List of French Jews

Jews have lived in France since Roman times, with a rich and complex history. In the Middle Ages, French kings expelled most of the original Ashkenazi Jewish population to Germany. Since the French Revolution (and Emancipation), Jews have been able to contribute to all aspects of French culture and society. Moreover, the Cremieux decree gave in 1870 the full French citizenship to North-African Jews, living in the Maghreb under French colonization. During World War II, a significant number of Jews living in Metropolitan France perished in the Holocaust, deported to Nazi death camps by the French Vichy government. After 1945, France served as a haven for Askhenazi refugees, then after the independence of Morocco, Tunisia and the end of Algerian War, an influx of immigration of Sephardi Jews saw the Jewish population triple to around 600,000, making it the largest Jewish community in Western Europe. Behind the United States and Israel, France ranks 3rd by Jewish population. In 2019, the Jewish Agency evaluated the Jewish population in France to be 450,000,[1] not mentioning French citizens with only one Jewish parent or grandparent.

Jews by country
Judaism portal

The following is a list of some prominent Jews and people of Jewish origins,[2] among others (not all of them practice, or practiced, the Jewish religion) who were born in, or are very strongly associated with, France. The French nationality law itself, strongly secular, forbids any statistics or lists based on ethnic or religious membership.[3]

Historical figures

Activists

Clergymen

Military

Nobles
  • Cahen d'Anvers, Papal title of 1867[17]
  • Liefmann Calmer, Baron of Picquigny and Viscount of Amiens
  • d'Estienne, one of the early Franco/Jewish ennoblements in 16th-century Provence, after the family converted to Catholicism and changed their name from Cohen to Estienne in 1501[18]
  • Maurice Ephrussi, Russian Empire-born, husband of Beatrice de Rothschild[19]
  • de Fould-Springer, Baron Eugène Fould-Springer[20]
  • Koenigswarter[21]
  • de Rothschild[22]

Philanthropists
  • Angelo Donati (1885–1960), Italian-born, from 1919 to 1960, saved the Jews from Nazi persecution in the Italian-occupied France between 1942 and 1943 while staying in Nice[23]

Politicians

Journalists

Academic figures

Scientists

Mathematicians

Social scientists

Cultural figures

Artists

Film and stage

Musicians

Writers and poets

Business figures

Sport figures
François Cevert

Other
  • Abraham of Aragon, Jewish physician specializing in diseases of the eye
  • Ilan Halimi (1982–2006), salesman; was kidnapped, tortured, and murdered by an anti-semitic gang thinking he was a wealthy man[247]

See also

References

Footnotes
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  3. (in French)Décision n° 2007-557 DC du 15 novembre 2007 Conseil Constitutionnel, 15 November 2007
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