Fulbright Program

The Fulbright Program, including the Fulbright–Hays Program, is one of several United States Cultural Exchange Programs whose goal is to improve intercultural relations, cultural diplomacy, and intercultural competence between the people of the United States and other countries through the exchange of persons, knowledge, and skills. Via the program, competitively-selected American citizens including students, scholars, teachers, professionals, scientists and artists may receive scholarships or grants to study, conduct research, teach, or exercise their talents abroad; and citizens of other countries may qualify to do the same in the United States of America. The program was founded by United States Senator J. William Fulbright in 1946 and is considered to be one of the most widely recognized and prestigious scholarships in the world.[1] The program provides approximately 8,000 grants annually – roughly 1,600 to U.S. students, 1,200 to U.S. scholars, 4,000 to foreign students, 900 to foreign visiting scholars, and several hundred to teachers and professionals.[2]

Official Fulbright Program logo used since May 2019

The Fulbright Program is administered by cooperating organizations such as the Institute of International Education and operates in over 160 countries around the world.[3] The Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the U.S. Department of State sponsors the Fulbright Program and receives funding from the United States Congress via annual appropriation bills. Additional direct and in-kind support comes from partner governments, foundations, corporations, and host institutions both in and outside the U.S.[4] In 49 countries, a bi-national Fulbright Commission administers and oversees the Fulbright Program. In countries that have an active program but no Fulbright Commission, the Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy oversees the Fulbright Program. More than 370,000 people have participated in the program since it began; 60 Fulbright alumni have won Nobel Prizes; 86 have won Pulitzer Prizes.[5][6]

History

J. William Fulbright

The Fulbright Program's mission is to bring a little more knowledge, a little more reason, and a little more compassion into world affairs and thereby increase the chance that nations will learn at last to live in peace and friendship.[7]
— Senator J. William Fulbright

In 1945, Senator J. William Fulbright proposed a bill to use the proceeds from selling surplus U.S. government war property to fund international exchange between the U.S. and other countries. With the crucial timing of the aftermath of the Second World War and with the pressing establishment of the United Nations, the Fulbright Program was an attempt to promote peace and understanding through educational exchange. The bill devised a plan to forgo the debts foreign countries amassed during the war and in return for funding an international educational program. It was through the belief that this program would be an essential vehicle to promote peace and mutual understanding between individuals, institutions and future leaders wherever they may be.[8]

On August 1, 1946, President Harry S. Truman signed the bill into law, and Congress created the Fulbright Program in what became the largest education exchange program in history.

Since it began, the program has operated on a bi-national basis; each country active in the Fulbright Program has entered into an agreement with the U.S. government. The first countries to sign agreements were China in 1947 and Burma, the Philippines, and Greece in 1948.[8]

Program

Countries with active bilateral Fulbright Student and Fulbright Scholar programs with the US (as of 2020). Light shading indicates countries with just Fulbright Scholar programs.[9][10]

East Asia and the Pacific

Europe and Eurasia

Middle East and North Africa

South and Central Asia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Western Hemisphere

Educational exchange can turn nations into people, contributing as no other form of communication can to the humanizing of international relations.[11]
— Senator J. William Fulbright

The Fulbright Program works two ways: U.S. citizens may receive funding to go to a foreign country (U.S. Student Program, U.S. Scholar Program, Teacher Exchange Program, etc.) and non-U.S. citizens may go to the U.S. (Foreign Student Program, Visiting Scholar Program, Teacher Exchange Program, etc.).

Candidates recommended for Fulbright grants have high academic achievement, a compelling project proposal or statement of purpose, demonstrated leadership potential, and flexibility and adaptability to interact successfully with the host community abroad.

Fulbright grants are offered in almost all academic disciplines except clinical medical research involving patient contact. Fulbright grantees' fields of study span the fine arts, humanities, social sciences, mathematics, natural and physical sciences, and professional and applied sciences.[12]

Student grants

The Fulbright Degree Program funds graduate education for International Students wanting to study in the USA. Students need to apply for the scholarship from their home country and after a long process, they can pursue a Masters or Ph.D. in the United States.[13]
The Fulbright U.S. Student Program offers fellowships for U.S. graduating college seniors, graduate students, young professionals and artists to research, study, or teach English abroad for one academic year.
The Fulbright Foreign Student Program enables graduate students, young professionals and artists from abroad to conduct research and study in the United States. Some scholarships are renewed after the initial year of study.
The Fulbright Foreign Language Teaching Assistant Program provides opportunities for young English teachers from overseas to refine their teaching skills and broaden their knowledge of American culture and society while strengthening the instruction of foreign languages at colleges and universities in the United States.
The International Fulbright Science and Technology Award, a component of the Fulbright Foreign Student Program, supports doctoral study at leading U.S. institutions in science, technology, engineering or related fields for outstanding foreign students. This program is currently on hiatus.
The Fulbright-mtvU Fellowships award up to four U.S. students the opportunity to study the power of music as a cultural force abroad. Fellows conduct research for one academic year on projects of their own design about a chosen musical aspect. They share their experiences during their Fulbright year via video reports, blogs and podcasts.
The Fulbright-Clinton Fellowship provides the opportunity for U.S. students to serve in professional placements in foreign government ministries or institutions to gain hands-on public sector experience in participating foreign countries.[14]

Scholar grants

The Fulbright Distinguished Chair Awards comprise approximately forty distinguished lecturing, distinguished research and distinguished lecturing/research awards ranging from three to 12 months. Fulbright Distinguished Chair Awards are viewed as among the most prestigious appointments in the U.S. Fulbright Scholar Program. Candidates should be eminent scholars and have a significant publication and teaching record.
The Fulbright Bicentennial Chair in American Studies at the University of Helsinki brings scholars of various disciplines to Finland. The Bicentennial Chair is open to senior faculty with outstanding publication and teaching credentials and is also considered to be among the most prestigious Fulbright appointments.
The Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program sends American faculty members, scholars and professionals abroad to lecture or conduct research for up to a year.
The Fulbright Specialist Program sends U.S. academics and professionals to serve as expert consultants on curriculum, faculty development, institutional planning, and related subjects at overseas institutions for a period of two to six weeks.
The Fulbright Visiting Scholar Program and Fulbright Scholar-in-Residence Program bring foreign scholars to lecture or conduct post-doctoral research for up to a year at U.S. colleges and universities.[14]
The Fulbright Regional Network for Applied Research (NEXUS) Program is a network of junior scholars, professionals and mid-career applied researchers from the United States, Brazil, Canada, and other Western Hemisphere nations in a year-long program that includes multi-disciplinary, team-based research, a series of three seminar meetings, and a Fulbright exchange experience.

Teacher grants

The Fulbright Teacher Exchange Program supports one-to-one exchanges of teachers from K–12 schools and a small number of post-secondary institutions.
The Distinguished Fulbright Awards in Teaching Program sends teachers abroad for a semester to pursue individual projects, conduct research, and lead master classes or seminars.[14]

Grants for professionals

The Hubert H. Humphrey Program brings outstanding mid-career professionals from the developing world and societies in transition to the United States for one year. Fellows participate in a non-degree program of academic study and gain professional experience.
The Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program sends American scholars and professionals abroad to lecture or conduct research for up to a year.
The Fulbright Specialist Program sends U.S. faculty and professionals to serve as expert consultants on curriculum, faculty development, institutional planning, and related subjects at overseas academic institutions for a period of two to six weeks.
The Fulbright U.S. Student Program offers fellowships for U.S. graduating seniors, graduate students, young professionals and artists to study abroad for one academic year. The Program also includes an English Teaching Assistant component.
The Fulbright Foreign Student Program enables graduate students, young professionals and artists from abroad to conduct research and study in the United States. Some scholarships are renewed after the initial year of study.[14]

Fulbright–Hays Program

A portion of the Fulbright Program is a Congressional appropriation to the United States Department of Education for the Fulbright–Hays Program.
These grants are awarded to individual U.S. K through 14 pre-teachers, teachers and administrators, pre-doctoral students and post-doctoral faculty, as well as to U.S. institutions and organizations. Funding supports research and training efforts overseas, which focus on non-western foreign languages and area studies.[15]

Administration

The program is coordinated by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (ECA) of the U.S. Department of State under policy guidelines established by the Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board (FSB), with the help of 50 bi-national Fulbright commissions, U.S. embassies, and cooperating organizations in the U.S.[4]

The United States Department of State is responsible for managing, coordinating and overseeing the Fulbright program. Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs is the bureau in the Department of State that has primary responsibility for the administration of the program.

The Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board is a twelve-member board of educational and public leaders appointed by the President of the United States that determines general policy and direction for the Fulbright Program and approves all candidates nominated for Fulbright Scholarships.

Bi-national Fulbright commissions and foundations, most of which are funded jointly by the U.S. and partner governments, develop priorities for the program, including the numbers and categories of grants. More specifically, they plan and implement educational exchanges, recruit and nominate candidates for fellowships; designate qualified local educational institutions to host Fulbrighters; fundraise; engage alumni; support incoming U.S. Fulbrighters; and, in many countries, operate an information service for the public on educational opportunities in the United States.[16]

In a country active in the program without a Fulbright commission, the Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy administers the Fulbright Program, including recruiting and nominating candidates for grants to the U.S., overseeing U.S. Fulbrighters on their grant in the country, and engaging alumni.

Established in 1919 in the aftermath of World War I, the Institute of International Education was created to catalyze educational exchange. In 1946, the U.S. Department of State invited IIE to administer the graduate student component and CIES to administer the faculty component of the Fulbright Program—IIE's largest program to date.[17]

The Council for International Exchange of Scholars is a division of IIE that administers the Fulbright Scholar Program.

AMIDEAST administers Fulbright Foreign Student grants for grantees from the Middle East and North Africa (except Israel).

LASPAU: Affiliated with Harvard University[18] LASPAU brings together a valuable network of individuals, institutions, leaders and organizations devoted to building knowledge-based societies across the Americas. Among other functions, LASPAU administers the Junior Faculty Development Program, a part of the Fulbright Foreign Student Program, for grantees from Central and South America and the Caribbean.

World Learning administers the Fulbright Specialist Program.[19]

American Councils for International Education (ACTR/ACCELS) administers the Junior Faculty Development Program (JFDP), a special academic exchange for grantees from the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Southeast Europe.

The Academy for Educational Development administers the Fulbright Classroom Teacher Exchange Program and the Distinguished Fulbright Awards in Teaching Program.

Related organizations

The Fulbright Association is an organization independent of the Fulbright Program and not associated with the U.S. Department of State. The Fulbright Association was established on Feb. 27, 1977, as a private nonprofit, membership organization with over 9,000 members. The late Arthur Power Dudden was its founding president. He wanted alumni to educate members of the U.S. Congress and the public about the benefits of advancing increased mutual understanding between the people of the United States and those of other countries. In addition to the Fulbright Association in the U.S., independent Fulbright Alumni associations exist in over 75 countries around the world.

The Fulbright Academy is an organization independent of the Fulbright Program and not associated with the U.S. Department of State. A non-partisan, non-profit organization with members worldwide, the Fulbright Academy focuses on the professional advancement and collaboration needs among the 100,000+ Fulbright alumni in science, technology and related fields. The Fulbright Academy works with individual and institutional members, Fulbright alumni associations and other organizations interested in leveraging the unique knowledge and skills of Fulbright alumni.

Notable alumni

Fulbright alumni have occupied key roles in government, academia, and industry. Of the 325,000+ alumni:

86 have received the Pulitzer Prize[5]
75 have been MacArthur Fellows[5]
60 have received a Nobel Prize[5]
37 have served as head of state or government[20][5]
10 have been elected to US Congress
1 has served as secretary general of the United Nations

The following list is a selected group of notable Fulbright grant recipients:

William D. "Bro" Adams, university administrator and NEH Chair (2014–2017)
Edward Albee, recipient (three times) of the Pulitzer Prize for Drama
Karim Alrawi, recipient of the Samuel Beckett Award for the Performing Arts
Francis Andersen, Australian Hebrew and biblical studies scholar
John Ashbery, American poet[21]
George Benneh, Ghanaian academic, university administrator and public servant
Boutros Boutros-Ghali, Egyptian politician and Secretary-General of the United Nations, 1992-1996
Michael Broyde (born 1964), American law professor
Fernando Henrique Cardoso, President of Brazil from 1995 to 2002,[22]
Kyle Carey, Celtic American musician[23]
Bob Carr, Australian politician[24]
Ron Castan, Australian Constitutional law barrister[25]
Lenora Champagne, playwright, performance artist and director[26]
Dante R. Chialvo, scientist.[27]
Dale Chihuly, glass sculptor and entrepreneur.[28]
George C. Clerk, Ghanaian botanist and plant pathologist pioneer [29][30]
Nathan Collett, filmmaker[31]
Aaron Copland, recipient of the Pulitzer Prize for Music
Leah Curtis, Australian composer[32]
Myanna Dellinger, Danish-American law professor
Arthur Deshaies, artist, printmaker, professor and head of the graphic workshop, Florida State University [33]
Rita Dove, U.S. Poet Laureate and recipient of the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry
Eugenia Del Pino, developmental biologist, Ecuadorian
Eric Foner, recipient of the Pulitzer Prize for History
John Hope Franklin, historian
Maryellen Fullerton, lawyer and law professor and interim dean at Brooklyn Law School
Radhika Gajjala, a communications and a cultural studies professor,
Ashraf Ghani, the President of Afghanistan,[34]
Gabrielle Giffords, United States Representative for Arizona's 8th congressional district
Robert A. Gorman (born 1937), law professor at the University of Pennsylvania Law School
Wendy Greengross (1925–2012), general practitioner and broadcaster[35]
Nigel Healey, Vice Chancellor, Fiji National University
Robert Hess (1938-1994), President of Brooklyn College
John Honnold (1915-2011), American law professor at the University of Pennsylvania Law School
Rahul M. Jindal, Indian-American transplant surgeon at Uniformed Services University.
Roberta Karmel (born 1937), Centennial Professor of Law at Brooklyn Law School, and first female Commissioner of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
Suzanne Klotz, painter and sculptor[36]

Karen LaMonte, sculptor[37]
John Lithgow, actor
Dolph Lundgren, actor
Jamil Mahuad, President of Ecuador from 1998 to 2000
John Atta Mills, legal scholar and President of Ghana (2009-12)
Baidyanath Misra, former Vice-Chancellor of the Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology
Robert Nozick,[38] American political philosopher
Linus Pauling, awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and the Nobel Peace Prize
Sylvia Plath, poet, recipient of the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1982
Ian Rankin, author
Theodore Roethke, poet, recipient of the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1954 and the National Book Award for Poetry in 1959 and 1965
Juan Manuel Santos, the former President of Colombia from 2010 and 2018,[39]
Philip Schultz poet[40]
Heather J. Sharkey, historian of the Middle East and Africa at the University of Pennsylvania, Marshall Scholar
Wallace Shawn, actor and playwright
Jane Smiley, recipient of the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction
Robert S. Summers, law professor at Cornell Law School
Sasha Velour, drag queen, artist, and winner of season nine of RuPaul's Drag Race
Eudora Welty, recipient of the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction
David J. Whittaker, historian
C. Vann Woodward, recipient of the Pulitzer Prize for History
Charles Wright, American poet[40]
James Wright, American poet[41]
Muhammad Yunus, awarded the Nobel Peace Prize
Rishi Sunak, Chancellor of the Exchequer

J. William Fulbright Prize for International Understanding

The J. William Fulbright Prize for International Understanding, established in 1993, is awarded by the Fulbright Association to recognize individuals or organisations which have made extraordinary contributions toward bringing peoples, cultures, or nations to greater understanding of others.

The recipients are listed below.

Person	Year	Country
Nelson Mandela	1993	South Africa
Jimmy Carter	1994	United States
Franz Vranitzky	1995	Austria
Corazon Aquino	1996	Philippines
Václav Havel	1997	Czech Republic
Patricio Aylwin	1998	Chile
Mary Robinson	1999	Ireland
Martti Ahtisaari	2000	Finland
Kofi Annan	2001	Ghana
Sadako Ogata	2002	Japan
Fernando Henrique Cardoso	2003	Brazil
Colin Powell	2004	United States
Bill Clinton	2006	United States
Desmond Tutu	2008	South Africa
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation	2010	United States
Médecins Sans Frontières	2012	France
Hans Blix	2014	Sweden
Richard Lugar	2016	United States
Angela Merkel	2018	Germany

Bilateral Commissions

The Fulbright Program has Commissions in 49 of the over 160 countries with which it has bilateral partnerships. These foundations are funded jointly by the U.S. and partner governments. The role of the Fulbright Commissions is to plan and implement educational exchanges; recruit and nominate candidates, both domestic and foreign, for fellowships; designate qualified local educational institutions to host Fulbrighters; and support incoming U.S. Fulbrighters while engaging with alumni.[42] Below is a list of current commissions.

Region	Country	Commission
East Asia and the Pacific	Australia	The Australian-American Fulbright Commission
	Indonesia	American-Indonesian Exchange Foundation
	Japan	Japan-United States Educational Commission
	Korea	Korean-American Educational Commission
	Malaysia	Malaysian-American Commission on Educational Exchange
	New Zealand	New Zealand-United States Educational Foundation
	The Philippines	Philippine-American Educational Foundation
	Taiwan	Foundation for Scholarly Exchange
	Thailand	Thailand-U.S. Educational Foundation
Europe and Eurasia	Austria	Austrian-American Educational Commission
	Belgium	Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States, Belgium and Luxembourg
	Bulgaria	Bulgarian-American Commission for Educational Exchange
	Czech Republic	J. William Fulbright Commission for Educational Exchange in the Czech Republic
	Denmark	Fulbright Denmark
	Finland	Fulbright Finland Foundation
	France	Franco-American Commission for Educational Exchange
	Germany	German-American Fulbright Commission
	Greece	U.S. Educational Foundation in Greece
	Hungary	Hungarian-American Commission for Educational Exchange
	Iceland	Iceland-United States Educational Commission
	Ireland	The Ireland-United States Commission for Educational Exchange
	Italy	The U.S.-Italy Fulbright Commission
	Netherlands	Fulbright Commission the Netherlands
	Norway	U.S.-Norway Fulbright Foundation for Educational Exchange
	Poland	Polish-U.S. Fulbright Commission
	Portugal	Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Portugal
	Romania	Romanian-U.S. Fulbright Commission
	Slovak Republic	J. William Fulbright Commission for Educational Exchange in the Slovak Republic
	Spain	Commission for Cultural, Educational and Scientific Exchange Between the United States of America and Spain
	Sweden	Commission for Educational Exchange between the United States and Sweden
	Turkey	Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Turkey
	United Kingdom	The United States-United Kingdom Fulbright Commission
Middle East and North Africa	Egypt	The Binational Fulbright Commission in Egypt
	Israel	U.S.-Israel Educational Foundation (USIEF)
	Jordan	Jordanian-American Commission for Educational Exchange (JACEE)
	Morocco	Moroccan-American Commission for Educational and Cultural Exchange
South and Central Asia	India	United States-India Educational Foundation
	Nepal	Commission for Educational Exchange between the United States and Nepal (USEF/Nepal)
	Pakistan	United States Educational Foundation in Pakistan
	Sri Lanka	United States-Sri Lanka Fulbright Commission
Western Hemisphere	Argentina	Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States and the Argentine Republic
	Brazil	Commission for Educational Exchange between the United States of America and Brazil
	Canada	Foundation for Educational Exchange Between Canada and the United States of America
	Chile	Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Chile
	Colombia	Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Colombia
	Ecuador	Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Ecuador
	Mexico	Mexico-United States Commission for Educational and Cultural Exchange
	Peru	Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States and Peru
	Uruguay	Fulbright Uruguay

References

"Get Noticed Through Prestigious Scholarships". U.S. News & World Report. November 25, 2011. Archived from the original on March 22, 2018. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
"Fulbright Scholar Program: About Us". Comparative and International Education Society. Archived from the original on 2017-06-21. Retrieved 2017-06-23.
"IIE Programs". Institute of International Education. Archived from the original on 2014-07-28. Retrieved 2014-07-28.
"Fulbright Program Fact Sheet" (PDF). U.S. Department of State. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-09-23. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
"Notable Fulbrighters". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 2017-05-20. Retrieved 2017-05-20.
Morello, Carol (June 8, 2017). "That knock on a congressman's door could be a Fulbright scholar with a tin cup". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
"J. William Fulbright Quotes". Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2018-06-09.
"Fulbright: The Early Years". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 2013-05-07. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
https://us.fulbrightonline.org/countries
https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs/program-details-country
"Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs: About Fulbright". U.S. Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. Archived from the original on 2018-06-09. Retrieved 2018-06-09.
"Fields of Study/Project Topics". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 2013-10-22. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
admin (2020-02-16). "Fulbright Scholarship 2020 - Step-Wise Guide | Scholar Den". SD GRE Blog. Retrieved 2020-02-19.
"Which Grant Is Right For Me? – Fulbright – International Educational Exchange Program". eca.state.gov. 2008-01-31. Archived from the original on 2012-11-20. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
"Archived: International Education Programs Service – Fulbright–Hays Programs: The World is Our Classroom". ed.gov. Archived from the original on 2012-07-08. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
"Fulbright Commissions". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 2013-11-01. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
"History | Who We Are | Institute of International Education". Iie.org. Archived from the original on 2012-06-16. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
"LASPAU". Harvard University. Archived from the original on 2018-04-25. Retrieved 2018-04-23.
fulbrightspecialist.worldlearning.org/
"Heads of State/Government". www.State.Gov. US State Department. March 6, 2020. Retrieved March 6, 2020.
Piccinnini, Douglas (2009). "Ashbery in Paris: Out of School". Jacket 2. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
"Fernando Henrique Cardoso". Fulbright Association. Retrieved November 11, 2014.
"Featured Fulbrighter – Kyle Carey". Fulbright Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2018-06-09.
Adams, Vanessa (August 29, 2017). "Announcing our Inaugural Conference Keynote - Professor the Hon Bob Carr". Fulbright Australia. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
"ADJOURNMENT".
"Traps by Lenora Champagne". Old Stone House. Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2018-06-09.
"CHIALVO NAMED FELLOW OF THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY". Northwestern University. Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2018-06-09.
Lewis, Jo Ann (February 23, 1996). "GLASS THAT'LL BOWL YOU OVER". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
"In memoriam: George Carver Clerk, 87". Nature Research Ecology & Evolution Community. 2019-06-13. Retrieved 2019-06-13.
"Obituary of George Carver Clerk, 1931–2019" (PDF). ISPP Newsletter. International Society for Plant Pathology. 49 (7): 5. July 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 2019-07-01.
"2006 Fellowship Recipients". University of Southern California. Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2018-06-09.
"'New' alumnus wins prestigious Fulbright postgraduate award". New College, University of New South Wales. New College, University of New South Wales. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
"Arthur Emillien Deshaies". Spartanburg Herald-Journal. Spartanburg, South Carolina. 2011-08-03. p. 4.
"Ashraf Ghani Fast Facts". CNN. December 30, 2019. Retrieved February 25, 2020.
Bayfield, Tony. "Greengross [married name Katz, later Kates], Wendy Elsa (1925–2012)". ONDB. OUP. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
Klotz, Suzanne. "Fulbright Scholar". Fulbright Scholar Program. Archived from the original on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 18 March 2016.
Oldknow, Tina. "Meet the Artist: Karen LaMonte". Corning Museum of Glass. Retrieved February 28, 2008.
Juntin Wintle, Makers of modern culture, Routledge 2002.
"Laurels". Tufts Magazine. Medford, MA. 2010. ISSN 1535-5063. OCLC 45710313. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
"Fulbrighters & Pulitzer Prize Winners". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 2012-06-16. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
Gray, Jeffrey (2005). Mastery's End: Travel and Postwar American Poetry. Athens, GA: UGA Press. p. 145. ISBN 9780820326634. Archived from the original on 10 June 2016. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/funding-and-administration/fulbright-commissions

External links

U.S. Department of State Fulbright Website, the program's sponsor
Fulbright–Hays information, U.S. Department of Education
Fulbright Student Program Homepage
Fulbright Scholar Program, grants for university and college faculty, administrators and professionals
Fulbright Teacher Exchange Programs, K–12 Teacher Exchange
Fulbright Teacher Exchange Programs, K–12 Teacher Exchange

Directories of past grantees

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[1] "Get Noticed Through Prestigious Scholarships". U.S. News & World Report. November 25, 2011. Archived from the original on March 22, 2018. Retrieved March 22, 2018.

[2] "Fulbright Scholar Program: About Us". Comparative and International Education Society. Archived from the original on 2017-06-21. Retrieved 2017-06-23.

[3] "IIE Programs". Institute of International Education. Archived from the original on 2014-07-28. Retrieved 2014-07-28.

[Fulbright_Program_Fact_Sheet-4] "Fulbright Program Fact Sheet" (PDF). U.S. Department of State. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-09-23. Retrieved 2013-12-16.

[notable-5] "Notable Fulbrighters". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 2017-05-20. Retrieved 2017-05-20.

[6] Morello, Carol (June 8, 2017). "That knock on a congressman's door could be a Fulbright scholar with a tin cup". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.

[7] "J. William Fulbright Quotes". Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2018-06-09.

[Fulbright:_The_Early_Years-8] "Fulbright: The Early Years". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 2013-05-07. Retrieved 2013-12-16.

[9] ttps://us.fulbrightonline.org/countries

[10] ttps://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs/program-details-country

[11] "Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs: About Fulbright". U.S. Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. Archived from the original on 2018-06-09. Retrieved 2018-06-09.

[12] "Fields of Study/Project Topics". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 2013-10-22. Retrieved 2013-12-16.

[13] (2020-02-16). "Fulbright Scholarship 2020 - Step-Wise Guide | Scholar Den". SD GRE Blog. Retrieved 2020-02-19.

[Which_Grant_is_Right_for_Me?-14] "Which Grant Is Right For Me? – Fulbright – International Educational Exchange Program". eca.state.gov. 2008-01-31. Archived from the original on 2012-11-20. Retrieved 2012-06-11.

[15] "Archived: International Education Programs Service – Fulbright–Hays Programs: The World is Our Classroom". ed.gov. Archived from the original on 2012-07-08. Retrieved 2012-06-11.

[16] "Fulbright Commissions". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 2013-11-01. Retrieved 2013-12-16.

[17] "History | Who We Are | Institute of International Education". Iie.org. Archived from the original on 2012-06-16. Retrieved 2012-06-11.

[LASPAU_-_Harvard-18] "LASPAU". Harvard University. Archived from the original on 2018-04-25. Retrieved 2018-04-23.

[19] ulbrightspecialist.worldlearning.org/

[20] "Heads of State/Government". www.State.Gov. US State Department. March 6, 2020. Retrieved March 6, 2020.

[21] Piccinnini, Douglas (2009). "Ashbery in Paris: Out of School". Jacket 2. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 8 October 2015.

[22] "Fernando Henrique Cardoso". Fulbright Association. Retrieved November 11, 2014.

[23] "Featured Fulbrighter – Kyle Carey". Fulbright Canada. Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2018-06-09.

[24] Adams, Vanessa (August 29, 2017). "Announcing our Inaugural Conference Keynote - Professor the Hon Bob Carr". Fulbright Australia. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2018.

[25] "ADJOURNMENT".

[26] "Traps by Lenora Champagne". Old Stone House. Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2018-06-09.

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