Jining

Jining (simplified Chinese: 济宁; traditional Chinese: 濟寧 / 濟寗; pinyin: Jǐníng) is a prefecture-level city in southwestern Shandong province. It borders Heze to the southwest, Zaozhuang to the southeast, Tai'an to the northeast, and the provinces of Henan and Jiangsu to the northwest and south respectively. Jining, which is located directly to the north of Lake Nanyang (Chinese: 南阳湖; pinyin: Nányáng Hú), is today the northernmost city reachable by navigation on the Grand Canal of China making it an important inland port.

This article is about the city in Shandong. For the district in Inner Mongolia, see Jining District.

Jining

济宁市

Tsining
Prefecture-level city
Jining Railway Station
Coordinates (Jining municipal government): 35°24′54″N 116°35′14″E
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceShandong
County-level divisions12
Municipal seatShizhong District
Government
 • MayorFu Mingxian (傅明先)
Area
 • Prefecture-level city11,186.97 km2 (4,319.31 sq mi)
 • Urban
1,534.2 km2 (592.4 sq mi)
 • Metro
884 km2 (341 sq mi)
Population
 (2010 census)
 • Prefecture-level city8,081,905
 • Density720/km2 (1,900/sq mi)
 • Urban
1,859,406
 • Urban density1,200/km2 (3,100/sq mi)
 • Metro
1,241,012
 • Metro density1,400/km2 (3,600/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Area code(s)0537
ISO 3166 codeCN-SD-08
License Plate Prefix鲁H

Its population was 8,081,905 at the 2010 census, of whom 1,241,012 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made up of Rencheng urban district on 884 km2 (341 sq mi), Yanzhou district not being totally conurbated yet.

History
Taibai Lou, a memorial for Li Bai.

The name Jining was first given to the region in the year 1271 during the Song dynasty, although the exact area and type of administrative district it refers to have varied over the centuries.[1] Jining has several distinctive associations in Chinese history and culture, as in antiquity it was the birthplace and home of Confucius, along with many of his more famous disciples, including Mencius. Temples to a number of these philosophers still exist in various parts of the prefecture. Liangshan, a county of Jining, is also famous as the principal setting of the Chinese literary classic, Water Margin.

COVID-19 outbreak

In 2020, the Shandong government reported that a prison guard at Rencheng jail in Jining had shown COVID-19 symptoms in early February and that subsequently more than 2,000 inmates and staff were tested, with 200 prisoners and seven officers coming back positive.[2][3] The provincial government said Xie Weijun, party secretary for Shandong's department of justice, and seven prison officials had been sacked for mismanagement of the outbreak.[3]

Administration
Map including Jining (labeled as CHI-NING (TSINING) (walled) 濟寗) (AMS, 1954)

The prefecture-level city of Jining administers 11 county-level divisions, including two districts, two county-level cities and seven counties.

Map

Geography
Climate data for Jining (1981–2010 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 4.8
(40.6)		 8.3
(46.9)		 13.9
(57.0)		 21.2
(70.2)		 26.6
(79.9)		 31.2
(88.2)		 31.6
(88.9)		 30.6
(87.1)		 26.9
(80.4)		 21.4
(70.5)		 13.3
(55.9)		 6.6
(43.9)		 19.7
(67.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) −0.4
(31.3)		 2.7
(36.9)		 8.3
(46.9)		 15.5
(59.9)		 21.0
(69.8)		 25.6
(78.1)		 27.2
(81.0)		 26.0
(78.8)		 21.5
(70.7)		 15.5
(59.9)		 7.8
(46.0)		 1.5
(34.7)		 14.4
(57.8)
Average low °C (°F) −4.7
(23.5)		 −1.9
(28.6)		 3.2
(37.8)		 9.8
(49.6)		 15.3
(59.5)		 20.3
(68.5)		 23.2
(73.8)		 22.0
(71.6)		 16.7
(62.1)		 10.4
(50.7)		 3.1
(37.6)		 −2.6
(27.3)		 9.6
(49.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 7.2
(0.28)		 10.5
(0.41)		 19.0
(0.75)		 32.6
(1.28)		 58.4
(2.30)		 84.9
(3.34)		 156.2
(6.15)		 162.1
(6.38)		 73.7
(2.90)		 34.5
(1.36)		 20.3
(0.80)		 8.5
(0.33)		 667.9
(26.28)
Average relative humidity (%) 63 60 58 60 64 64 78 81 75 70 69 67 67
Source: China Meteorological Administration[4]

Economy

Jining is situated in a coal mining area in the southwest of Shandong. An industrial city, Jining has a coal-fired power station, the Jining Power Plant. The city is served by Jining Airport.

Notable people
Jining Dongdasi Mosque
  • Confucius (551 – 479 BC), central Chinese thinker, founder of Confucianism (main temple and tomb in Qufu)
  • Zengzi (505 BC - 436 BC), Chinese philosopher and author, principal lineage protector and promoter of Confucianism
  • Mencius (372 – 289 BC), Chinese thinker, a principal interpreter of Confucianism (main temple in Zoucheng)
  • Yan Hui (521 BC - 490 BC), one of the famous disciples of Confucius (temple in Qufu)
  • Lu Ban (507–440 BC), Chinese engineer, philosopher, inventor, military thinker
  • Zuo Qiuming (5th century BC), Chinese court writer of the State of Lu, and contemporary of Confucius during the Spring and Autumn period.
  • Pan Xiaoting (1982–), the first professional pool player from China to play full-time on the WPBA Tour.
  • Kong Shangren (1648–1718), a Chinese Qing Dynasty dramatist and poet best known for his chuanqi play The Peach-Blossom Fan
  • Qiao Yu (1927–), a famous Chinese modern songwriter and play writer.

Sister cities

References
  1. Jining Statistical Almanac, 2011, in Jining Statistical Information Net Archived 5 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine
  2. "Coronavirus Found in China Prisons, as Cases Spike in South Korea". NPR. 21 February 2020.
  3. "Coronavirus cases have not yet peaked, Xi Jinping tells Politburo". SCMP. 21 February 2020.
  4. 中国气象数据网 - WeatherBk Data (in Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  5. "Fort Smith becomes sister city with Jining, China". Retrieved 10 March 2015.
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