J.R.R. Tolkien Encyclopedia

The J.R.R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment, edited by Michael D. C. Drout, was published by Routledge in 2006. A team of 127 Tolkien scholars on 720 pages cover topics of Tolkien's fiction, his academic works, his intellectual and spiritual influences, and his biography. Co-editors were Douglas A. Anderson and Verlyn Flieger (both Drout's co-editors also of Tolkien Studies), Marjorie Burns and Tom Shippey.[1][2]

J.R.R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment
EditorMichael D. C. Drout
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
SubjectJ. R. R. Tolkien
PublisherRoutledge
Publication date
2006
Media typeHardcover
Pages720
ISBN978-0415969420
OCLC71004244
828/.91209 22
LC ClassPR6039.O32 Z664 2007

Contents

Michael D. C. Drout's aim for this project as stated in the volume's introduction was to make it appealing to a wide group of readers.[1] The volume has over 125 contributors from a wide variety of countries.[1] Entries in the volume discuss their concepts connections with various works of Tolkien, as well as related literary criticism and theory.[1]

Themes covered by the essays, as listed in full in the volume's "Thematic list of entries", include adaptations for cinema, stage, and television; art and illustrations; characters; critical history; influence; languages real and invented; biography; literary sources; literature; creatures, peoples, objects, and places of Middle-earth; reception; scholarship by Tolkien; stylistic elements; Tolkien's themes; theological and philosophical concepts; contemporary history and culture; and Tolkien's literary works.

Reviews

Kelley Wickham-Crowley in his lengthy review of this work noted that the quality of individual entries was very uneven, and that while some entries were written by experts and were highly interesting and informative, others were much less so; in his own words, "the quality of entries can run the gamut from masterful to pedestrian". He wrote that "For characters in particular, entries that rehearse attributes and deeds suffer in comparison to more sophisticated analysis where we learn something or are graced with a perceptive insight or new direction of enquiry". Further, Wickham-Crowley suggested that a number of entries should have been merged. For example, some entries, like those on "Hobbits" and "Shire", repeat most of their corresponding content with few changes and should have likely ended up combined. Similarly, topics like "Environmentalism and Eco-Criticism" and "Environmentalist Readings of Tolkien" or "Comedy" and "Humor" may also not have warranted separate sections. Inclusion of some topics was rather surprising and arbitrary to Wickham-Crowley, for example the entries on "Thomas Aquinas" or "Law" (the latter focusing on theology instead of civil, or in-universe examples). In the end, Wickham-Crowley concluded, the level of contributors, and their contributions, varied significantly.[1]

Wickham-Crowley attributed the failings of this work to insufficient copyediting by the press, noting that it was "badly served" by Taylor and Francis's acquisition of Routledge, which, during the ensuing restructuring of its acquisitions, discontinued the Routledge encyclopedia division while this work was in production. This effectively led to the Tolkien Encyclopedia's publication being unfinished, a view endorsed by its chief editor, Michael D. C. Drout. The final volume is missing not only about a hundred of the planned illustrations, but a number of entries were not properly proofed, nor were a number of errors corrected.[1] Wickham-Crowley noted that while some entries were excellent, the work sports a "multitude of errors in word omission, grammar, spelling, spacing, word division, and bibliographic format [and other] embarrassing mistakes." In the end, Wickham-Crowley concluded that the project was ambitious, but execution was marred by a number of flaws.[1]

Likewise, Jennifer Goodfellow in her review noted that the entries varied significantly, with some offering only a short summary of a topic, while others were much more in-depth. She noted that the organization of entries was not optimal, but concluded that the work was "an excellent resource for serious scholars of English literature as well as those with a general interest in Tolkien".[3]

Tracy Carr in her short review of the work noted that it was intended more for scholars than Tolkien fans, as it aimed to engage more with the real-world theories than describe the world Tolkien created. She concluded the volume was "a suitable starting place" for "budding scholars" of Tolkien.[2]

See also

References
  1. Wickham-Crowley, Kelley M. (2007). "J.R R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment (review)". Tolkien Studies. 4 (1): 266–278. doi:10.1353/tks.2007.0033. ISSN 1547-3163.
  2. Carr, Tracy (4 August 2011). "Sources: J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment". Reference & User Services Quarterly. 47 (3): 291–292. doi:10.5860/rusq.47n3.291. ISSN 1094-9054.
  3. Goodfellow, Jennifer (15 February 2008). "J.R.R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment". Reference Reviews. doi:10.1108/09504120810855011. ISSN 0950-4125.
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