List of ministerial by-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom
Ministerial by-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom at Westminster were held from 1801 to the 1920s when a member of parliament (MP) was appointed as a minister in the government. Unlike most Westminster by-elections, ministerial by-elections were often a formality, uncontested by opposition parties. Re-election was required under the Succession to the Crown Act 1707.[1] This was in line with the principle established in 1624 that accepting an office of profit from the Crown would precipitate resignation from the House, with the option of standing for re-election.[2] Typically a minister sought re-election in the constituency he had just vacated, but occasionally contested another seat which was also vacant. In 1910 The Times newspaper noted that the relevant Act had been passed in the reign of Queen Anne "to prevent the Court from swamping the House of Commons with placemen and pensioners", and described the process as "anomalous" and "indefensible" in the 20th century.[3] The Re-Election of Ministers Act 1919 ended the necessity to seek re-election within nine months of a general election,[2] and the Re-Election of Ministers Act (1919) Amendment Act 1926 ended the practice in all other cases.[1][2]
Ministerial by-elections
34th Parliament (1924–1929)
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Position | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
East Renfrewshire | 29 January 1926 | Alexander Munro MacRobert | Conservative | Alexander Munro MacRobert | Conservative | Solicitor General for Scotland | ||
Bury St Edmunds | 1 December 1925 | Walter Guinness | Conservative | Walter Guinness | Conservative | Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries |
31st Parliament (1919–1922)
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Position | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pontypridd | 25 July 1922 | Thomas Arthur Lewis | Coalition Liberal | Thomas Isaac Mardy Jones | Labour | Junior Lord of the Treasury | ||
Banbury | 22 June 1922[31 1] | Rhys Rhys-Williams | Coalition Liberal | Rhys Rhys-Williams | Coalition Liberal | Recorder of Cardiff | ||
Liverpool Exchange | 13 March 1922[31 1] | Leslie Scott | Coalition Conservative | Leslie Scott | Coalition Conservative | Solicitor General | ||
North Down | 23 June 1921[31 1] | Thomas Watters Brown | UUP | Thomas Watters Brown | UUP | Solicitor-General for Ireland | ||
Bedford | 23 April 1921 | Frederick Kellaway | Coalition Liberal | Frederick Kellaway | Coalition Liberal | Postmaster General | ||
Bewdley | 19 April 1921 | Stanley Baldwin | Coalition Conservative | Stanley Baldwin | Coalition Conservative | President of the Board of Trade | ||
Eddisbury | 19 April 1921[31 1] | Harry Barnston | Coalition Conservative | Harry Barnston | Coalition Conservative | Comptroller of the Household | ||
East Dorset | 16 April 1921[31 1] | Frederick Guest | Coalition Liberal | Frederick Guest | Coalition Liberal | Secretary of State for Air | ||
Glasgow Pollok | 14 April 1921[31 1] | John Gilmour | Coalition Conservative | John Gilmour | Coalition Conservative | Junior Lord of the Treasury | ||
Bristol West | 9 April 1921[31 1] | George Gibbs | Coalition Conservative | George Gibbs | Coalition Conservative | Treasurer of the Household | ||
Birmingham West | 31 March 1921[31 1] | Austen Chamberlain | Coalition Conservative | Austen Chamberlain | Coalition Conservative | Lord Privy Seal | ||
Dudley | 3 March 1921 | Arthur Griffith-Boscawen | Coalition Conservative | James Wilson | Labour | Appointment as Minister of Agriculture | ||
Middleton and Prestwich | 22 November 1920[31 1] | Sir William Adkins | Coalition Liberal | Sir William Adkins | Coalition Liberal | Recorder of Birmingham | ||
Sunderland | 24 April 1920 | Hamar Greenwood | Coalition Liberal | Hamar Greenwood | Coalition Liberal | Chief Secretary for Ireland | ||
Edinburgh South | 9 April 1920 | Charles Murray | Coalition Conservative | Charles Murray | Coalition Conservative | Solicitor General for Scotland | ||
Northampton | 1 April 1920 | Charles McCurdy | Coalition Liberal | Charles McCurdy | Coalition Liberal | Minister of Food Control | ||
Camberwell North West | 31 March 1920 | Thomas James McNamara | Coalition Liberal | Thomas James McNamara | Coalition Liberal | Minister of Labour | ||
Argyll | 10 March 1920 | William Sutherland | Coalition Liberal | William Sutherland | Coalition Liberal | Junior Lord of the Treasury |
- Uncontested
30th Parliament (August 1914 – 1918)
10th Parliament (1831–1832)
Date | Constituency | c/u | Former incumbent | Winner | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
31 July 1832 | Winchelsea | u | James Brougham | James Brougham | Clerk of Patents and Registrar of Affidavits at the Court of Chancery |
16 June 1832 | Cricklade | u | Robert Gordon | Robert Gordon | Commissioner of the Board of Control |
13 June 1832 | Calne | u | Thomas Babington Macaulay | Thomas Babington Macaulay | Commissioner of the Board of Control |
12 June 1832 | Taunton | u | Henry Labouchere | Henry Labouchere | Civil Lord of the Admiralty |
5 March 1832 | Ayr Burghs | u | Thomas Francis Kennedy | Thomas Francis Kennedy | Clerk of the Ordnance |
8 February 1832 | Westminster | u | Sir John Hobhouse | Sir John Hobhouse | Secretary at War |
9th Parliament (1830–1831)
8th Parliament (1826–1830)
7th Parliament (1820–1826)
6th Parliament (1818–1820)
5th Parliament (1812–1818)
4th Parliament (1807–1812)
3rd Parliament (1806–1807)
2nd Parliament (1802–1806)
1st Parliament (1801–1802)
See also
References
- Boothroyd, David. "Causes of Byelections since the 'Reform Act'". United Kingdom Election Results. demon.co.uk. Archived from the original on 8 August 2011. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
- Sandford, Mark (18 July 2013). "SN/PC/06395 : Resignation from the House of Commons" (PDF). House of Commons Background Papers. Parliament and Constitution Centre. pp. 1, 4. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
- "Election Intelligence. Walthamstow., The Osborne Judgment". The Times. 12 October 1910. p. 10. Retrieved 30 August 2012.(subscription required)
- Lamb sought re-election at Bletchingley
- Canning sought re-election at Seaford
- Wetherell sought re-election at Plympton Erle
- Canning sought re-election at Harwich
- George Henry Rose sought re-election at Christchurch
- Lowther sought re-election at Westmorland
- Bathurst sought re-election at Bodmin
- Vansittart sought re-election at East Grinstead
- Richard Wellesley sought re-election at East Grinstead
- Yorke sought re-election at St Germans
- Stopford sought re-election at Marlborough
- Petty sought re-election at Cambridge University
- Dallas sought re-election at the Dysart Burghs
- FitzHarris sought re-election at Horsham