Ataxin 7

Ataxin 7 (ATXN7) is a protein of the SCA7 gene, which contains 892 amino acids with an expandable poly(Q) region close to the N-terminus. The expandable poly(Q) motif region in the protein contributes crucially to SAC pathogenesis by the induction of intranuclear inclusion bodies.[1] ATXN7 is associated with both olivopontocerebellar atrophy type 3 (OPCA3) and spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7).

ataxin 7
Identifiers
SymbolATXN7
Alt. symbolsSCA7
NCBI gene6314
HGNC10560
OMIM607640
RefSeqNM_000333
UniProtO15265
Other data
LocusChr. 3 p21.1-p12

CAG repeat leads to pathological protein misfolding. In ataxin-7 gene has shown to cause cerebellar and brainstem degeneration as well as retinal conerod dystrophy. Polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion at the N-terminus of ataxin-7 causes protein aggregation, leading to the symptoms of ataxia with visual loss.[2]

Research suggest that silencing of ataxin-7 in the retina by RNAi can be a possible therapeutic strategy for patients suffering from SCA7 retinal degeneration.[3]

References
  1. Scheel H, Tomiuk S, Hofmann K (November 2003). "Elucidation of ataxin-3 and ataxin-7 function by integrative bioinformatics". Human Molecular Genetics. 12 (21): 2845–52. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddg297. PMID 12944423.
  2. Wolfe, Michael S., editor. (18 April 2018). The molecular and cellular basis of neurodegenerative diseases : underlying mechanisms. ISBN 978-0-12-811304-2. OCLC 1040033113.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. Ramachandran PS, Bhattarai S, Singh P, Boudreau RL, Thompson S, Laspada AR, et al. (2014). "RNA interference-based therapy for spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 retinal degeneration". PLOS One. 9 (4): e95362. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...995362R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0095362. PMC 3997397. PMID 24759684.

Further reading
  • Janer A, Martin E, Muriel MP, Latouche M, Fujigasaki H, Ruberg M, et al. (July 2006). "PML clastosomes prevent nuclear accumulation of mutant ataxin-7 and other polyglutamine proteins". The Journal of Cell Biology. 174 (1): 65–76. doi:10.1083/jcb.200511045. PMC 2064165. PMID 16818720.
  • Helmlinger D, Hardy S, Eberlin A, Devys D, Tora L (2006). "Both normal and polyglutamine- expanded ataxin-7 are components of TFTC-type GCN5 histone acetyltransferase- containing complexes". Biochemical Society Symposium. 73 (73): 155–63. doi:10.1042/bss0730155. PMID 16626296.
  • Wang HL, Yeh TH, Chou AH, Kuo YL, Luo LJ, He CY, et al. (April 2006). "Polyglutamine-expanded ataxin-7 activates mitochondrial apoptotic pathway of cerebellar neurons by upregulating Bax and downregulating Bcl-x(L)". Cellular Signalling. 18 (4): 541–52. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2005.05.024. PMID 15964171.
  • Ansorge O, Giunti P, Michalik A, Van Broeckhoven C, Harding B, Wood N, Scaravilli F (September 2004). "Ataxin-7 aggregation and ubiquitination in infantile SCA7 with 180 CAG repeats". Annals of Neurology. 56 (3): 448–52. doi:10.1002/ana.20230. PMID 15349877.
  • Helmlinger D, Hardy S, Sasorith S, Klein F, Robert F, Weber C, et al. (June 2004). "Ataxin-7 is a subunit of GCN5 histone acetyltransferase-containing complexes". Human Molecular Genetics. 13 (12): 1257–65. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddh139. PMID 15115762.
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