HS-376

The Boeing 376 (sometimes referred to as the BSS-376, and previously as the HS-376) is a communications satellite bus introduced in 1978 by Hughes Space and Communications Company. It was a spin-stabilized bus that the manufacturer claims was the first standardized platform.[1][2]

Boeing 376
ManufacturerBoeing Satellite Development Center
Country of originUnited States
ApplicationsCommunications satellite
Specifications
Spacecraft typeSpin-stabilized
Power800 to 2,000 Watts
Production
StatusRetired
Built58
On order58
Launched58
Maiden launchAnik C1 April 12, 1985
Last launcheBird 1 September 27, 2003
Related spacecraft
Derived fromHS-333
DerivativesHS-393
← HS-333 Boeing 601 →


Design

The satellite bus was designed and manufactured by Hughes. This spin-stabilized platform had two main sections. The spinning section was kept rotating at 50 rpm to maintain attitude, and a despun section was used by the payload to maintain radio coverage.[3][4][4]

The spinning section included the apogee kick motor, most of the attitude control, the power subsystem and the command and telemetry subsystems. The despun section contained the communications payload, including the antennas and transponders.[3][4]

The stock version had a launch mass of 1,100 to 1,450 kg (2,430 to 3,200 lb), a mass of 540 to 790 kg (1,190 to 1,740 lb) after reaching geostationary orbit and an 8 to 10-year design life. When stowed for launch, its dimensions were 2.8 to 3.15 m (9 ft 2 in to 10 ft 4 in) in height and 2.16 m (7 ft 1 in) in diameter. With its solar panels fully extended its height was 6.6 to 8 m (22 to 26 ft).[5][6][4]

Its power system generated approximately 1,100 to 1,200 watts of power at beginning of life, thanks to two cylindrical solar panels.The bottom panel was retracted around the body and top panel for launch, and extended downwards for operation. It also had two NiCd batteries for solar eclipses.[5][6][4]

Versions

There were four variations of this platform:

  • HS-376: The original version of the platform was launched in 1977. It had a mass between 1.1 to 1.45 t (1.21 to 1.60 tons).[2]
  • HS-376L: The Longer life version of the platform was launched in 1991. It had reduced power of 700 Watts and reduced electronics weight, which allowed for increased station keeping propellant supply. This lengthened the design life to 13.5 years.[2][7][5]
  • HS-376HP: A Higher Power version of the platform was launched in 1995. It had a mass between 1.45 to 1.55 t (1.60 to 1.71 tons).[2]
  • HS-376W: The Wide version of the platform was launched in 1990. It was wider, more powerful and modernized electronics. It was a joint development with INPE. It had a diameter of 3.43 m (11.3 ft) and more power.[2][8][9]

Satellites

The HS-376 was a very successful satellite platform with 58 satellites ordered, built and launched. It was also the first satellite to launch from the Space Shuttle.[2]

Satellite Other Names Operator Model Ordered Launch Launch Vehicle Launch Result Mass at launch (kg) Mass at BOL (kg) Remarks
SBS 1HS-37619771980-11-15Delta-3910/PAM-DSuccess1117540[6][10]
SBS 2HS-37619771981-09-24Delta-3910/PAM-DSuccess1117540[6][10]
Westar 4HS-37619801982-02-26Delta-3910/PAM-DSuccess1100582
Westar 5HS-37619821982-06-09Delta-3910/PAM-DSuccess1100582
Anik D1HS-3761982-08-26Delta-3920/PAM-DSuccess1140634
Anik C3HS-37619781982-11-11Shuttle/PAM-DSuccess1140563
SBS 3HS-37619811982-11-11Shuttle/PAM-DSuccess1117540[6][10]
Anik C2Nahuel I2HS-37619781983-06-18Shuttle/PAM-DSuccess1140563
Palapa B1Palapa Pacific 1HS-37619801983-06-18Shuttle/PAM-DSuccess1200692[4][11]
Galaxy 1HS-3761983-06-28Delta-3920/PAM-DSuccess1200709
Telstar 301Arabsat-1EHS-37619801983-07-28Delta-3920/PAM-DSuccess1140653
Galaxy 2HS-3761983-09-22Delta-3920/PAM-DSuccess1200709
Palapa B2HS-37619801984-02-03Shuttle/PAM-DPAM ignition failed, satellite recovered1200692Launched along Westar 6. PAM-D failed to ignite, Shuttle recovered the satellite. Was relaunched as Palapa B2R.[4][11]
Westar 6HS-3761984-02-03Shuttle/PAM-DPAM ignition failed, satellite recovered1244582Launched along Palapa B2. PAM-D failed to ignite, Shuttle recovered the satellite. Was relaunched as AsiaSat 1.
SBS 4HGS 5HS-37619831984-08-30Shuttle/PAM-DSuccess1117540[6][10]
Telstar 302HS-37619801984-08-30Shuttle/PAM-DSuccess1140653
Galaxy 3HS-3761984-09-21Delta-3920/PAM-DSuccess1200709
Anik D2Satcom 4R
Arabsat 1D		HS-3761984-11-08Shuttle/PAM-DSuccess1140634
Brasilsat-A1SBTS 1HS-37619821985-02-08Ariane 3Success1195N/A
Anik C1Nahuel I1
Brasil 1T		HS-37619781985-04-12Shuttle/PAM-DSuccess1140563
Morelos 1HS-37619821985-06-17Shuttle/PAM-DSuccess1140647
Telstar 303HS-37619801985-06-17Shuttle/PAM-DSuccess1140653
Aussat A1Optus A1HS-37619821985-08-27Shuttle/PAM-DSuccess1250654
Aussat A2Optus A2HS-37619821985-11-27Shuttle/PAM-DSuccess1250654
Morelos 2HS-37619821985-11-27Shuttle/PAM-DSuccess1140647
Brasilsat-A2SBTS 2HS-37619821986-03-28Ariane 3Success1195N/A
Palapa B2PPalapa B3
Agila 1		HS-37619841987-03-20Delta-3920/PAM-DSuccess1200692[4][11]
Aussat A3Optus A3HS-37619821987-09-16Ariane 3Success1250696
SBS 5HS-37619831988-09-08Ariane 3Success1117540[6][10]
Marcopolo 1Sirius 1
Sirius W		HS-37619871989-08-27Delta-4925Success1250660
AsiaSat 1HS-3761990-04-07Long March 3Success1244582Was Westar 6, but the launch on Space Shuttle failed. It was recovered and launched again as AsiaSat 1.
Palapa B2RNewSat 1HS-3761990-04-13Delta-6925-8Success1200692Was Palapa B2, but the launch on Space Shuttle failed. It was recovered and launched again as Palapa B2R.[4][11]
Marcopolo 2Thor 1HS-37619871990-08-18Delta-6925-8Success1250662
ProwlerHS-3761990-11-15Shuttle/PAM-DSuccessN/AN/A
Galaxy 5HS-37619891992-03-14Atlas ISuccess1390788
Palapa B4HS-3761992-05-14Delta-7925-8Success1200692[4]
Galaxy 1RHS-37619891992-08-22Atlas IFailure1390788Launch failure
Galaxy 6Westar 6SHS-37619831992-10-12Ariane-44LSuccess1390709
Thaicom 1Thaicom 1AHS-376L19911993-12-18Ariane-44LSuccess1080629[5]
Galaxy 1R2HS-37619921994-02-19Delta-7925-8Success1390788
APSTAR-1ZX-5EHS-37619921994-07-21Long March 3Success1400726
Brasilsat B1HS-376W19901994-08-10Ariane-44LPSuccess17571052[8][9]
Thaicom 2HS-376L19911994-10-07Ariane-44LSuccess1080629[5]
Brasilsat B2HS-376W19901995-03-28Ariane-44LPSuccess17571052[8][9]
MEASAT-1AFRICASAT-1HS-37619941996-01-12Ariane-44LSuccess1450886
Galaxy 9HS-37619951996-05-24Delta-7925Success1390788
APSTAR-1AZX-5DHS-37619951996-07-03Long March 3Success1400726
ZX 7Chinasat-7
HGS 2		HS-37619951996-08-18Long March 3Failure1384734Launch failure
MEASAT-2AFRICASAT-2HS-37619941996-11-13Ariane-44LSuccess1450886
BSAT-1aHS-37619931997-04-16Ariane-44LPSuccess1236723[3]
Thor 2HS-376HP19951997-05-20Delta-7925Success1467853
Brasilsat B3HS-376W19951998-02-04Ariane-44LPSuccess17571052[8][9]
BSAT-1bHS-37619931998-04-28Ariane-44PSuccess1236723[3]
Thor 3HS-376HP19971998-06-10Delta-7925Success1451853
Sirius 3HS-376HP19971998-10-05Ariane-44LSuccess1465815
Bonum 1HS-376HP19971998-11-22Delta-7925Success1425793
Brasilsat B4HS-376W19982000-08-17Ariane-44LPSuccess17571052[8][9]
Astra 2DHS-376HP19992000-12-20Ariane 5GSuccess1445824
Astra 3AHS-376HP20002002-03-29Ariane-44LSuccess1514908
eBird 1Eurobird 3
Eutelsat 33A
Eutelsat 31A		HS-376HP20002003-09-27Ariane 5GSuccess1530895

See also

References
  1. "Boeing 376". Boeing Satellite Development Center. Archived from the original on 2010-03-05. Retrieved 2016-08-16.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  2. Krebs, Gunter Dirk (2016-04-21). "Hughes / Boeing: HS-376 / BSS-376". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2016-08-16.
  3. "BSAT-1". Boeing Satellite Development Center. Archived from the original on 2010-02-07. Retrieved 2016-08-18.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  4. "Palapa-B". Boeing Satellite Development Center. Archived from the original on 2010-02-07. Retrieved 2016-08-18.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  5. "THAICOM". Boeing Satellite Development Center. Archived from the original on 2010-02-07. Retrieved 2016-08-18.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  6. "SBS". Boeing Satellite Development Center. Archived from the original on 2010-02-07. Retrieved 2016-08-18.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  7. Krebs, Gunter Dirk (2016-08-08). "Thaicom 1, 2". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2016-08-18.
  8. "Brasilsat B". Boeing Satellite Development Center. Archived from the original on 2010-02-07. Retrieved 2016-08-18.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  9. Krebs, Gunter Dirk (2016-04-17). "Brasilsat B 1, 2, 3, 4". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2016-08-18.
  10. Krebs, Gunter Dirk (2016-04-17). "SBS 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 / HGS 5". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2016-08-18.
  11. Krebs, Gunter Dirk (2016-04-17). "Palapa B1, B2, B2P, B2R, B4 / Palapa Pacific / Agila 1 / NewSat 1". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2016-08-18.
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