Authenticity and Development Front

The Authenticity and Development Front (Arabic: جبهة الأصالة والتنمية‎; Jabhat al-'asalah wa'l-tanmiyah) is a Saudi Arabia-backed alliance of rebel groups that was active during the Syrian Civil War.

Authenticity and Development Front
جبهة الأصالة والتنمية[1]
Jabhat al-'asalah wa'l-tanmiyah
Participant in Syrian Civil War
ActiveNovember 2012 – present[2]
IdeologySunni Islamism[3]
Group(s)Unification Army[5]
Lions of the East Army (Former)[6]
The White Shroud
LeadersKhalid al-Hamad [1]
Area of operations
Part ofMujahideen Shura Council (2014–2015)
Turkish-backed Free Syrian Army
Allies Turkey
 Saudi Arabia
 Jordan
Tahrir al-Sham
Jaysh al-Islam
Ahrar al-Sham
Saraya Ahl al-Sham
Opponent(s) Syria
 Iran
 Russia
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant[7]
Hezbollah
PFLP-GC
Syrian Democratic Forces
Battles and war(s)Syrian Civil War

Background

The coalition includes Islamists, military defectors, and former civilians.[3][4][12] Although the alliance uses Syrian independence flags and symbols, it does not identify itself as part of the Free Syrian Army.[13] One of the groups involved was the Nour al-Din al-Zenki Movement, which was also part of the Army of Mujahideen,[3] though the Army of Mujahideen announced on 4 May 2014 that the Nour al-Din al-Zenki Movement had withdrawn from the coalition.[14] The Authenticity and Development Front operated American-made BGM-71 TOW anti-tank missiles captured from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.[15]

Member Groups

Current
  • The White Shroud
  • Army of Tawhid[16]
    • Tajamuu Alwiyat al-Iman Billah
    • Liwa Hamah al-Aqidah
    • Tajamuu Jund al-Badr Brigade 313
    • Lions of Islam Brigade
    • Talbisah Brigade
    • Falcons of Talbisah Brigade
    • Muawiyah Ibn Abi Sufyan Brigade
    • Sword of Islam Battalion
    • Tajamuu Alwiyat wa Kataib Suyuf al-Haq
  • Allahu Akbar Battalions[17]
  • Battalions of the People of Impact[18]
  • Abd Al-Rahman Battalions[19]
  • Miqdad Bin al-Aswad Battalion[20]
  • Division 60
  • Jund al-Sham[21]

Former Groups

See also
  • List of armed groups in the Syrian Civil War

References
  1. "The Non-State Militant Landscape in Syria". Combating Terrorism Center. 27 August 2013. Retrieved 19 May 2014.
  2. Sinjab, Lina (17 October 2013). "Syria crisis: Guide to armed and political opposition". BBC. Retrieved 19 May 2014.
  3. "The Mujahedeen Army of Aleppo". Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. 8 April 2014. Retrieved 19 May 2014.
  4. "The Levant Front: Can Aleppo's Rebels Unite?". Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. 26 December 2014. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
  5. "Northern Homs based rebel group joins Authenticity and Development Front". Archived from the original on 2017-08-07. Retrieved 2017-05-22.
  6. http://en.deirezzor24.net/the-authenticity-and-development-front-cuts-all-of-its-ties-with-the-new-syrian-army/
  7. "ثوار القلمون يطردون تنظيم "الدولة" من مناطق جديدة". الدرر الشامية.
  8. "Syria Direct: News Update 4-20-15". Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  9. "Analysis: Insurgents launch major offensive against Assad regime in Hama province - FDD's Long War Journal". FDD's Long War Journal.
  10. https://malcolmxtreme.files.wordpress.com/2014/09/soldiers-killed-by-rebels-in-jobar-9-29-2014.jpg
  11. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpmHh9ZJTVw
  12. "The Fighting in Abu Kamal (Albukamal): Background and Analysis". Brown Moses Blog. 12 April 2015. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
  13. "The Factions of Abu Kamal". Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi. 18 December 2013. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
  14. "Jeish al-Mujahideen Charter – Comment and Translation". Goha's Nail. 4 May 2014. Retrieved 19 May 2014.
  15. "THE MODERATE REBELS: A GROWING LIST OF VETTED GROUPS FIELDING BGM-71 TOW ANTI-TANK GUIDED MISSILES". Hasan Mustafas. 5 August 2015.
  16. https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CEfJeg8XIAAM6BN.png
  17. https://www.meforum.org/3699/abu-kamal-factions
  18. https://web.archive.org/web/20190729190920/https://twitter.com/alasalawatanmya/status/968542562976968704?s=20
  19. https://web.archive.org/web/20190729191142/https://twitter.com/alasalawatanmya/status/857214764501442560?s=20
  20. https://pbs.twimg.com/media/C9xpv0jWsAAWzT4?format=jpg&name=small
  21. https://017qndpynh-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/FSA-friendly.jpg
  22. http://www.mesop.de/the-white-shroud-a-syrian-resistance-movement-to-the-islamic-state-by-aymenn-jawad-al-tamimi/
  23. http://www.aymennjawad.org/14756/key-updates-on-albukamal-abu-kamal
  24. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1aI3yAmNGW1vLpJCOrhiVLqpUUIX9PG1RNsCqJGGfhxI/
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