Khasab

Khasab (Arabic: خَصَب‎, romanized: Ḫaṣab) is a city in an exclave of Oman bordering the United Arab Emirates. It is the local capital of the Musandam Governorate, and has frequently been dubbed the "Norway of Arabia" because of its extensive fjord-like craggy inlets and desolate mountainscapes.[1][2][3][4]

Khasab

خَصَب
Town
Central square of Khasab
Khasab
Location in Oman
Coordinates: 26°11′N 56°15′E
Country Oman
GovernorateMusandam Governorate
Population
 (2003)
 • Total17,730
Time zoneUTC+4 (GST)
Purple - Portuguese in the Persian Gulf in the 16th and 17th century. Main cities, ports and routes.

Khasab is a small city when compared to nearby cities of the United Arab Emirates. It has many residents who mostly live in mainland Oman and come to Khasab for vacations. There is a huge population of Indians, Pakistanis and Bangladeshis, like in mainland Oman, who work in restaurants, grocery stores, supermarkets, tour operators and many other places.

The city is surrounded by the northern mountains of the Western Hajar Range.[5] Khasab has a fully functional hospital and several hotels, beaches and parks across the city. The city's population is dominated by ethnic Omanis from the mainland. Khasab also has a fort which is known as Khasab Fort. The sea port is dominated by the dhows which take tourists for a cruise across the natural, dry "fjords".

The city is frequently visited by residents of UAE as the Khasab Coastal Road provides access to the city from UAE by connecting with the E11 Highway in the UAE side. The city can also be accessed by the ferry which is maintained by the Government. The ferries are modern.[6]

History

The Portuguese built Khasab at the beginning of the 17th century, at the height of their naval presence in the region. The natural harbour gave shelter from rough seas. Unlike many forts, which were built on high ground for defensive purposes, Khasab was designed as a supply point for dates and water for Portuguese ships sailing through the strait. Today, Khasab is protected from floods by three large dams.[7]

Economy
Khasab Castle

Access to the area by land was virtually impossible until a modern coast road was built, which allows fast access from the United Arab Emirates, making Khasab a popular weekend destination for people living in the Emirates. The new road also allows access to the village of Tawi, where prehistoric drawings of boats, animals and warriors can be seen in the rock face.[7] Khasab also has a number of modern shopping areas with imported Irani goods and locally created pottery, and a few hotels, including the Khasab Hotel, Atana Musandam Resort and Atana Khasab Hotel, which sits on a cliff overlooking the Persian Gulf.[1]

Khasab has an interesting trading position, which hinges on its proximity to Iran. Iranians export sheep and goats into the local port, from where the animals are dispatched to the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia in trucks. On their return trip to the Islamic Republic, the sailors load their boats up with electronic goods and American cigarettes, arriving in Khasab after sunrise and leaving before sunset to conform with Omani immigration laws. Since the trading is illegal under Iranian law, they must avoid the Islamic Republic's coastguard as well as all other shipping in the busy waters of the Strait of Hormuz. The crossing is hazardous since the vessels, piled high either with livestock or with numerous boxes must avoid the path of the scores of oil-tankers which pass through the Strait in a transverse direction daily.[7] Recent increases of United States' sanctions against Iran have increased the amount of smuggling done through Khasab.[8]

Tourism
Telegraph Island. Dow tours from Khasab take visitors to these remains of the former British telegraph station.

Boats from Khasab take tourists on trips to view the dolphins common in the waters around the Musandam, as well as to visit Telegraph Island, for a short time (between 1865 and 1868) the site of a manned telegraph repeater station on the cable section between Bahrain and Mumbai.

Scuba Diving

Scuba diving is relatively new in the region, most of the diving has based on the upper east coast of Musandam however a new operator to the area, Freestyle Divers,[9] is researching sites closer to Khasab on the West side. Diving courses such as PADI open water course through to Dive Instructor courses are available at the dive Centre based at Atana Musandam in Khasab. The diving is variable regarding conditions, visibility and currents can be unpredictable so diving with local professionals is strongly advised. The underwater life can range from nudibranchs to black tip reef sharks, on a clear day many species of shoaling fish can be observed, cuttle fish, rays, in fact all species common to the Strait of Hormuz.

Climate

Khasab has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh) with very hot and humid summers and mild winters. Precipitation is low, and mostly falls from December to March.

The Airport of Khasab, located few miles inland from the coast, on 27 June 2011, recorded the world calendar day highest minimum temperature of 41.2 °C (106.2 °F), until Death Valley, California, United States, broke the record by 0.5 °C (0.9 °F) on 12 July 2012.[10] On 17 June 2017, Khasab reached the highest night-time low temperature recorded so far at 44.2 °C (111.6 °F).[11]

Climate data for Khasab
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 30.8
(87.4)		 32.0
(89.6)		 37.5
(99.5)		 43.0
(109.4)		 46.2
(115.2)		 49.0
(120.2)		 47.7
(117.9)		 47.5
(117.5)		 44.0
(111.2)		 41.4
(106.5)		 36.0
(96.8)		 31.0
(87.8)		 49.0
(120.2)
Average high °C (°F) 24.4
(75.9)		 24.9
(76.8)		 28.0
(82.4)		 33.5
(92.3)		 37.8
(100.0)		 39.2
(102.6)		 39.8
(103.6)		 38.6
(101.5)		 37.2
(99.0)		 34.5
(94.1)		 30.2
(86.4)		 25.9
(78.6)		 32.8
(91.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 20.2
(68.4)		 20.8
(69.4)		 23.8
(74.8)		 28.7
(83.7)		 32.8
(91.0)		 34.4
(93.9)		 35.3
(95.5)		 34.7
(94.5)		 33.1
(91.6)		 30.1
(86.2)		 25.7
(78.3)		 21.7
(71.1)		 28.4
(83.2)
Average low °C (°F) 15.6
(60.1)		 16.2
(61.2)		 19.4
(66.9)		 23.9
(75.0)		 27.9
(82.2)		 30.0
(86.0)		 31.3
(88.3)		 31.1
(88.0)		 29.3
(84.7)		 25.5
(77.9)		 20.9
(69.6)		 17.3
(63.1)		 24.0
(75.3)
Record low °C (°F) 10.5
(50.9)		 10.0
(50.0)		 10.0
(50.0)		 15.5
(59.9)		 21.5
(70.7)		 25.0
(77.0)		 23.8
(74.8)		 27.0
(80.6)		 22.0
(71.6)		 16.0
(60.8)		 12.0
(53.6)		 8.4
(47.1)		 8.4
(47.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 44.8
(1.76)		 49.1
(1.93)		 46.3
(1.82)		 8.8
(0.35)		 1.9
(0.07)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.8
(0.03)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 2.9
(0.11)		 32.1
(1.26)		 186.7
(7.33)
Average relative humidity (%) 63 66 62 53 60 63 66 70 69 63 61 62 63
Source: NOAA (1961-1990) [12]
  • Indo-Pacific humpbacked dolphin off Khasab

See also

References
  1. Karim, Rose Yasmin (February 21, 2009), Fjords & flippers, The Star, retrieved November 11, 2009
  2. Khasab, Oman Air, archived from the original on 2009-08-31, retrieved November 11, 2009
  3. Musandam is a glimpse of the real Arabia, Travel Weekly, September 28, 2006, retrieved November 11, 2009
  4. A Mountain Of Thirst, Outlook, February 2, 2004, archived from the original on 2006-02-21, retrieved November 11, 2009
  5. Lancaster, Fidelity; Lancaster, William (2011). Honour is in Contentment: Life Before Oil in Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE) and Some Neighbouring Regions. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 3–598. ISBN 3-1102-2339-2.
  6. "Fleet". National Ferries Company. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  7. Wells, Rhona (February 1, 2004), The Norway of Arabia, The Middle East, retrieved November 11, 2009
  8. Al Shaibany, Saleb (November 1, 2009). "US sanctions help Omani fishermen survive as smugglers". The National. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  9. Dive-Khasab
  10. June 2011 Global Weather Extremes Summary, Weather Underground, September 8, 2011, retrieved September 8, 2011
  11. Masters, Jeff (22 June 2017). "A World Record Low Humidity? 116°F With a 0.36% Humidity in Iran". Weather Underground. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
  12. "Khasab Climate Normals 1961-1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 15, 2013.
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