTP)	Launch in 2019
Peugeot 3008 Hybrid4	PHEV	Not available	50 km (WLTP)	Launch in 2019
Honda Clarity Electric	BEV	Not available	Not available	Sales are scheduled to begin in the U.S. in 2017.[603]
Honda Clarity Plug-in Hybrid	PHEV	Not available	64 km (40 mi)[603]	Sales are scheduled to begin in the U.S. in 2017, and available in all 50 states.[603]
Jaguar I-Pace	BEV	Not available	350 km (220 mi) (NEDC)	Production scheduled for 2018.[604]
Audi Q6 e-tron Quattro	BEV	Not available	500 km (310 mi)[605] (NEDC)	Production scheduled for 2018.[605]
Aston Martin RapidE	BEV	Not available	320 km (200 mi)[605] (NEDC)	Production scheduled for 2018.[605]
DS 3 Crossback e-Tense	BEV	Not available	over 300 km (WLTP)	Launch in 2019
Porsche Mission E	BEV	Not available	500 km (310 mi)[605] (NEDC)	Production scheduled for 2019.[605]
Mercedes-Benz Generation EQ	BEV	Not available	500 km (310 mi)[606] (NEDC)	Production scheduled for 2019.[605][606]
Opel/Vauxhall Adam[607]	BEV	Not available	Not available
Opel/Vauxhall Corsa	BEV	Not available	About 340 km (WLTP)	Launch in 2019[608]
Opel/Vauxhall Mokka	BEV	Not available	Not available	Launch in 2020[608]
Peugeot e-208	BEV	Not available	340 km (WLTP)	Launch in 2019
Peugeot e-2008	BEV	Not available	Not available	Launch in 2020
Notes: PHEV: Plug-in hybrid vehicle, BEV: Battery electric vehicle or electric car. (1) Plug-in conversions are not included. (2) Sales price does not reflect any government incentives or tax credits. Prices are shown for comparison purposes only. Actual price may vary by country, by region and by dealership.

Plug-in electric motorcycles commercially produced

List of PEV motorcycles commercially produced (1990–2019)
Model	Type of PEV⁽¹⁾	Original MRSP⁽²⁾ /Lease per month (current $)	Range (EV mode for PHEVs)	Comments
Models out of production
Peugeot Scoot'Elec	BEV	unknown	25 mi (40 km)[609]	Electric scooter with over 3,500 units sold from 1996 to 2006.[610]
Yamaha Passol	BEV	¥200,000 (US$1,625)[611]	32 km (20 mi)[611]	2002–2007; production halted after Li-ion battery recall
Yamaha EC-02	BEV	~US$2,000[612]	40 mi (64 km)[612]	Light electric motorcycle released in 2005 and discontinued in 2007. It glows in the dark and comes with iPod connectivity.
Models currently available in some markets
Ather 450	BEV	US$1,750[613]	46.6 mi (75.0 km)[614]	0-25 mph in 3.9 seconds. Sales began in September 2018.[615] Currently available in two Indian cities.[616]
Brammo Enertia	BEV	US$7,995[617]	40 mi (64 km)[618]	Sales began in July 2009,[619] and sales began at select Best Buy stores in August 2009.[620]
Piaggio MP3 Hybrid	PHEV	€9,000 (~US$11,600)[621]	12.5 mi (20.1 km)[621]	Plug-in hybrid three-wheel scooter sold in Europe.[621]
Evoke Urban S	BEV	€8,000before incentives and taxes	124 mi (200 km)[622]	Street fighter style smart electric motorcycle. First delivery Q1 2018 in Europe. Currently on sale in China. Currently the fastest production electric motorcycle produced in Asia.
Zero S	BEV	US$10,995[623]	50 mi (80 km)[623]	High speed motorcycle. Began shipping in 2009.
Zero DS	BEV	US$10,995[624]	50 mi (80 km)[624]	High speed motorcycle.
Zero X	BEV	US$7,495[625]	40 mi (64 km)[625]	Electric dirtbike, intended to be driven both on and offroad.
Zero MX	BEV	US$8,295[626]	40 mi (64 km)[626]	Electric dirtbike, intended to be driven both on and offroad.
Vectrix VX-1	BEV	US$10,495[627]	55 mi (89 km)[628]	American electric heavy-duty scooter. Bankrupt in 2013.
Yamaha EC-03	BEV	~US$2,915[629]	43 km (27 mi)[629]	Light electric motorcycle, released in July 2010 as a 2011 model.[629]
Brammo Enertia Plus	BEV	US$10,995[630]	75 mi (121 km) EPA city[630]	Light electric motorcycle. Deliveries commenced in late 2012.
Brammo Empulse	BEV	Empulse US$16,995 Empulse R US$18,995[631]	121 mi (195 km) EPA city 56 mi (90 km) constant 70 mph (110 km/h) [632]	Electric sportbike with six-speed gearbox. Deliveries commenced in late 2012.
VinFast Klara	BEV	US$1,505 - US$2,450	50 mi (80 km) 31 mph (50 km/h)	November 20, 2018 (2018-11-20)

Models in pre-production and testing

List of PEV motorcycles in field testing and pre-production (2007–2019)
Model	Type of PEV⁽¹⁾	Original MRSP⁽²⁾ /Lease per month (current $)	Range (EV mode for PHEVs)	Comments
PEVs currently undergoing field testing or demonstration programs
Suzuki e-Let's	BEV	unknown	19 mi (31 km) [633]	Currently testing on Japanese roads. Based on the Suzuki Let’s4 basket.[634]
PEVs with market launch scheduled between 2010–2012
Smart eScooter	BEV	unknown	62 mi (100 km)	4 kW scooter that currently exists as a concept vehicle but is likely to enter production. It features solar cells on the windscreen to trickle charge the batteries.[635][636][637]

Plug-in electric utility vehicles commercially produced

List of PEV utility vehicles commercially produced (1980–2017)
Model	Type of PEV⁽¹⁾	Original MRSP⁽²⁾ /Lease per month (current $)	Range (EV mode for PHEVs)	Comments
Models out of production
Citroën C15 Électrique	BEV	-	62 mi (100 km)	Electric van produced in 1989, with production totaling 400 units.[638]
Citroën C25 Électrique/Peugeot J5 Électrique	BEV	₣150,000 (~US$32,500)	62 mi (100 km)[612]	Large, heavy duty van sold mostly to government administrations. Produced from 1989 to 1991.[639]
Chevrolet S-10 EV	BEV	Sales and leasing US$440[441]	100 mi (160 km)	Electric pickup truck produced between 1997 and 1998. Out of 492 units produced about 60 were sold to fleet customers in the U.S.[441]
Ford Ranger EV	BEV	Sales and leasing US$349 to 450[441]	65 mi (105 km)	Electric pickup truck leased to 205 individuals and 1,500 units to fleets in the U.S. from 1998 to 2002.[441][442]
Renault Kangoo Électrique	BEV	-	62 mi (100 km)[640]	Electric van sold in Europe from 1998 to 2004, with an optional petrol range extender.[641]
Citroën Berlingo Électrique/Peugeot Partner Électrique	BEV	GB£15,895 (~US$25,500)	60 mi (97 km)[642]	Electric van sold in Europe from 1998 to 2005.[643]
Mercedes-Benz Vito 108E	BEV	-	81 mi (130 km)[644]	Large van designed for use by postal services.[645]
Modec EV	BEV	-	100 mi (160 km)	Around 400 units were produced between 2007 and 2010.[646] The technology was licensed to Navistar International in 2009 through a joint venture, and later Navistar bought the intellectual property rights from the bankruptcy administrators.[647] The Modec EV was produced in three version: a chassis cab, box van and a dropside.
Azure Transit Connect Electric	BEV	US$57,400	56 mi (90 km)	Deliveries for fleet customers in the U.S. and Canada began in December 2010.[648] Production of the electric van was stopped in March 2012 as a result of the company's bankruptcy protection filing. Ford continues to provide servicing.[649] Around 500 units were sold before Azure stopped production.[650]
Boulder DV-500	BEV	US$100,000[651]	120 mi (190 km)	First deliveries of the all-electric van in the U.S. took place in January 2012.[652] The EV was available in four configurations: delivery van, 15 passenger shuttle, service body and flat bed.[653] Boulder Electric Vehicles ended production in September 2014.[654]
Models currently available in some markets (2006–2017)
Smith Newton	BEV	Starts at GB£78,400[655]	55 to 110 mi (89 to 177 km)[656]	First deliveries took place in the UK in 2006 and is sold worldwide. The Newton is available with three different payload capacities from 6,100 to 16,200 lb (2,800 to 7,300 kg).[656]
Smith Edison	BEV	Starts at GB£57,566[655]	40 to 120 mi (64 to 193 km)[656]	The Newton is available as a chassis cab, delivery van and minibus, with payload capacities from 1,600 to 5,100 lb (730 to 2,310 kg). Sold worldwide except in the U.S.[656]
Mercedes-Benz Vito E-Cell	BEV	Not available	80 mi (130 km)	Serial production began with 100 vehicles by late 2010 and 2,000 vehicles planned to be produced in 2011. Based on the Ford Transit chassis, is available for fleet rentals in Europe on a trial basis.[657][658] A total of 172 units have been registered in Europe through October 2012.[89]
Navistar eStar	BEV	US$150,000[659]	100 mi (160 km)	Production of the all-electric van began in the U.S. in March 2010 under license from Modec and first deliveries began two months later.[660] Navistar bought the intellectual property rights in 2011.[647] Around 100 units were built during 2011.[661]
Mitsubishi Minicab MiEV	BEV	¥2,400,000 to ¥2,971,000 (~US$31,131 to US$38,538) depending on battery size[662]	62 mi (100 km) (10.5 kWh model) 93 mi (150 km) (16.0 kWh model)[662]	Testing began on Japanese roads in October 2010 and was released in the domestic market in December 2011.[663][664] A total of 4,984 units have been sold in Japan through April 2014.[665] A utility truck version of the Minicab MiEV was launched in January 2013,[666] with sales totaling 625 units through April 2014.[665]
Citroën Berlingo Électrique/Peugeot Partner Électrique	BEV	€25,200 HT[667]	170 km (110 mi)[667]	Since 2013, with Mitsubishi technology.
Renault Kangoo Z.E.	BEV	€20,000 + a €72/month fee for the battery (France) [668] GB££21,038 + a GB£78/month fee for the battery (UK)[669]	170 km (110 mi)[668]	Available for sale in several European countries. Monthly battery fees vary depending on annual mileage. The Kangoo Z.E. is the market leader of the small all-electric van segment. Global cumulative sales passed the 10,000 mark in early September 2013.[670] The Kangoo Z.E. is also the best selling all-electric vehicle in France with 9,125 units sold through June 2014.[454][671][672][673] Global sales reached 23,219 units through June 2016.[674]
Nissan e-NV200	BEV	€25,058[675] (US$34,950) in Germany	170 km (110 mi) NEDC[675]	Trials with Japan Post Service began in July 2011, followed by trials with FedEx in London starting in December 2011.[676][677][678] More testing with a more advanced pre-production version took place in Singapore, the UK, the U.S. and Brazil.[679][680][681] A more extensive 6-month trial with 28 units delivered to British Gas began in the UK in November 2013.[682] The production version was unveiled at the 2013 Tokyo Motor Show. The e-NV200 was released in Europe in June 2014, followed by Japan in October 2014.[683] Over 5,200 units have been sold worldwide by October 2015, with 4,752 sold in Europe and about 500 in Japan.[243][306][684] The e-NV200 was the top selling electric commercial van in Europe in 2016 with 4,319 units delivered.[179][685]
BYD M3DM	PHEV	-	-	Plug-in hybrid van featuring a 1.5L turbo engine coupled with a 110 kW electric motor. It is based on the Nissan e-NV200.[686]
Mahindra eSupro	EV	₹845,000[687]	~150 km (93 mi)[687]	Compact van available in passenger and cargo variants.[687]
Notes: PHEV: Plug-in hybrid vehicle, BEV: Battery electric vehicle or electric car. (1) Plug-in conversions are not included. (2) Sales price does not reflect any government incentives or tax credits.

Models in pre-production and testing

PEVs with market launch scheduled between 2014–2017
Model	Type of PEV⁽¹⁾	Original MRSP⁽²⁾ /Lease per month (current $)	Range (EV mode for PHEVs)	Comments
PEVs currently undergoing field testing or demonstration programs
Citroën Berlingo III	BEV	Not available	Not available	[688]
Citroën Jumpy III	BEV	Not available	Not available	Launch in 2020[689]
Citroën Jumper II	BEV	Not available	Not available	Launch in 2020[688]
Opel Combo E	BEV	Not available	Not available	[688]
Opel Vivaro C	BEV	Not available	Not available	Launch in 2020[689]
Peugeot Partner III	BEV	Not available	Not available	[688]
Peugeot Expert III	BEV	Not available	Not available	Launch in 2020[689]
Peugeot Boxer II	BEV	Not available	Not available	Launch in 2020[688]
Toyota ProAce II	BEV	Not available	Not available	Launch in 2020[689]
VIA Motors Vtrux Plug-in Hybrid	PHEV	expected US$79,000	up to 40 mi (64 km) [690]	Fleet Deliveries expected in 2014. Private Customer Deliveries expected in 2015.[691]
Volkswagen e-Crafter	BEV	NA	208 km (129 mi).[692]	Retail deliveries slated for 2017.[692]

Electric bicycles

Electric bicycles can be separated into different categories. The amount just of Pedelec models currently and past available in Europe is about 12000.[693]

E-bikes with pedal-assist only: either pedelecs (legally classed as bicycles) or S-Pedelecs (often legally classed as mopeds)
- Pedelecs: have pedal-assist only, motor assists only up to a decent but not excessive speed (usually 25 km/h), motor power up to 250 watts, often legally classed as bicycles
- S-Pedelecs: have pedal-assist only, motor power can be greater than 250 watts, can attain a higher speed (e.g., 45 km/h) before motor stops assisting, legally classed as a moped or motorcycle (not a bicycle)
E-bikes with power-on-demand and pedal-assist
E-bikes with power-on-demand only: often have more powerful motors than pedelecs but not always, the more powerful of these are legally classed as mopeds or motorcycles

References

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Jeff Cobb (2015-11-04). "GM Sells Its 100,000th Volt in October". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2015-11-04. About 102,000 units of the Volt/Ampera family have been sold worldwide by the end of October 2015.
Cobb, Jeff (2016-12-12). "Chevy Volt and Nissan Leaf Celebrate Their Sixth-Year Anniversary". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-12-14.
Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland (RVO) (January 2015). "Cijfers elektrisch vervoer - Top 5 geregistreerde modellen plug-in hybride elektrische voertuigen (31-12-2014)" [Figures electric transport - Top 5 registered plug-in electric hybrid vehicle models (12-31-2014)] (PDF) (in Dutch). RVO (Dutch National Office for Enterprising). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-06-14. Retrieved 2015-06-14.
RAI (January 2016). "Nieuwverkoop Personenautos Per Merk/Model - 2015/12 2015 totaal" [New passenger cars sales by brand/model 2015/12 2015 total] (in Dutch). RAI Vereniging. Archived from the original on 2016-03-06. Retrieved 2016-03-13.
RAI (January 2015). "Verkoopstatistieken" [Sales Statistics] (PDF) (in Dutch). RAI Vereniging. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-07-09. Retrieved 2016-03-13. Download the pdf file for detailed sales by model during 2014: "nieuwverkoop personenautos 201412 Archived 2015-02-01 at the Wayback Machine".
"Verkoopcijfers stekkerauto's 2013: de eindsprint" [Plug-in car sales in 2013: the final sprint] (in Dutch). Groen7. 2014-01-07. Retrieved 2016-03-13. The table shows sales by models for 2011, 2012 and 2013.
Kraftfahrt-Bundesamt (KBA) (January 2016). "Neuzulassungen von Personenkraftwagen nach Segmenten und Modellreihen im Dezember 2015" [New registrations of passenger cars by segments and models in December 2015] (PDF) (in German). KBA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-01-10. Retrieved 2016-01-17. A total of 2,271 i3s and 393 i8s were registered in Germany in 2015.
RAC Foundation. "Plug-in grant eligible vehicles licensed". UK: RAC Foundation. Retrieved 2016-03-26. Figures correspond to the number of vehicles registered at the end of the corresponding month.
Staff (2014-07-23). "Opel plans 'electric' successor to Ampera plug-in hybrid". Automotive News. Retrieved 2014-07-23.
Jeffrey N. Ross (2015-05-21). "Last First-Gen Chevy Volt Rolls Off The Assembly Line". TopSpeed.com. Retrieved 2015-06-14.
Eric Loveday (2015-03-30). "Pre-Production 2016 Chevrolet Volts Now Being Built – Pricing Announcement Expected Next Month". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 2015-03-31.
Mike Millikin (2015-01-12). "Next-gen Chevy Volt EREV is more efficient, with 50-mile electric range". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2015-06-20.
Mike Costello (2015-04-25). "The Holden Volt is dead". Car Advice. Retrieved 2015-04-26.
Jeff Cobb (2015-11-03). "2016 Volts Account For 1,324 Sales Out Of 2,035 October Deliveries". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2015-11-03.
Klippenstein, Matthew (2015-11-06). "Plug-in Electric Car Sales in Canada, October 2015: The Wallet Ballot". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2015-11-07.
Andrew Anthony (2009-03-21). "Smart Fortwo Ed: Is the future a Smart one?". London: The Guardian. Retrieved 2010-06-10.
"250 Smart EDs coming to U.S. this fall with $599/month leases attached". AutoblogGreen. 2010-06-10. Retrieved 2010-06-11.
Karla Sanchez (2012-10-04). "Smarter Car: 2013 Smart Fortwo Electric Drive Starts at $25,750 – Photos Galore". Motor Trend. Retrieved 2012-10-10.
"smart fortwo electric drive Debuts in the US". Green Car Congress. 2010-06-09. Retrieved 2010-06-09.
Nick Chambers (2011-01-27). "Smart USA Delivers First ForTwo Electric Car—Also Available as a Convertible". PluginCars.com. Retrieved 2011-01-27.
Jay Cole (2013-05-05). "Another EV Hits US Shores, As Smart Sells 60 ForTwo Electric Drive Mini-Cars In May". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 2013-06-06.
"Third-generation smart fortwo electric drive to launch worldwide in spring 2012; first use of battery packs from Daimler JV Deutsche Accumotive and motor from JV EM-motive". Green Car Congress. 2011-08-16. Retrieved 2012-10-10.
Jeffrey N. Ross (2012-10-03). "Smart ForTwo Electric Drive will be cheapest EV at $25,000*". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2012-10-10.
Justin Aschard (2012-11-30). "Inmatriculations VP et VUL Europe 18 à fin Oct. 2012 (2010-2012)" [Registrations of passenger cars and utility vehicles in Europe 18 through October 2012 (2010-2012)] (PDF) (in French). France Mobilité Électrique. Retrieved 2012-12-05.
Jeff Cobb (2013-01-08). "December 2012 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2013-02-09. See the section: December 2012 Plug-in Electric Car Sales Numbers
"December 2011 Dashboard: Sales Still Climbing". HybridCARS.com. 2012-01-09. Archived from the original on 2012-01-12. Retrieved 2012-01-10.
Jose Pontes (2014-01-30). "World Top 20 December 2013 (Special Edition)". EV Sales. Retrieved 2014-02-06.
Jose Pontes (2014-07-30). "World Top 20 June 2014 (Special Edition)". EV Sales. Retrieved 2014-08-02. A total of 2,384 Smart EDs were sold worldwide in the first half of 2014.
Justin Aschard (2012-11-30). "Inmatriculations VP et VUL Allemagne à fin Oct. (2010-2012) 2012" [Registrations of passenger cars and utility vehicles in Germany through October 2012 (2010-2012)] (PDF) (in French). France Mobilité Électrique. Retrieved 2014-08-02. A total of 106 Smart EVs were registered in Germany in 2010.
Autobild (2012-01-12). "2011 Full Year Best-Selling Electric Cars in Germany in 2011". BestSellingCars.com. Retrieved 2014-07-08. A total of 328 Smart EVs were registered in Germany in 2011.
BestSellingCars.com (2013-05-03). "2012 (Full Year) Germany: Best-Selling Electric Car Models". BestSellingCars.com. Retrieved 2014-08-02. A total of 734 Smart EDs were registered in Germany in 2011.
Jose Pontes (2014-01-20). "Germany December 2013". EV Sales. Retrieved 2014-02-06.
Jose Pontes (2014-07-14). "Germany June 2014". EV Sales. Retrieved 2014-08-02. A total of 645 Smart EDs were sold in Germany in the first half of 2014.
Cole, Jay (2014-01-06). "December 2013 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Sales Report Card". InsideEvs.com. Retrieved 2014-01-07.
Jeff Cobb (2014-07-02). "June 2014 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2014-08-02. A total of 1,092 Smart EDs were sold in the U.S. during the first half of 2014. See section: "U.S. Battery Electric sales for June 2014"
John O'Dell (2011-03-25). "Volvo C30 EV-Is a $2,100 Monthly Lease Crazy, or Just Honest?". Archived from the original on 2011-06-20. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
"Volvo Car Corporation begins production of the Volvo C30 Electric for leasing customers in Europe". Green Car Congress. 2011-06-08. Retrieved 2011-06-10.
"2012 (Full Year) Sweden: Best-Selling Electric Cars & Plug-In Hybrid Models". BestSellingCars.com. 2013-04-02. Retrieved 2013-01-15.
"2013 (Q1) Sweden: Best-Selling Electric Cars and Plugin Hybrid Models". BestSellingCars.com. 2013-04-12. Retrieved 2013-04-15.
"First Pure-Electric Vehicle now available for Consumers in China". BYD Energy. 2011-10-27. Archived from the original on 2011-11-01. Retrieved 2011-10-29.
Cobb, Jeff (2016-11-07). "China's BYD Becomes World's Third-Largest Plug-in Car Maker". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-11-13. Qin sales totaled 18,391 units during the first three quarters of 2016, adding to a total 65,178 cumulative sales through September. Qin EV300 sales totaled 6,798 units between March 2016 with and September 2016.
Staff (2017-01-19). "Best-selling China-made EVs in 2016". China Auto Web. Retrieved 2017-01-25. Three BYD Auto models topped the Chinese ranking of best-selling new energy passenger cars in 2016. The BYD Tang SUV was the top selling plug-in electric car in China in 2016 with 31,405 units sold, followed by the BYD Qin with 21,868 units sold, and ranking third overall in 2016 was the BYD e6 with 20,605 units.
Michaël Torregrossa (2013-02-21). "Voiture électrique – La Bluecar de Bolloré disponible pour 12.000 €" [Electric Cars - Bolloré Bluecar available for € 12,000] (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). Retrieved 2013-03-16.
Richard Lord (2011-12-05). "Autolib' electric car sharing service launches in Paris, France". Sustainable Guernsey. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
Laurent Lepsch (2012-10-08). "Louez une Bluecarpour 500 € par mois" [Lease a Bluecar for €500 per month] (in French). Auto News. Retrieved 2012-10-12.
Anthony Buttriss (2013-02-01). "Bluecar: La Voiture Électrique La Plus Immatriculée de France" [Bluecar: Top electric cars registrations in France] (in French). France Mobilité Électrique. Retrieved 2013-02-09.
Yoann Nussbaumer (2013-01-16). "+115% pour les ventes de voitures électriques en France pour 2012" [Electric car sales in France increased 115% in 2012] (in French). Automobile Propre. Archived from the original on 2013-01-25. Retrieved 2013-02-09.
Jonathan Schultz (2011-11-02). "Ford Focus Electric to Be Priced at $39,995". The New York Times. Retrieved 2011-11-02.
"2018 Ford Focus Electric Reviews | Ford Focus Electric Price, Photos, and Specs".
Keith Naughton (2012-03-02). "Ford Says Focus Electric Car Rated at 105 MPG Equivalent by EPA". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 2012-03-02.
"2017 Ford Focus Electric preview".
John Voelcker (2012-03-09). "2012 Ford Focus Electric: 105 MPGe, 76-Mile Range...10 Sales". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2012-03-16.
Eric Loveday (2012-05-21). "It's Official: Ford Now Shipping Focus Electric to US Dealerships". PluginCars.com. Retrieved 2012-05-21.
Jeff Cobb (2014-01-06). "December 2013 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2014-01-07.
"Chevy Volt continues to lead plug-in sales in US in July". Green Car Congress. 2012-08-03. Retrieved 2012-08-04. 8 unites were delivered in December 2011.
Jeff Cobb (2014-10-02). "September 2014 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2014-10-25. See sections: "U.S. Plug-in Hybrid sales for September 2014" and "U.S. Battery Electric sales for September 2014"
Eric Loveday (2011-03-03). "Renault, Better Place launch "unlimited mileage" electric car in Copenhagen for $38,000-plus". AutoblogGreen. Retrieved 2011-05-06.
Isabel Kershner (2013-05-26). "Israeli Venture Meant to Serve Electric Cars Is Ending Its Run". The New York Times. Retrieved 2013-05-27.
Niv Elis (2013-05-26). "Death of Better Place: Electric car co. to dissolve". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2013-05-30.
Tony Lewis (2014-11-26). "Renault-Nissan sell 200,000 EVs in four years". Just Auto. Retrieved 2014-11-29.
Mark Kane (2014-11-22). "Renault Electric Car Sales Quietly Surpass 50,000". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 2014-11-29.
Groupe Renault (November 2014). "Ventes Mensuelles" [Monthly Sales] (in French). Renault.com. Retrieved 2014-11-29. Click on "Ventes mensuelles du groupe (décembre 2011) (xls, 183 Ko)" "Ventes mensuelles (décembre 2012) (xls, 289 Ko)" - Ventes mensuelles (décembre 2013) (xlsx, 227 Ko)" - "Ventes mensuelles (octobre 2014) (XLSX - 219 Ko)" to download the files for 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 sales, and open the tab "Sales by Model".
Sebastian Blanco (2011-09-16). "Toyota Plug-in Prius priced at $32,000* and Prius V from $26,400*". AutoblogGreen. Retrieved 2011-09-16.
Toyota News Release (2012-02-28). "Prius Plug-In eligibile for a $1,500 California consumer incentive plus $2,500 Federal tax credit". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2012-02-28.
Stephen Munday (2011-09-30). "Prius Plug-In Hybrid On Sale January in Japan – Charging Stations at 5,500 Dealerships and Car Rental Locations". Integrity Exports. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
"Toyota introduces 2012 Prius Plug-in Hybrid". Green Car Congress. 2011-09-17. Retrieved 2011-09-17.
Toyota Motor Europe (2012-07-13). "Solid 13% Q2 sales increase for Toyota and Lexus vehicles in Europe". Toyota Media Press Release. Archived from the original on 2015-10-16. Retrieved 2012-08-06.
Philippe Crowe (2012-09-07). "Prius Plug-in Hybrid Now Available In Canada". HybridCars.com. Archived from the original on 2012-09-09. Retrieved 2012-09-11.
Brad Berman (2015-05-01). "Toyota Halts Production of Prius Plug-in Hybrid Until Late 2016". Plugincars.com. Retrieved 2015-06-20.
Hans Greimel (2014-06-30). "Next-gen Prius launch delayed 6 months". Automotive News. Retrieved 2015-06-20.
"Worldwide Sales of Toyota Hybrids Surpass 9 Million Units" (Press release). Toyota City, Japan: Toyota. 2016-05-20. Retrieved 2016-05-22.
Undercoffler, David (2016-02-01). "Toyota's fuel-thrifty Prius family may shrink as automaker ponders strategy". Automotive News. Retrieved 2016-03-25. Prius PHV sales totaled 42,293 units through December 2015.
Cobb, Jeff (2016-05-04). "April 2016 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2016-05-07. During the first fourth months of 2016, ELR sales in the U.S. totaled 357 units and Prius PHV 27 units.
Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland (RVO) (December 2015). "Cijfers elektrisch vervoer - Top 5 geregistreerde modellen plug-in hybride elektrische voertuigen (30-11-2015)" [Figures electric transport - Top 5 registered plug-in electric hybrid vehicle models (11-30-2015)] (PDF) (in Dutch). RVO (Dutch National Office for Enterprising). Retrieved 2016-03-26.
Bil Sweden (2014-01-02). "Nyregistreringar december 2013 prel" [New registrations in December 2013 prel] (in Swedish). Bil Sweden. Retrieved 2014-01-03. Download file "Nyregistreringar december 2013 prel.pdf" see table "NYREGISTRERADE SUPERMILJÖBILAR DECEMBER 2013" with summary of PEV sales by model for 2013 and 2012.
Bil Sweden (2016-01-04). "Nyregistreringar december 2015 def" [New Registrations December 2015 (final)] (in Swedish). Bil Sweden. Retrieved 2016-01-19. Download the pdf file "Nyregistreringar december 2015 def" See table: Nyregistrerade miljöpersonbilar december 2015
"Order a Tesla Model S | Tesla". www.tesla.com. Retrieved 2016-08-28.
John Boudreau (2012-06-22). "In a Silicon Valley milestone, Tesla Motors begins delivering Model S electric cars". San Jose Mercury News. Retrieved 2012-06-22.
Jay Cole (2012-12-04). "Tesla 60 kWh Model S Deliveries Delayed To January–February, Entry Level Until March–April". Inside EVs. Retrieved 2012-12-12.
Tesla Motors (2013-08-07). "Tesla Motors, Inc. – Second Quarter 2013 Shareholder Letter" (PDF). Tesla Motors. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-04-22. Retrieved 2013-08-07.
Julie Makinen (2014-04-22). "Tesla delivers its first electric cars in China; delays upset some". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2014-04-22.
Jaclyn Trop (2014-02-19). "Loss Tapers at Tesla as Its Sales Still Climb". The New York Times. Retrieved 2014-02-19.
Jeff Cobb (2015-12-15). "Tesla Model S Crossed 100,000 Sales Milestone This Month". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2015-12-16. Accounting for global cumulative sales by December 2015, plug-in electric car sales are led by the Nissan Leaf (200,000), followed by Volt/Ampera family (104,000), and the Tesla Model S (100,000). As of November 2015, ranking next are the Mitsubishi Outlander P-HEV (85,000), and the Prius Plug-in Hybrid (75,000), Mitsubishi i-MiEV family (~50,000), BYD Qin (45,275), BMW i3 (38,581), Renault Zoe (36,040), and the Ford Fusion Energi (26,742).
Staff (2015-06-23). "Tesla Model S one billion miles". Western Morning News. Archived from the original on 2015-06-24. Retrieved 2015-06-23.
Jeff Cobb (2015-06-23). "Happy 3rd Birthday Tesla Model S: Fleet Is First To Travel One Billion Miles". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2015-06-23.
"New Tesla Model S Now the Quickest Production Car in the World". www.tesla.com. 2016-08-23. Retrieved 2016-08-28.
Cobb, Jeff (2018-01-22). "Tesla Quietly Sold 200,000th Model S Last Year". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2018-01-23.
Cobb, Jeff (2016-01-12). "Tesla Model S Was World's Best-Selling Plug-in Car in 2015". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-01-23. The Tesla Model S was the top selling plug-in electric car in 2015 (50,366), followed by the Nissan Leaf (about 43,000), the Mitsubishi Outlander P-HEV (about 39,000), the BYD Qin (31,898) and the BMW i3 (24,057).
Cobb, Jeff (2016-09-01). "Americans Buy Their Half-Millionth Plug-in Car". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-09-16. See graph: Top-10 selling plug-in electrified cars in the United States.
Cobb, Jeff (2016-10-04). "September 2016 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2016-10-04.
Cobb, Jeff (2016-11-02). "October 2016 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2016-11-04. Tesla sales for 3Q 2016 have been restated based upon information provided from the company corresponding to U.S. sales during 3Q 2016. Tesla reported 9,156 Model S and 5,428 Model X sold during the third quarter of 2016. The combined effect of both models totaled 1,116 less units than originally estimated, so the revised current-year-to-date figure for sales through September is 108,397 units. The revised CYTD figure for Model S is 20,856 and 12,328 for the Model X. October sales figures already reflect this adjustment.
Lasse Edvardsen (2019-04-30). "Tesla Registration Stats". Retrieved 2019-04-30.
Norwegian Road Federation (OFV) (January 2016). "Bilsalget i desember" [Car sales in December] (in Norwegian). OFV. Archived from the original on 2016-01-24. Retrieved 2016-01-17. A total of 4,039 new Model S cars, 3,189 new Nissan Leaf and 2,403 new i3s, including the REx variant, were registered in Norway in 2015.
Norwegian Road Federation (OFV) (October 2016). "Bilsalget i september" [Car sales in September] (in Norwegian). OFV. Retrieved 2016-11-05.
Jake Spring (2015-10-23). "CORRECTED-(OFFICIAL)-UPDATE 2-Tesla CEO says negotiating with China on local production". Reuters. Retrieved 2015-10-24. Tesla sold sold 3,025 Model S cars in China from January to September 2015.
Staff (2015-03-07). "Tesla cutting 30% of staff in China". Want China Times. Archived from the original on 2015-03-08. Retrieved 2015-03-09. Tesla imported 4,800 Model S cars in 2014, but only 2,499 of those vehicles were registered for road use in China.
Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland (RVO) (October 2016). "Cijfers elektrisch vervoer – Top 10 geregistreerde modellen volledig elektrische auto (30-09-2016)" [Figures electric transport – Top 10 registered fully electric vehicle models (09-30-2016)] (in Dutch). RVO (Dutch National Office for Enterprising). Retrieved 2016-11-05. A total of 5,622 Model S sedans were registered in the Netherlands by the end of September 2016, ranking as the all-time top registered all-electric vehicle in the country.
Sebastian Blanco (2012-07-25). "Ford C-Max Energi plug-in hybrid priced at $33,745; or $29,995 after tax credit *UPDATED". Autoblog Green. Retrieved 2012-07-24.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Department of Energy (2014-06-12). "Compare Side-by-Side - 2013/14 Ford C-Max Plug-in Hybrid and 2013/14 Ford Fusion Plug-in Hybrid". Fueleconomy.gov. Retrieved 2014-06-13.
HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates (2012-11-04). "October 2012 Dashboard". HybridCars.com. Archived from the original on 2012-11-06. Retrieved 2012-11-04.
Jeff Cobb (2015-01-06). "December 2014 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2015-01-10. See section "December 2014 Battery Electric Car Sales Numbers"
Jeff Cobb (2016-01-06). "December 2015 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2016-03-20.
Cobb, Jeff (2017-01-05). "December 2016 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2017-02-21.
Klippenstein, Matthew. "Canadian Plug-in Electric Vehicle Sales". Green Car Reports 7date=February 2016. Retrieved 2017-02-21.Tesla Model S sales figures from IHS data.
Jose, Pontes (2016-01-07). "Netherlands December 2015". EVSales.com. Retrieved 2016-03-13.
"Renault boosts range of ZOE EV to 400 km with new 41 kWh pack option". Green Car Congress. Renault. 2016-09-29. Retrieved 2016-10-01.
Antony Ingram (2012-12-17). "First Renault Zoe Electric Car Delivered In France". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2012-12-17.
Renault Press Release (2012-12-17). "Renault delivers first ZOE EV". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2012-12-17.
Renault Media (2012-03-09). "Renault features production version of ZOE, Twizy EV at Geneva". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
Cobb, Jeff (2016-08-01). "Renault Zoe and BMW i3 Join The 50,000 Sales Club". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-08-02.
RAC Foundation. "Plug-in grant eligible vehicles licensed". UK: RAC Foundation. Retrieved 2016-04-15. Figures correspond to the number of vehicles registered at the end of the corresponding quarter. A total of 3,327 Zoes were registered in the UK at the end of 2015.
Groupe Renault (January 2017). "Ventes Mensuelles" [Monthly Sales] (in French). Renault.com. Retrieved 2017-01-18. Includes passenger and light utility variants. Click on "(décembre 2016)" to download the file "XLSX - 239 Ko" for CYTD sales in 2016, and open the tab "Sales by Model". Click on "+ Voir plus" (See more) to download the files "Ventes mensuelles du groupe (décembre 2011) (xls, 183 Ko)" "Ventes mensuelles (décembre 2012) (xls, 289 Ko)" - Ventes mensuelles (décembre 2013) (xlsx, 227 Ko)" - "XLSX - 220 Ko Ventes mensuelles (décembre 2014)" - "Ventes mensuelles (décembre 2015)" to download the file "XLSX - 227 Ko" for 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 sales. Sales figures for 2013 were revised in the 2014 report
Bruce, Chris (2016-01-20). "Renault Zoe was Europe's best-selling EV last year". Renault. Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2016-02-06.
France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2017-01-30). "La France s'impose comme le leader des ventes de véhicules 100% électriques en Europe en 2016" [France has emerged as the leader in vehicle sales 100% electric in Europe in 2016] (in French). AVERE. Retrieved 2017-02-03.
Pontes, Jose (2017-02-03). "Europe's Best-Selling Electric Car = Renault Zoe". EV-Sales.blogspot.com. CleanTechnica.com. Retrieved 2017-02-25.
Piers Ward (November 2011). "Volvo V60 Plug-in Hybrid driven". Top Gear. Retrieved 2012-09-30.
Sebastian Blanco (2012-09-28). "First 1,000 Volvo V60 Plug-in Hybrids already sold out". Autoblog Green. Retrieved 2012-09-30.
Geraldine Ashton Green (2012-12-03). "Volvo increase production of new V60 Plug-in Hybrid". Motoring UK. Retrieved 2012-12-09.
Fleet News (2013-06-12). "First UK delivery of V60 Plug-in Hybrid to Surrey eco business". Fleet News. Retrieved 2013-06-26.
"2012 (Full Year) Sweden: Best-Selling Electric Cars & Plug-In Hybrid Models". BestSellingCars.com. 2013-04-02. Retrieved 2015-04-26. A total of 42 units were sold in Sweden in 2012.
Jim Motavalli (2014-06-30). "Confirmed: Volvo To Offer Plug-In Hybrid Option on All Models". PluginCars.com. Retrieved 2014-09-03. Volvo sold 7,739 V60 plug-in hybrids in 2013.
Gibbs, Nick (2016-03-15). "Hybrid sales expected to triple in Europe as tougher CO2 rules loom". Automotive News Europe. Retrieved 2016-02-22. Sales in Europe as reported by JATO Dynamics: VW Golf GTE sales totaled 1,097 units in 2014 and 17,300 in 2015; Audi A3 e-tron sales totaled 1,154 units in 2014 and 11,791 in 2015; Volvo V60 sales totaled 5,441 units in 2014 and 6,349 in 2015.
Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland (RVO) (November 2015). "Cijfers elektrisch vervoer - Aantal geregistreerde elektrische voertuigen in Nederland - Top 5 geregistreerde modellen plug-in hybride elektrische voertuigen (31-10-2015) - Top 10 geregistreerde modellen volledig elektrische auto (31-10-2015)" [Figures electric transport - Number of registered electric vehicles in Netherlands, Top 5 registered plug-in electric hybrid vehicle models (10-31-2015) and Top 10 registered all-electric vehicle models (10-31-2015)] (in Dutch). RVO (Dutch National Office for Enterprising). Retrieved 2015-12-06. See under the heading "31-10-2015".
Bil Sweden (2015-01-02). "Nyregistreringar december 2014 (prel)" [New registrations in December 2014 (preliminar)] (in Swedish). Bil Sweden. Retrieved 2015-01-04. Download file "Nyregistreringar december 2014 (prel)" see tables: "Nyregistrerade supermiljöbilar december 2014" with summary of plug-in passenger car registrations by model for 2013 (revised) and 2014.
Antony Ingram (2012-11-30). "2014 Honda Accord Plug-In Hybrid Priced Sub-$41K, 115 MPGe". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2012-11-30.
Pete Brissette (2013-01-21). "2014 Honda Accord Plug-in Hybrid Now Available in Calif. And New York". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2013-01-21.
Honda News (2013-06-21). "Honda introduces Accord hybrid and plug-in in Japan; hybrid in US in October". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2014-02-22.
Naoki Watanabe (2014-02-12). "Plug-in hybrids quickly becoming Japan's favorite way to drive green". Nikkei Asian Review. Archived from the original on 2014-02-19. Retrieved 2014-02-19.
Jeff Cobb (2015-07-02). "June 2015 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2015-07-11. See sections: "June 2015 Plug-in Hybrid Car Sales Numbers" and "June 2015 Battery Electric Car Sales Numbers"
Mike Millikin (2015-06-15). "Honda discontinuing Civic Hybrid, Civic natural gas model, Accord plug-in hybrid; new BEV, PHEV models coming". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2015-06-20.
Jay Cole (2013-01-24). "Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV On Sale In Japan Today, Extended Promotional Video Released". Inside EVs. Retrieved 2013-01-28.
Seyth Miersma (2012-09-28). "Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV is world's first production plug-in hybrid CUV [w/video]". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2012-09-30.
Michaël Torregrossa (2013-01-29). "Mitsubishi présentera la version européenne de l'Outlander PHEV à Genève" [Mitsubishi will present the European version of the Outlander PHEV in Geneva] (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). Retrieved 2013-01-30.
Philippe Crowe (2013-10-22). "Outlander PHEV Now On Sale In Europe". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2013-10-25.
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External links

Akaki Mamaladze on production of first electric cars in Caucasus (Georgia): "Our childhood dreams come true" — Interview of A.Mamaladze, director of AIProduction, for Caucasian Journal
Meet the Fleet by Plugincars.com
Plug-in Vehicle Tracker: What's Coming, When by Plug In America

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[PEVs-1] David B. Sandalow, ed. (2009). Plug-In Electric Vehicles: What Role for Washington? (1st. ed.). The Brookings Institution. pp. 2–5. ISBN 978-0-8157-0305-1.See definition on pp. 2.

[2] "PEV Frequently Asked Questions". Duke Energy. Archived from the original on March 27, 2012. Retrieved 2010-03-31.

[3] "Buddy Pure Urban Mobility - Pricing catalog" (PDF). Pure Urban Mobility. 2010-09-15. Retrieved 2010-09-22.

[4] "Introducing the New Buddy". Pure Urban Mobility. Retrieved 2010-09-22.

[NorwayEVs092013-5] Norsk Elbilforening (2013-10-22). "Så mange elbiler er det i Norge nå" [So many electric cars are in Norway's reach] (in Norwegian). Norsk Elbilforening (Norwegian Electric Vehicle Association). Archived from the original on 2016-06-16. Retrieved 2016-03-13. As of 30 September 2013, Th!nk City/PIV 4 registrations totaled 1,120 units in Norway.

[6] Michaël Torregrossa (2013-11-24). "eBuddy – La petite voiture électrique Norvégienne à EVS 27" [eBuddy - The small Norwegian electric car at EVS 27] (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). Retrieved 2013-11-30.

[7] Frydenlund, Ståle (2016-03-22). "Buddy blir filmstjerne!" [How Buddy becomes a Movie Star!] (in Norwegian). Norsk Elbilforening (Norwegian Electric Vehicle Association). Archived from the original on 2016-04-11. Retrieved 2016-05-11.

[USPrice2-8] Sebastian Blanco (2011-09-09). "Mitsubishi raises price of all-electric i by an "unforeseen" $1,135". Autoblog Green. Retrieved 2011-09-11.

[FirstEV_1-9] Nikki Gordon-Bloomfield (2014-10-15). "Mitsubishi Recalls 2009-2014 i-Miev Electric Cars for Faulty Brake Vacuum Pump". Transport Evolved. Retrieved 2015-02-16.

[FirstEV_2-10] Reuters (2011-07-06). "Mitsubishi Motors unveils cheaper i-MiEV electric car". Automotive News. Retrieved 2015-02-16.

[11] "Mitsubishi Motors Begins Production of i-MiEV; Targeting 1,400 Units in Fiscal 2009". Green Car Congress. 2009-06-05. Retrieved 2010-04-04.

[Reuters100330-12] Chang-Ran Kim (2010-03-30). "Mitsubishi Motors lowers price of electric i-MiEV". Reuters. Retrieved 2015-02-17.

[13] "i-MiEV Goes on Sale in Costa Rica". Green Car Congress. 2011-02-28. Retrieved 2011-03-02.

[USFirst-14] Chris Woodyard (2011-12-08). "Mitsubishi delivers its first 'i' electric car". USA Today. Retrieved 2011-12-10.

[Top10Global062016-15] Cobb, Jeff (2016-08-10). "Global 10 Best-Selling Plug-In Cars Are Accelerating Forward". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-08-24. As of June 2016, cumulative global sales of the top selling plug-in electric cars were led by the Nissan Leaf (over 228,000), followed by the Tesla Model S (129,393), Votl/Ampera family (about 117,300), Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV (about 107,400), Toyota Prius PHV (over 75,400), BYD Qin (56,191), Renault Zoe (51,193), BMW i3 (around 49,500), Mitsubishi i-MiEV family (about 37,600) and BYD Tang (37,509).

[MiEVJapan2009_13-16] Mark Kane (2014-01-14). "Sales Of Mitsubishi MiEV in Japan Fell Off Sharply in 2013; Battery Production Constraints Probable Cause". InsideEVs. Retrieved 2014-02-14. A total of 9,402 i MiEVs were sold in Japan between July 2009 and December 2013.

[JapMiEV122014-17] "三菱 i-MiEVなどの2014年12月度生産・販売実績" [Mitsubishi i-MiEV sales results for December 2014] (in Japanese). Electric Vehicle News. 2015-01-28. Archived from the original on 2015-03-20. Retrieved 2015-03-21.

[NorwaySales2011-18] Ole Henrik Hannisdahl (2012-01-09). "Eventyrlig elbilsalg i 2011" [Adventurous electric vehicle sales in 2011] (in Norwegian). Grønn bil. Archived from the original on 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2012-01-14. See table "Elbilsalg i 2011 fordelt på måned og merke" (Electric vehicle sales in 2011, by month and brand) to see monthly sales for 2011.

[NorwaySales122012-19] "Salgstall pr. des 2012" [Sales Figures December 2012] (in Norwegian). Grønn bil. January 2013. Archived from the original on 2012-04-26. Retrieved 2013-02-09.See graph "Salgstall pr. des 2012" (Sales Figures December 2012) for details of monthly sales for 2012.

[NorwaySales2013-20] Ståle Frydenlund (2014-01-02). "7.882 nye elbiler registrert i 2013" [7882 new electric cars registered in 2013] (in Norwegian). Norsk Elbilforening (Norwegian Electric Vehicle Association). Archived from the original on 2014-01-02. Retrieved 2014-01-20. Sales during 2013 totaled 4,604 new Leafs.

[OFV2014ZE-21] Norwegian Road Federation (OFV) (January 2015). "CO2-utslippet i desember 2014" [CO2 emissions in December 2014] (in Norwegian). OFV. Retrieved 2015-02-14. See graph: Gjennomsnittlig CO2-utslipp for registrerte ney personbiler per modell 2014, til og med desember.

[SalesFR2010_16-22] Autoactu.com (October 2016). "Chiffres de vente & immatriculations de voitures électriques en France" [Sales figures & electric car registrations in France] (in French). Automobile Propre. Retrieved 2016-10-11. See "Ventes de voitures électriques en 2016/2015/2014/2013/2012/2011."

[SalesGer2011-23] Kraftfahrt-Bundesamtes (KBA). "Neuzulassungen von Personenkraftwagen im Dezember 2011 nach Segmenten und Modellreihen" [New registrations of passenger cars in December 2011 by segment and model lines] (PDF) (in German). KBA. Retrieved 2012-10-15.

[SalesGer2012-24] Kraftfahrt-Bundesamtes (KBA) (January 2013). "Neuzulassungen von Personenkraftwagen im Dezember 2012 nach Marken und Modellreihen" [New registrations of passenger cars in December 2012 by make and model series] (PDF) (in German). KBA. Retrieved 2013-02-09.

[SalesGer2013-25] Kraftfahrt-Bundesamtes (KBA) (January 2014). "Neuzulassungen von Personenkraftwagen im Dezember 2013 nach Segmenten und Modellreihen" [New registrations of passenger cars in December 2013 by segment and model series] (PDF) (in German). KBA. Retrieved 2014-05-10. A total of 559 i3s were registered in Germany in 2013.

[SalesGer2014-26] Kraftfahrt-Bundesamtes (KBA) (January 2015). "Neuzulassungen von Personenkraftwagen nach Segmenten und Modellreihen im Dezember 2014" [New registrations of passenger cars in December 2014 by segment and model] (PDF) (in German). KBA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-04-17. Retrieved 2015-01-27. A total of 2,233 i3s and 400 i8s were registered in Germany in 2014.

[iSalesUSCan-27] Timothy Cain (January 2015). "Mitsubishi i MiEV Sales Figures". Good Car Bad Car. Retrieved 2015-03-27.

[28] Chery Press Release (2010-07-01). "The first QQ EV was delivered to customer". Chery. Archived from the original on 2013-11-11. Retrieved 2013-04-19.

[HKS2014-29] Henry Lee; Sabrina Howell & Adam Heal (June 2014). "Leapfrogging or Stalling Out? Electric Vehicles in China". Belfer Center, Harvard Kennedy School. Retrieved 2015-01-18. Download EVS in China (full report). See Table 2: Chinas's EV Sales by Brand, 2011-2013, pp. 19.

[ChinaEV2014-30] Jose Pontes (2015-01-25). "China December 2014". EV Sales. Retrieved 2015-08-02. A total of 7,866 QQ3 EVs were sold in 2014.

[ChinaEV062015-31] Staff (2015-07-17). "Chinese EV Sales Ranking in the First Half of 2015". China Auto Web. Retrieved 2015-08-02. A total of 3,208 QQ3 EVs were sold during the first half of 2015.

[ChinaSales2013-32] China Auto Web (2013-03-25). "Chinese EV Sales Ranking for 2012". China Auto Web. Retrieved 2013-04-19. 5,305 QQ3 EVs and 2,485 JAC J3 EVs were sold in 2012.

[J3iev-33] China Auto Web (2012-09-30). "JAC Delivers 500 J3 EVs ("ievs")". China Auto Web. Retrieved 2013-04-19. A total of 1,583 of the first and second generation models were sold during 2010 and 2011..

[ChinaTop2014-34] Staff (2015-01-14). "2014 EV Sales Ranking". China Auto Web. Retrieved 2015-01-15. During 2014 BYD e6 sales totaled 3,560 units and Qin sales totaled 14,747 units. About 1,100 SAIC Roewe 550 PHEVs were sold in China in 2014..

[ChinaTop2013-35] Staff (2014-01-10). "Plug-in EV Sales in China Rose 37.9% to 17,600 in 2013". China Auto Web. Retrieved 2015-08-02. About 2,500 J3 iEVS were sold in 2013.

[36] Lem Bingley (2010-09-01). "Tazzari Zero electric car comes to the UK". The Guardian. Retrieved 2011-06-23.

[37] "Tazzari ZERO Features". Tazzari Group. Archived from the original on 2011-07-05. Retrieved 2011-06-23.

[PriceUS-38] Malcolm Foster (2010-03-30). "With credits, Nissan electric could cost $25K". Autos on NBC News. Retrieved 2010-12-04.

[Price2012US-39] Eric Loveday (2011-07-19). "2012 Nissan Leaf gets higher price tag, more standard equipment". AutoblogGreen. Retrieved 2011-07-19.

[Price2013US-40] John Voelcker (2013-01-14). "2013 Nissan Leaf Prices To Start At $28,800 For Electric Car". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2013-01-26. The new base-level 2013 Nissan Leaf S will start at $28,800 plus a mandatory $850 destination fee.

[LeafEPA-41] "2014/2011 Nissan Leaf". fueleconomy.gov. United States Environmental Protection Agency. 2014. Retrieved 2014-05-28.

[EPA2014/15/16Leaf-42] U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Department of Energy (2015-01-06). "Compare Side-by-Side: 2014 Nissan Leaf; 2015 Nissan Leaf;2016 Nissan Leaf (30 kW-hr battery pack); 2016 Nissan Leaf (24 kW-hr battery pack)". Fueleconomy.gov. Retrieved 2015-11-07.

[LaunchUS-43] Nissan (2010-12-11). "Nissan Makes History With Delivery of World's First 100% Electric Nissan LEAF to California Consumer". PR Newswire. Retrieved 2010-12-11.

[JapanDeliver1-44] "Nissan delivers first Leaf in Japan". The Green Car Website. 2010-12-22. Archived from the original on 2010-12-26. Retrieved 2010-12-23.

[45] "Portuguese Consortium MOBI.E Receives 100% Electric NISSAN LEAF Fleet". Nissan Europe. 2010-12-22. Archived from the original on 2011-07-14. Retrieved 2010-12-23.

[Leaf300k-46] "Nissan delivers 300,000th Nissan Leaf" (Press release). Yokohama: Nissan. 8 January 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2018.

[Model3TopEV-47] Holland, Maximilian (2020-02-10). "Tesla Passes 1 Million EV Milestone & Model 3 Becomes All Time Best Seller". CleanTechnica. Archived from the original on April 12, 2020. Retrieved 2020-05-23.

[RN134K-48] Padraic Deane (7 February 2014). "Renault-Nissan Alliance a strong partnership". Auto Trade (Ireland). Retrieved 8 March 2014.

[Top10PEVs2016-49] Cobb, Jeff (2017-01-31). "Tesla Model S Is World's Best-Selling Plug-in Car For Second Year In A Row". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2017-01-31. See also detailed 2016 sales and cumulative global sales in the two graphs.

[Sales2Yrs-50] Philippe Crowe (5 February 2013). "43,829 EVs Sold By Renault-Nissan In 2012". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 5 February 2013.

[Top30PEVs2016-51] Shahan, Zachary (4 February 2017). "Tesla Model S & Nissan Leaf Clocked As World's Best-Selling Electric Cars In 2016". EV Volumes. CleanTechnica.com. Retrieved 4 February 2017.

[Leaf470K-52] Kane, Mark (2020-05-08). "Nissan Electric Car Sales May Already Exceed 500,000". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 2020-05-19. More than 470,000 Leaf cars have been sold globally by May 2020.

[AlltimeUS2019-53] Kane, Mark (2020-01-11). "The Top 10 Plug-In Electric Cars In U.S. - 2019 Edition". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 2020-06-12. At the end of 2019, the all-time top selling plug-in cars in the U.S. were the Tesla Model 3 with 300,471 units, Tesla Model S with 157,992, Chevrolet Volt with 157,054 units, Nissan Leaf with 141,907 and the Toyota Prius PHV with 109,003 (by September 2019).

[Leaf150KEurope-54] Musk, Jonathan (2019-12-19). "Nissan drops Leaf pricing". Fleet World. Retrieved 2020-05-19. With almost 440,000 sold since 2010, the model remains the world’s best-selling electric vehicle, and also in the UK where it has received more than 32,000 orders. European sales currently stand at 150,000, the company said.

[LeafJapan022020-55] Kane, Mark (2020-03-06). "Nissan LEAF Sales In Japan Finally Surge To Almost 3,000". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 2020-05-19. Cumulative LEAF sales in Japan is approaching 140,000

[NorskModel-56] "Cumulative EV registrations by Make and Model". Elbil Statistikk. 2020-05-17. Retrieved 2020-05-23. As of 12 June 2020, cumulative BMW i3 registrations totaled 26,483 cars, of which, 1,327 were used imports.

[57] "Chevrolet Volt MSRP Starts at $41,000, $33,500 Net of Full Federal Credit; 3-year Lease Program with Option to Buy". Green Car Congress. 2010-07-27. Retrieved 2010-07-27.

[GCCVolt12-58] "Chevrolet begins taking orders in all 50 US states for 2012 Volt; $1K drop in starting price". Green Car Congress. 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2011-06-10.

[PriceVolt14-59] Nikki Gordon-Bloomfield (2013-06-08). "2014 Volt Drops Price By $5,000 to $34,995". Plugincars.com. Retrieved 2013-08-06.

[60] John Voelcker (2015-05-03). "2016 Chevrolet Volt Priced From $33,995, Or $1,175 Lower Than 2015 Volt". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2015-06-14.

[Reuters112410-61] David Bailey & Kevin Krolicki (2010-11-24). "Chevy Volt tops Prius in fuel economy rating". Reuters. Retrieved 2010-11-24.

[EPAVolt2016-62] Jeff Cobb (2015-08-04). "2016 Chevrolet Volt Rated For 53 Miles Electric Range". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2015-08-05.

[FirstRetailDelivery-63] "First Chevy Volts Reach Customers, Will Out-Deliver Nissan in December". plugincars.com. 2010-12-16. Retrieved 2010-12-17.

[64] The Canadian Press (2011-09-01). "Chevy brings electric Volt to Canada". CBC News. Retrieved 2011-09-22.

[65] Opel Media (2012-02-21). "Opel Ampera: First Customers Take Delivery". Opel Europe. Retrieved 2012-03-01.

[Volt100K-66] Jeff Cobb (2015-11-04). "GM Sells Its 100,000th Volt in October". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2015-11-04. About 102,000 units of the Volt/Ampera family have been sold worldwide by the end of October 2015.

[SixYears-67] Cobb, Jeff (2016-12-12). "Chevy Volt and Nissan Leaf Celebrate Their Sixth-Year Anniversary". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-12-14.

[Nether2012_14-68] Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland (RVO) (January 2015). "Cijfers elektrisch vervoer - Top 5 geregistreerde modellen plug-in hybride elektrische voertuigen (31-12-2014)" [Figures electric transport - Top 5 registered plug-in electric hybrid vehicle models (12-31-2014)] (PDF) (in Dutch). RVO (Dutch National Office for Enterprising). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-06-14. Retrieved 2015-06-14.

[RAISales2015-69] RAI (January 2016). "Nieuwverkoop Personenautos Per Merk/Model - 2015/12 2015 totaal" [New passenger cars sales by brand/model 2015/12 2015 total] (in Dutch). RAI Vereniging. Archived from the original on 2016-03-06. Retrieved 2016-03-13.

[RAISales2014-70] RAI (January 2015). "Verkoopstatistieken" [Sales Statistics] (PDF) (in Dutch). RAI Vereniging. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-07-09. Retrieved 2016-03-13. Download the pdf file for detailed sales by model during 2014: "nieuwverkoop personenautos 201412 Archived 2015-02-01 at the Wayback Machine".

[NED2013-71] "Verkoopcijfers stekkerauto's 2013: de eindsprint" [Plug-in car sales in 2013: the final sprint] (in Dutch). Groen7. 2014-01-07. Retrieved 2016-03-13. The table shows sales by models for 2011, 2012 and 2013.

[SalesGer2015-72] Kraftfahrt-Bundesamt (KBA) (January 2016). "Neuzulassungen von Personenkraftwagen nach Segmenten und Modellreihen im Dezember 2015" [New registrations of passenger cars by segments and models in December 2015] (PDF) (in German). KBA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-01-10. Retrieved 2016-01-17. A total of 2,271 i3s and 393 i8s were registered in Germany in 2015.

[UK3Q2015-73] RAC Foundation. "Plug-in grant eligible vehicles licensed". UK: RAC Foundation. Retrieved 2016-03-26. Figures correspond to the number of vehicles registered at the end of the corresponding month.

[74] Staff (2014-07-23). "Opel plans 'electric' successor to Ampera plug-in hybrid". Automotive News. Retrieved 2014-07-23.

[75] Jeffrey N. Ross (2015-05-21). "Last First-Gen Chevy Volt Rolls Off The Assembly Line". TopSpeed.com. Retrieved 2015-06-14.

[76] Eric Loveday (2015-03-30). "Pre-Production 2016 Chevrolet Volts Now Being Built – Pricing Announcement Expected Next Month". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 2015-03-31.

[Sales2016Volt-77] Mike Millikin (2015-01-12). "Next-gen Chevy Volt EREV is more efficient, with 50-mile electric range". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2015-06-20.

[Volt2Aust-78] Mike Costello (2015-04-25). "The Holden Volt is dead". Car Advice. Retrieved 2015-04-26.

[Volt2016-79] Jeff Cobb (2015-11-03). "2016 Volts Account For 1,324 Sales Out Of 2,035 October Deliveries". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2015-11-03.

[Canada102015-80] Klippenstein, Matthew (2015-11-06). "Plug-in Electric Car Sales in Canada, October 2015: The Wallet Ballot". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2015-11-07.

[81] Andrew Anthony (2009-03-21). "Smart Fortwo Ed: Is the future a Smart one?". London: The Guardian. Retrieved 2010-06-10.

[AbGreen-82] "250 Smart EDs coming to U.S. this fall with $599/month leases attached". AutoblogGreen. 2010-06-10. Retrieved 2010-06-11.

[MT1010-83] Karla Sanchez (2012-10-04). "Smarter Car: 2013 Smart Fortwo Electric Drive Starts at $25,750 – Photos Galore". Motor Trend. Retrieved 2012-10-10.

[GCC0610-84] "smart fortwo electric drive Debuts in the US". Green Car Congress. 2010-06-09. Retrieved 2010-06-09.

[85] Nick Chambers (2011-01-27). "Smart USA Delivers First ForTwo Electric Car—Also Available as a Convertible". PluginCars.com. Retrieved 2011-01-27.

[86] Jay Cole (2013-05-05). "Another EV Hits US Shores, As Smart Sells 60 ForTwo Electric Drive Mini-Cars In May". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 2013-06-06.

[87] "Third-generation smart fortwo electric drive to launch worldwide in spring 2012; first use of battery packs from Daimler JV Deutsche Accumotive and motor from JV EM-motive". Green Car Congress. 2011-08-16. Retrieved 2012-10-10.

[88] Jeffrey N. Ross (2012-10-03). "Smart ForTwo Electric Drive will be cheapest EV at $25,000*". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2012-10-10.

[EUsales10_12-89] Justin Aschard (2012-11-30). "Inmatriculations VP et VUL Europe 18 à fin Oct. 2012 (2010-2012)" [Registrations of passenger cars and utility vehicles in Europe 18 through October 2012 (2010-2012)] (PDF) (in French). France Mobilité Électrique. Retrieved 2012-12-05.

[PEVUSales2012-90] Jeff Cobb (2013-01-08). "December 2012 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2013-02-09. See the section: December 2012 Plug-in Electric Car Sales Numbers

[SalesUS2011-91] "December 2011 Dashboard: Sales Still Climbing". HybridCARS.com. 2012-01-09. Archived from the original on 2012-01-12. Retrieved 2012-01-10.

[2013Top20-92] Jose Pontes (2014-01-30). "World Top 20 December 2013 (Special Edition)". EV Sales. Retrieved 2014-02-06.

[2Q2014Top20-93] Jose Pontes (2014-07-30). "World Top 20 June 2014 (Special Edition)". EV Sales. Retrieved 2014-08-02. A total of 2,384 Smart EDs were sold worldwide in the first half of 2014.

[GerSales2010_Oct12-94] Justin Aschard (2012-11-30). "Inmatriculations VP et VUL Allemagne à fin Oct. (2010-2012) 2012" [Registrations of passenger cars and utility vehicles in Germany through October 2012 (2010-2012)] (PDF) (in French). France Mobilité Électrique. Retrieved 2014-08-02. A total of 106 Smart EVs were registered in Germany in 2010.

[SalesGer2011full-95] Autobild (2012-01-12). "2011 Full Year Best-Selling Electric Cars in Germany in 2011". BestSellingCars.com. Retrieved 2014-07-08. A total of 328 Smart EVs were registered in Germany in 2011.

[SalesGer122012-96] BestSellingCars.com (2013-05-03). "2012 (Full Year) Germany: Best-Selling Electric Car Models". BestSellingCars.com. Retrieved 2014-08-02. A total of 734 Smart EDs were registered in Germany in 2011.

[Germany2013-97] Jose Pontes (2014-01-20). "Germany December 2013". EV Sales. Retrieved 2014-02-06.

[Germany062014-98] Jose Pontes (2014-07-14). "Germany June 2014". EV Sales. Retrieved 2014-08-02. A total of 645 Smart EDs were sold in Germany in the first half of 2014.

[PEVUSales2013-99] Cole, Jay (2014-01-06). "December 2013 Plug-In Electric Vehicle Sales Report Card". InsideEvs.com. Retrieved 2014-01-07.

[Sales062014US-100] Jeff Cobb (2014-07-02). "June 2014 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2014-08-02. A total of 1,092 Smart EDs were sold in the U.S. during the first half of 2014. See section: "U.S. Battery Electric sales for June 2014"

[101] John O'Dell (2011-03-25). "Volvo C30 EV-Is a $2,100 Monthly Lease Crazy, or Just Honest?". Archived from the original on 2011-06-20. Retrieved 2011-04-23.

[Production-102] "Volvo Car Corporation begins production of the Volvo C30 Electric for leasing customers in Europe". Green Car Congress. 2011-06-08. Retrieved 2011-06-10.

[SwedenSales2011_12-103] "2012 (Full Year) Sweden: Best-Selling Electric Cars & Plug-In Hybrid Models". BestSellingCars.com. 2013-04-02. Retrieved 2013-01-15.

[SwedenSales1Q2013-104] "2013 (Q1) Sweden: Best-Selling Electric Cars and Plugin Hybrid Models". BestSellingCars.com. 2013-04-12. Retrieved 2013-04-15.

[105] "First Pure-Electric Vehicle now available for Consumers in China". BYD Energy. 2011-10-27. Archived from the original on 2011-11-01. Retrieved 2011-10-29.

[Top3BYD-106] Cobb, Jeff (2016-11-07). "China's BYD Becomes World's Third-Largest Plug-in Car Maker". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-11-13. Qin sales totaled 18,391 units during the first three quarters of 2016, adding to a total 65,178 cumulative sales through September. Qin EV300 sales totaled 6,798 units between March 2016 with and September 2016.

[ChinaTopEVs2016-107] Staff (2017-01-19). "Best-selling China-made EVs in 2016". China Auto Web. Retrieved 2017-01-25. Three BYD Auto models topped the Chinese ranking of best-selling new energy passenger cars in 2016. The BYD Tang SUV was the top selling plug-in electric car in China in 2016 with 31,405 units sold, followed by the BYD Qin with 21,868 units sold, and ranking third overall in 2016 was the BYD e6 with 20,605 units.

[BluecarSales-108] Michaël Torregrossa (2013-02-21). "Voiture électrique – La Bluecar de Bolloré disponible pour 12.000 €" [Electric Cars - Bolloré Bluecar available for € 12,000] (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). Retrieved 2013-03-16.

[Launch1-109] Richard Lord (2011-12-05). "Autolib' electric car sharing service launches in Paris, France". Sustainable Guernsey. Retrieved 2011-12-20.

[110] Laurent Lepsch (2012-10-08). "Louez une Bluecarpour 500 € par mois" [Lease a Bluecar for €500 per month] (in French). Auto News. Retrieved 2012-10-12.

[2K2013-111] Anthony Buttriss (2013-02-01). "Bluecar: La Voiture Électrique La Plus Immatriculée de France" [Bluecar: Top electric cars registrations in France] (in French). France Mobilité Électrique. Retrieved 2013-02-09.

[SalesFR2012-112] Yoann Nussbaumer (2013-01-16). "+115% pour les ventes de voitures électriques en France pour 2012" [Electric car sales in France increased 115% in 2012] (in French). Automobile Propre. Archived from the original on 2013-01-25. Retrieved 2013-02-09.

[113] Jonathan Schultz (2011-11-02). "Ford Focus Electric to Be Priced at $39,995". The New York Times. Retrieved 2011-11-02.

[114] "2018 Ford Focus Electric Reviews | Ford Focus Electric Price, Photos, and Specs".

[115] Keith Naughton (2012-03-02). "Ford Says Focus Electric Car Rated at 105 MPG Equivalent by EPA". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 2012-03-02.

[116] "2017 Ford Focus Electric preview".

[117] John Voelcker (2012-03-09). "2012 Ford Focus Electric: 105 MPGe, 76-Mile Range...10 Sales". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2012-03-16.

[118] Eric Loveday (2012-05-21). "It's Official: Ford Now Shipping Focus Electric to US Dealerships". PluginCars.com. Retrieved 2012-05-21.

[Sales2013US-119] Jeff Cobb (2014-01-06). "December 2013 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2014-01-07.

[120] "Chevy Volt continues to lead plug-in sales in US in July". Green Car Congress. 2012-08-03. Retrieved 2012-08-04. 8 unites were delivered in December 2011.

[Sales092014US-121] Jeff Cobb (2014-10-02). "September 2014 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2014-10-25. See sections: "U.S. Plug-in Hybrid sales for September 2014" and "U.S. Battery Electric sales for September 2014"

[122] Eric Loveday (2011-03-03). "Renault, Better Place launch "unlimited mileage" electric car in Copenhagen for $38,000-plus". AutoblogGreen. Retrieved 2011-05-06.

[NYT052613-123] Isabel Kershner (2013-05-26). "Israeli Venture Meant to Serve Electric Cars Is Ending Its Run". The New York Times. Retrieved 2013-05-27.

[JPost052613-124] Niv Elis (2013-05-26). "Death of Better Place: Electric car co. to dissolve". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2013-05-30.

[200K-125] Tony Lewis (2014-11-26). "Renault-Nissan sell 200,000 EVs in four years". Just Auto. Retrieved 2014-11-29.

[Renault50K-126] Mark Kane (2014-11-22). "Renault Electric Car Sales Quietly Surpass 50,000". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 2014-11-29.

[Renault2011_14-127] Groupe Renault (November 2014). "Ventes Mensuelles" [Monthly Sales] (in French). Renault.com. Retrieved 2014-11-29. Click on "Ventes mensuelles du groupe (décembre 2011) (xls, 183 Ko)" "Ventes mensuelles (décembre 2012) (xls, 289 Ko)" - Ventes mensuelles (décembre 2013) (xlsx, 227 Ko)" - "Ventes mensuelles (octobre 2014) (XLSX - 219 Ko)" to download the files for 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 sales, and open the tab "Sales by Model".

[128] Sebastian Blanco (2011-09-16). "Toyota Plug-in Prius priced at $32,000* and Prius V from $26,400*". AutoblogGreen. Retrieved 2011-09-16.

[129] Toyota News Release (2012-02-28). "Prius Plug-In eligibile for a $1,500 California consumer incentive plus $2,500 Federal tax credit". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2012-02-28.

[130] Stephen Munday (2011-09-30). "Prius Plug-In Hybrid On Sale January in Japan – Charging Stations at 5,500 Dealerships and Car Rental Locations". Integrity Exports. Retrieved 2011-09-30.

[GCC091711-131] "Toyota introduces 2012 Prius Plug-in Hybrid". Green Car Congress. 2011-09-17. Retrieved 2011-09-17.

[PiPSales0612EU-132] Toyota Motor Europe (2012-07-13). "Solid 13% Q2 sales increase for Toyota and Lexus vehicles in Europe". Toyota Media Press Release. Archived from the original on 2015-10-16. Retrieved 2012-08-06.

[133] Philippe Crowe (2012-09-07). "Prius Plug-in Hybrid Now Available In Canada". HybridCars.com. Archived from the original on 2012-09-09. Retrieved 2012-09-11.

[1genEnd-134] Brad Berman (2015-05-01). "Toyota Halts Production of Prius Plug-in Hybrid Until Late 2016". Plugincars.com. Retrieved 2015-06-20.

[2genLaunch-135] Hans Greimel (2014-06-30). "Next-gen Prius launch delayed 6 months". Automotive News. Retrieved 2015-06-20.

[TMC9miHEVs-136] "Worldwide Sales of Toyota Hybrids Surpass 9 Million Units" (Press release). Toyota City, Japan: Toyota. 2016-05-20. Retrieved 2016-05-22.

[PiP2015US-137] Undercoffler, David (2016-02-01). "Toyota's fuel-thrifty Prius family may shrink as automaker ponders strategy". Automotive News. Retrieved 2016-03-25. Prius PHV sales totaled 42,293 units through December 2015.

[Sales042016US-138] Cobb, Jeff (2016-05-04). "April 2016 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2016-05-07. During the first fourth months of 2016, ELR sales in the U.S. totaled 357 units and Prius PHV 27 units.

[Nether112015-139] Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland (RVO) (December 2015). "Cijfers elektrisch vervoer - Top 5 geregistreerde modellen plug-in hybride elektrische voertuigen (30-11-2015)" [Figures electric transport - Top 5 registered plug-in electric hybrid vehicle models (11-30-2015)] (PDF) (in Dutch). RVO (Dutch National Office for Enterprising). Retrieved 2016-03-26.

[SwedenSales2013-140] Bil Sweden (2014-01-02). "Nyregistreringar december 2013 prel" [New registrations in December 2013 prel] (in Swedish). Bil Sweden. Retrieved 2014-01-03. Download file "Nyregistreringar december 2013 prel.pdf" see table "NYREGISTRERADE SUPERMILJÖBILAR DECEMBER 2013" with summary of PEV sales by model for 2013 and 2012.

[Sweden2015-141] Bil Sweden (2016-01-04). "Nyregistreringar december 2015 def" [New Registrations December 2015 (final)] (in Swedish). Bil Sweden. Retrieved 2016-01-19. Download the pdf file "Nyregistreringar december 2015 def" See table: Nyregistrerade miljöpersonbilar december 2015

[:0-142] "Order a Tesla Model S | Tesla". www.tesla.com. Retrieved 2016-08-28.

[143] John Boudreau (2012-06-22). "In a Silicon Valley milestone, Tesla Motors begins delivering Model S electric cars". San Jose Mercury News. Retrieved 2012-06-22.

[Deliver4060-144] Jay Cole (2012-12-04). "Tesla 60 kWh Model S Deliveries Delayed To January–February, Entry Level Until March–April". Inside EVs. Retrieved 2012-12-12.

[DeliveryEU-145] Tesla Motors (2013-08-07). "Tesla Motors, Inc. – Second Quarter 2013 Shareholder Letter" (PDF). Tesla Motors. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-04-22. Retrieved 2013-08-07.

[146] Julie Makinen (2014-04-22). "Tesla delivers its first electric cars in China; delays upset some". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2014-04-22.

[147] Jaclyn Trop (2014-02-19). "Loss Tapers at Tesla as Its Sales Still Climb". The New York Times. Retrieved 2014-02-19.

[ModelS100K-148] Jeff Cobb (2015-12-15). "Tesla Model S Crossed 100,000 Sales Milestone This Month". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2015-12-16. Accounting for global cumulative sales by December 2015, plug-in electric car sales are led by the Nissan Leaf (200,000), followed by Volt/Ampera family (104,000), and the Tesla Model S (100,000). As of November 2015, ranking next are the Mitsubishi Outlander P-HEV (85,000), and the Prius Plug-in Hybrid (75,000), Mitsubishi i-MiEV family (~50,000), BYD Qin (45,275), BMW i3 (38,581), Renault Zoe (36,040), and the Ford Fusion Energi (26,742).

[149] Staff (2015-06-23). "Tesla Model S one billion miles". Western Morning News. Archived from the original on 2015-06-24. Retrieved 2015-06-23.

[1BiMiles-150] Jeff Cobb (2015-06-23). "Happy 3rd Birthday Tesla Model S: Fleet Is First To Travel One Billion Miles". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2015-06-23.

[:1-151] "New Tesla Model S Now the Quickest Production Car in the World". www.tesla.com. 2016-08-23. Retrieved 2016-08-28.

[ModelS200k-152] Cobb, Jeff (2018-01-22). "Tesla Quietly Sold 200,000th Model S Last Year". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2018-01-23.

[Top2015Global-153] Cobb, Jeff (2016-01-12). "Tesla Model S Was World's Best-Selling Plug-in Car in 2015". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-01-23. The Tesla Model S was the top selling plug-in electric car in 2015 (50,366), followed by the Nissan Leaf (about 43,000), the Mitsubishi Outlander P-HEV (about 39,000), the BYD Qin (31,898) and the BMW i3 (24,057).

[US500k-154] Cobb, Jeff (2016-09-01). "Americans Buy Their Half-Millionth Plug-in Car". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-09-16. See graph: Top-10 selling plug-in electrified cars in the United States.

[Sales092016US-155] Cobb, Jeff (2016-10-04). "September 2016 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2016-10-04.

[Sales102016USrev-156] Cobb, Jeff (2016-11-02). "October 2016 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2016-11-04. Tesla sales for 3Q 2016 have been restated based upon information provided from the company corresponding to U.S. sales during 3Q 2016. Tesla reported 9,156 Model S and 5,428 Model X sold during the third quarter of 2016. The combined effect of both models totaled 1,116 less units than originally estimated, so the revised current-year-to-date figure for sales through September is 108,397 units. The revised CYTD figure for Model S is 20,856 and 12,328 for the Model X. October sales figures already reflect this adjustment.

[TeslaStats-157] Lasse Edvardsen (2019-04-30). "Tesla Registration Stats". Retrieved 2019-04-30.

[OFV2015-158] Norwegian Road Federation (OFV) (January 2016). "Bilsalget i desember" [Car sales in December] (in Norwegian). OFV. Archived from the original on 2016-01-24. Retrieved 2016-01-17. A total of 4,039 new Model S cars, 3,189 new Nissan Leaf and 2,403 new i3s, including the REx variant, were registered in Norway in 2015.

[OFV092016-159] Norwegian Road Federation (OFV) (October 2016). "Bilsalget i september" [Car sales in September] (in Norwegian). OFV. Retrieved 2016-11-05.

[CHImodelS092015-160] Jake Spring (2015-10-23). "CORRECTED-(OFFICIAL)-UPDATE 2-Tesla CEO says negotiating with China on local production". Reuters. Retrieved 2015-10-24. Tesla sold sold 3,025 Model S cars in China from January to September 2015.

[CHImodelS2014-161] Staff (2015-03-07). "Tesla cutting 30% of staff in China". Want China Times. Archived from the original on 2015-03-08. Retrieved 2015-03-09. Tesla imported 4,800 Model S cars in 2014, but only 2,499 of those vehicles were registered for road use in China.

[Nether2012_16-162] Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland (RVO) (October 2016). "Cijfers elektrisch vervoer – Top 10 geregistreerde modellen volledig elektrische auto (30-09-2016)" [Figures electric transport – Top 10 registered fully electric vehicle models (09-30-2016)] (in Dutch). RVO (Dutch National Office for Enterprising). Retrieved 2016-11-05. A total of 5,622 Model S sedans were registered in the Netherlands by the end of September 2016, ranking as the all-time top registered all-electric vehicle in the country.

[163] Sebastian Blanco (2012-07-25). "Ford C-Max Energi plug-in hybrid priced at $33,745; or $29,995 after tax credit *UPDATED". Autoblog Green. Retrieved 2012-07-24.

[Energi2013_14-164] U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Department of Energy (2014-06-12). "Compare Side-by-Side - 2013/14 Ford C-Max Plug-in Hybrid and 2013/14 Ford Fusion Plug-in Hybrid". Fueleconomy.gov. Retrieved 2014-06-13.

[USales1012-165] HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates (2012-11-04). "October 2012 Dashboard". HybridCars.com. Archived from the original on 2012-11-06. Retrieved 2012-11-04.

[Sales2014US-166] Jeff Cobb (2015-01-06). "December 2014 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2015-01-10. See section "December 2014 Battery Electric Car Sales Numbers"

[Sales2015US-167] Jeff Cobb (2016-01-06). "December 2015 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2016-03-20.

[Sales2016US-168] Cobb, Jeff (2017-01-05). "December 2016 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2017-02-21.

[CanadianEVsales-169] Klippenstein, Matthew. "Canadian Plug-in Electric Vehicle Sales". Green Car Reports 7date=February 2016. Retrieved 2017-02-21.Tesla Model S sales figures from IHS data.

[Sales2015NED-170] Jose, Pontes (2016-01-07). "Netherlands December 2015". EVSales.com. Retrieved 2016-03-13.

[GCCZoe40-171] "Renault boosts range of ZOE EV to 400 km with new 41 kWh pack option". Green Car Congress. Renault. 2016-09-29. Retrieved 2016-10-01.

[172] Antony Ingram (2012-12-17). "First Renault Zoe Electric Car Delivered In France". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2012-12-17.

[Zoe2013-173] Renault Press Release (2012-12-17). "Renault delivers first ZOE EV". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2012-12-17.

[174] Renault Media (2012-03-09). "Renault features production version of ZOE, Twizy EV at Geneva". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2012-05-14.

[Zoe50K-175] Cobb, Jeff (2016-08-01). "Renault Zoe and BMW i3 Join The 50,000 Sales Club". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-08-02.

[UK4Q2015-176] RAC Foundation. "Plug-in grant eligible vehicles licensed". UK: RAC Foundation. Retrieved 2016-04-15. Figures correspond to the number of vehicles registered at the end of the corresponding quarter. A total of 3,327 Zoes were registered in the UK at the end of 2015.

[Renault2011_2016-177] Groupe Renault (January 2017). "Ventes Mensuelles" [Monthly Sales] (in French). Renault.com. Retrieved 2017-01-18. Includes passenger and light utility variants. Click on "(décembre 2016)" to download the file "XLSX - 239 Ko" for CYTD sales in 2016, and open the tab "Sales by Model". Click on "+ Voir plus" (See more) to download the files "Ventes mensuelles du groupe (décembre 2011) (xls, 183 Ko)" "Ventes mensuelles (décembre 2012) (xls, 289 Ko)" - Ventes mensuelles (décembre 2013) (xlsx, 227 Ko)" - "XLSX - 220 Ko Ventes mensuelles (décembre 2014)" - "Ventes mensuelles (décembre 2015)" to download the file "XLSX - 227 Ko" for 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 sales. Sales figures for 2013 were revised in the 2014 report

[Top2015-178] Bruce, Chris (2016-01-20). "Renault Zoe was Europe's best-selling EV last year". Renault. Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2016-02-06.

[Top2016-179] France Mobilité Électrique - AVERE France (2017-01-30). "La France s'impose comme le leader des ventes de véhicules 100% électriques en Europe en 2016" [France has emerged as the leader in vehicle sales 100% electric in Europe in 2016] (in French). AVERE. Retrieved 2017-02-03.

[Top30PEVs2016Europe-180] Pontes, Jose (2017-02-03). "Europe's Best-Selling Electric Car = Renault Zoe". EV-Sales.blogspot.com. CleanTechnica.com. Retrieved 2017-02-25.

[TG1111-181] Piers Ward (November 2011). "Volvo V60 Plug-in Hybrid driven". Top Gear. Retrieved 2012-09-30.

[ABG1K-182] Sebastian Blanco (2012-09-28). "First 1,000 Volvo V60 Plug-in Hybrids already sold out". Autoblog Green. Retrieved 2012-09-30.

[183] Geraldine Ashton Green (2012-12-03). "Volvo increase production of new V60 Plug-in Hybrid". Motoring UK. Retrieved 2012-12-09.

[184] Fleet News (2013-06-12). "First UK delivery of V60 Plug-in Hybrid to Surrey eco business". Fleet News. Retrieved 2013-06-26.

[SwedenSales2012-185] "2012 (Full Year) Sweden: Best-Selling Electric Cars & Plug-In Hybrid Models". BestSellingCars.com. 2013-04-02. Retrieved 2015-04-26. A total of 42 units were sold in Sweden in 2012.

[VolvoSales2013-186] Jim Motavalli (2014-06-30). "Confirmed: Volvo To Offer Plug-In Hybrid Option on All Models". PluginCars.com. Retrieved 2014-09-03. Volvo sold 7,739 V60 plug-in hybrids in 2013.

[Europe2015-187] Gibbs, Nick (2016-03-15). "Hybrid sales expected to triple in Europe as tougher CO2 rules loom". Automotive News Europe. Retrieved 2016-02-22. Sales in Europe as reported by JATO Dynamics: VW Golf GTE sales totaled 1,097 units in 2014 and 17,300 in 2015; Audi A3 e-tron sales totaled 1,154 units in 2014 and 11,791 in 2015; Volvo V60 sales totaled 5,441 units in 2014 and 6,349 in 2015.

[Nether2015-188] Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland (RVO) (November 2015). "Cijfers elektrisch vervoer - Aantal geregistreerde elektrische voertuigen in Nederland - Top 5 geregistreerde modellen plug-in hybride elektrische voertuigen (31-10-2015) - Top 10 geregistreerde modellen volledig elektrische auto (31-10-2015)" [Figures electric transport - Number of registered electric vehicles in Netherlands, Top 5 registered plug-in electric hybrid vehicle models (10-31-2015) and Top 10 registered all-electric vehicle models (10-31-2015)] (in Dutch). RVO (Dutch National Office for Enterprising). Retrieved 2015-12-06. See under the heading "31-10-2015".

[Sweden2013_2014-189] Bil Sweden (2015-01-02). "Nyregistreringar december 2014 (prel)" [New registrations in December 2014 (preliminar)] (in Swedish). Bil Sweden. Retrieved 2015-01-04. Download file "Nyregistreringar december 2014 (prel)" see tables: "Nyregistrerade supermiljöbilar december 2014" with summary of plug-in passenger car registrations by model for 2013 (revised) and 2014.

[2014Accord-190] Antony Ingram (2012-11-30). "2014 Honda Accord Plug-In Hybrid Priced Sub-$41K, 115 MPGe". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2012-11-30.

[191] Pete Brissette (2013-01-21). "2014 Honda Accord Plug-in Hybrid Now Available in Calif. And New York". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2013-01-21.

[192] Honda News (2013-06-21). "Honda introduces Accord hybrid and plug-in in Japan; hybrid in US in October". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2014-02-22.

[193] Naoki Watanabe (2014-02-12). "Plug-in hybrids quickly becoming Japan's favorite way to drive green". Nikkei Asian Review. Archived from the original on 2014-02-19. Retrieved 2014-02-19.

[Sales062015US-194] Jeff Cobb (2015-07-02). "June 2015 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2015-07-11. See sections: "June 2015 Plug-in Hybrid Car Sales Numbers" and "June 2015 Battery Electric Car Sales Numbers"

[195] Mike Millikin (2015-06-15). "Honda discontinuing Civic Hybrid, Civic natural gas model, Accord plug-in hybrid; new BEV, PHEV models coming". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2015-06-20.

[JapPHEV-196] Jay Cole (2013-01-24). "Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV On Sale In Japan Today, Extended Promotional Video Released". Inside EVs. Retrieved 2013-01-28.

[Paris12-197] Seyth Miersma (2012-09-28). "Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV is world's first production plug-in hybrid CUV [w/video]". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2012-09-30.

[198] Michaël Torregrossa (2013-01-29). "Mitsubishi présentera la version européenne de l'Outlander PHEV à Genève" [Mitsubishi will present the European version of the Outlander PHEV in Geneva] (in French). Association pour l'Avenir du Véhicule Electrique Méditerranéen (AVEM). Retrieved 2013-01-30.

[199] Philippe Crowe (2013-10-22). "Outlander PHEV Now On Sale In Europe". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2013-10-25.

[Top10EU102015-200] Jeff Cobb (2015-10-01). "Why Europe Has Passed the US As Number One In Plug-in Electrified Vehicles". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2015-12-01. The top selling plug-in car in Europe during the first ten months of 2015 was the Mitsubishi Outlander P-HEV with 22,061 units. During this period the VW GTE sold 11,691 units and the Volvo V60 PHEV sold 4,185 units. As of October 2015, the Outlander P-HEV ranks as the all-time best selling PEV in Europe with over 50,000 units sold.

[201] Jeff Cobb (2013-09-24). "US-Market Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV Delayed Until 2015". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2013-09-25.

[USlaunch-202] Hans Greimel (2014-05-15). "Regulator request delays Outlander plug-in launch". Automotive News. Retrieved 2015-01-20.

[203] Stephen Edelstein (2015-01-27). "Mitsubishi Outlander Plug-In Hybrid On Sale In Q2 Of 2016, Now". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2015-01-28.

[204] Stephen Edelstein (2015-12-29). "2017 Mitsubishi Outlander Plug-In Hybrid: On Sale Late Summer, Now". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2015-12-30.

[USversion-205] King, Danny (2016-01-12). "Mitsubishi kills CHAdeMO on upcoming Outlander PHEV". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2016-03-19.

[206] Cobb, Jeff (2016-07-28). "Exclusive: 2017 Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV Postponed To Next Summer". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-07-30.

[Outlander100K-207] Cobb, Jeff (2016-05-03). "Mitsubishi Sells 100,000th Outlander PHEV". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-05-03. As of March 2016, the world's top selling plug-in electric cars are the Nissan Leaf (over 218,000), Tesla Model S (about 120,000), Chevrolet Volt and Ampera variants (over 110,000), Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV (over 100,000), and Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid (75,000). All figures cumulative global sales since market launch.

[OutlanderPHEV100K-208] "Global Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV Sales Pass the 100,000 Mark" (Press release). UK: Mitsubishi Motors UK. 2016-05-19. Archived from the original on 2016-06-24. Retrieved 2016-05-22. As of March 2016, a total of 65,529 units have been sold in Europe (21,052 in the UK and 44,477 in the rest of Europe), 33,730 in Japan, 2,015 in Australia and 259 in the rest of the world, for a total of 101,533 units sold worldwide.

[Outlander2016EU-209] "Mitsubishi Motors to supply 635 Outlander PHEVs to National Police of Ukraine" (Press release). Tokyo: Mitsubishi Motors. 2017-01-27. Retrieved 2017-02-11.

[Nether092016-210] "Cijfers elektrisch vervoer – Top 5 geregistreerde modellen plug-in hybride elektrische auto" [Figures electric transport – Top 5 registered plug-in hybrid electric vehicle models] (in Dutch). Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland. October 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2016. With a total of 24,765 Mitsubishi Outlander P-HEVs registered by the end of September 2016, the plug-in hybrid is the all-time top registered plug-in electric vehicle in the Netherlands.

[OutlanderUK25K-211] Millikin, Mike (2016-10-14). "Sales of Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV top 25K in UK, accounting for ~50% of all PHEVs there since 2010". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2016-10-14.

[EUtop2014-212] Nikki Gordon-Bloomfield (2015-01-19). "Nissan LEAF Electric Car Still Top in Europe After Four Years. Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV Top Plug-in for 2014". Transport Evolved. Retrieved 2015-01-20.

[PHEVs2015EU-213] Automotive Industry Data (AID) (2016-02-15). "PHEVs - Take off or transitory blip?". AID Newsletter. Retrieved 2016-02-19. The Mitsubishi's Outlander PHEV was the top-seller in Western Europe with 31,270 units sold.

[Top10_2014-214] Jeff Cobb (11 February 2015). "2014's Top-10 Global Best-Selling Plug-in Cars - 3. Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV – 31,136". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 17 February 2015. With 31,136 units sold in 2014, the Outlander P-HEV ranked third among the top selling plug-in electric cars in 2014, after the Tesla Model S (31,655) and the Nissan Leaf (61,507). Accounting for global cumulative sales through the end of 2014, the Outlander ranks fifth with almost 49,000 units sold.

[215] "All-Electric SAIC Roewe E50 Hits the Market at US$37,589". ChinaAuto Web. 2012-11-05. Retrieved 2013-02-09.

[216] Roewe Press Release (2012-11-04). "SAIC introducing Roewe E50 electric vehicle in China". Green Car Congress. Archived from the original on 2012-12-21. Retrieved 2013-02-09.

[China062013-217] "Sales of Plug-in EVs Up 42.7% to 5,889 in H1 2013". ChinaAutoWeb. 2013-07-11. Retrieved 2013-07-14. A total of 658 F3DMs and 730 e6s were sold during first half of 2013.

[218] He Wei (2013-01-24). "SAIC delivers first battery-powered car". China Daily. Retrieved 2013-02-09.

[Rimac-219] "Rimac Concept_One Impressive Design and Impressive Electric Sports". Info Tech Plus. Archived from the original on 2012-11-28. Retrieved 2012-12-13.

[220] Thomas Tamblyn (2012-07-12). "Rimac Concept_One electric hypercar to debut this September". T3. Retrieved 2013-12-19.

[jutarnji-221] "Rimac: 'Radim na novom modelu u klasi Bugattijeva Veyrona'". Jutarnji list (in Croatian). October 2, 2014. Retrieved October 2, 2014.

[222] Justin Berkowitz (2012-11-20). "2013 Ford Fusion Energi (You Know, the Plug-In Hybrid) Priced at $39,495". Car and Driver. Retrieved 2012-11-22.

[223] Jay Cole (2014-01-07). "Breaking: Ford Fusion Energi Gets A $4,000 Price Reduction To $34,700". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 2014-01-07.

[224] Sagar Patel (2013-03-01). "Mahindra Reva e2o price ranges from Rs 7 to 8.5 lakhs in states with no subsidy". Rushlane Daily Auto News. Archived from the original on 2013-03-22. Retrieved 2013-03-20.

[E20_1-225] "Mahindra launches electric car 'e20' priced at Rs 5.96 lakh". The Indian Express. 2013-03-18. Retrieved 2013-03-18.

[E20_2-226] Antony Ingram (2013-03-18). "Mahindra E2O Electric Minicar Launches In India, Nee Reva NXR". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2013-03-18.

[227] Zigwheels.com (2014-08-14). "Mahindra Reva e2o Premium launched at Rs 5.72 lakh". Economic Times. Retrieved 2014-12-23.

[228] BS staff (2013-11-15). "Govt support missing, M&M scales back plans for new electric vehicles". Business Standard. Retrieved 2013-12-09.

[SparkEVprice-229] Brian Thevenot (2013-05-23). "Chevy Spark EV lease highlights electric-car price cuts". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2013-05-23.

[230] "London to introduce new Ulta Low Emission Discount for Congestion Charge scheme; countering dieselization". Green Car Congress. 2013-04-24. Retrieved 2013-04-24.

[231] John Voelcker (2013-06-20). "First 2014 Chevrolet Spark EVs Now At CA, Oregon Dealers". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2013-06-20.

[232] Mark Kane (2013-10-30). "Sales of Chevy Spark EV Now Officially Underway in South Korea". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 2013-10-30.

[233] John Voelcker (2015-01-22). "2015 Chevrolet Spark EV To Go On Sale In Maryland This Spring". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2015-01-22.

[Sales112015US-234] Jeff Cobb (2015-12-02). "November 2015 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. Retrieved 2015-12-05.

[235] Chrysler Media (2013-04-13). "Fiat 500e priced at $32,500; 500e Pass program". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2013-04-14.

[236] Edward A. Sanchez (2013-02-05). "Fiat 500e Rated at 108 MPGe Highway, 87 Mile Range by EPA". Motor Trend. Retrieved 2013-02-10.

[237] Brent Snavely (2013-07-18). "Chrysler electric vehicle chief: Fiat 500e is 'just the first step'". Detroit Free Press. Retrieved 2013-07-28.

[Fiat500eMay16-238] Loveday, Eric (2016-06-10). "Fiat 500e Recalled Due To Software Glitch That Could Result In Shutdown". InsideEVs.com. Retrieved 2016-06-12.

[e-Up!Price-239] Volkswagen Media Services (2013-07-05). "XL1 and e-up! electrify the Silvretta E-Car Rally". Volkswagen. Archived from the original on 2013-07-13. Retrieved 2013-07-13.

[240] Christoph Rauwald (2013-10-23). "VW Calls Germany's 1 Million Electric-Car Goal Achievable". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2013-10-25.

[241] Jose Pontes (2014-01-26). "Europe December 2013". EV Sales. Retrieved 2014-01-26. A total of 1,465 e-ups! were sold in 2013..

[EU2014-242] "Nissan LEAF is the Best-Selling Electric Car in Europe For Fourth Year in a Row" (Press release). Rolle, Switzerland: Nissan GB. 2015-01-19. Retrieved 2015-12-07. A total of 5,365 e-ups! were sold in Europe in 2014..

[EU102015-243] Jose Pontes (2015-11-27). "Europe October 2015". EVSales.com. Retrieved 2015-12-05.

[i3Pricing-244] "US MSRP for BMW i3 EV will be $41,350, before incentives". Green Car Congress. 2013-07-22. Retrieved 2013-07-29.

[NYT072013-245] Benjamin Preston (2013-07-29). "BMW Unveils i3 Electric Car". The New York Times. Retrieved 2013-07-29.

[EPAi3A94-246] Cobb, Jeff (2016-08-11). "2017 BMW i3 EPA Rated For 114 Miles Range". HybridCars.com. Retrieved 2016-08-13.

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[China112016pax-272] Liu Wanxiang (2016-12-09). "乘联会：11月新能源乘用车销售4.2万辆众泰、比亚迪、吉利表现强劲" [By the Automobile Association: November new energy passenger car sales totaled 42,000 units. Zotye, BYD, Geely strong] (in Chinese). D1EV.com. Retrieved 2016-12-17. Sales of new energy passenger cars in China totaled 41,795 units in November 2016, consisting of 26,811 all-electric cars and 4,178 plug-in hybrids. BYD Auto sold 8,314 units in November 2016 consisting of 2,069 e6s, 2,113 e5s, 1,578 Tangs, 1,215 Qin EV300s, and 1,118 Qins.

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Alternative fuel vehicles
Human power	Electric bicycle Pedelec
Solar power	Solar vehicle Solar car Solar bus Electric aircraft Electric boat
Compressed-air engine	Compressed air car Compressed-air vehicle Tesla turbine
Electric motor	Battery-electric locomotive Battery electric vehicle Battery electric multiple unit Cater MetroTrolley Electric aircraft Electric bicycle Pedelec Electric boat Electric bus Battery electric bus Electric car List Electric truck Electric platform truck Electric vehicle Electric motorcycles and scooters Electric kick scooter Fuel cell vehicle Gyro flywheel locomotive Hybrid electric vehicle Hybrid train Motorized bicycle Neighborhood Electric Vehicle Plug-in electric vehicle List Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle Solar vehicle Solar car Solar bus
Biofuel ICE	Alcohol fuel Biodiesel Biogas Butanol fuel Biogasoline Common ethanol fuel mixtures E85 Ethanol fuel Flexible-fuel vehicle Methanol economy Methanol fuel Wood gas
Hydrogen	Fuel cell vehicle Hydrogen economy Hydrogen vehicle Hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicle
Others	Autogas Hybrid electric vehicle Liquid nitrogen vehicle Natural gas vehicle Propane Steam car
Multiple-fuel	Bi-fuel vehicle Flexible-fuel vehicle Hybrid vehicle Multifuel Plug-in hybrid
Documentaries	Who Killed the Electric Car? What Is the Electric Car? Revenge of the Electric Car
See also	Wind-powered vehicle Zero-emissions vehicle

List of modern production plug-in electric vehicles

Plug-in electric cars available for retail customers (2007–2017)

Current models

Models out of production (1970–2020)

Models for testing and pre-production

Plug-in electric motorcycles commercially produced

Models in pre-production and testing

Plug-in electric utility vehicles commercially produced

Models in pre-production and testing

Electric bicycles

See also

References

External links