Andolika

Andolika is a Carnatic raga, which is also sometimes written as Andholika. This raga is a janya of the 22nd Melakarta raga Kharaharapriya.[1]

Ascending scale with C as Shadjam (tonic note), which is exactly same as Madhyamavati scale
Andolika
ArohanamS R₂ M₁ P N₂ S
AvarohanamS N₂ D₂ M₁ R₂ S
Carnatic music
Tanjavur-style Tambura
Concepts
Compositions
Instruments
Melody
Sarasvati Vīṇa
Veṇu
Nāgasvaraṃ
Gottuvadhyam (Citra Vīṇa)
Violin
Percussion
Mr̥daṅgaṃ
Ghatam
Morsing
Kanjira
Thavil
Drone
Tambura
Shruti box

Structure and Lakshana
Descending scale has D2 in place of P

This ragam is an asymmetric scale and is classified as an audava-audava ragam (five notes in the ascending and descending scale).[1][2]

The notes in this scale are chatushruti rishabham, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam, kaisiki nishadham in arohana and additional chatushruti dhaivatam in avarohanam, in place of panchamam (see pictures). From Kharaharapriya scale (22nd melakarta), the gandharam is removed in this scale and the rest are used in asymmetrical manner. Since gandharam is removed this scale can also be considered a janya of 28th mela Harikambhoji scale,[2] but since 22 comes ahead many prefer to use the association with Kharaharapriya.

Select compositions

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Scale similarities
  • Madhyamavati is a rāgam which has a symmetric scale matching the ascending scale of Andolika (descending scale also has panchamam instead of chatusruti dhaivatam). Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R2 M1 P N2 S : S N2 P M1 R2 S
  • Kedaragaula is a rāgam which has the same ascending scale as Andolika and descending scale of Harikambhoji. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R2 M1 P N2 S : S N2 D2 P M1 G3 R2 S

Notes
  1. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: S R M P Ṉ S
    • Western: C D F G B♭ C
  2. Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: S Ṉ D M R S
    • Western: C B♭ A F D C

References
  1. Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
  2. Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
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