1242
Year 1242 (MCCXLII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| 1242 by topic |
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| Leaders |
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| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1242 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1242 MCCXLII |
| Ab urbe condita | 1995 |
| Armenian calendar | 691 ԹՎ ՈՂԱ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5992 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1163–1164 |
| Bengali calendar | 649 |
| Berber calendar | 2192 |
| English Regnal year | 26 Hen. 3 – 27 Hen. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1786 |
| Burmese calendar | 604 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6750–6751 |
| Chinese calendar | 辛丑年 (Metal Ox) 3938 or 3878 — to — 壬寅年 (Water Tiger) 3939 or 3879 |
| Coptic calendar | 958–959 |
| Discordian calendar | 2408 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1234–1235 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5002–5003 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1298–1299 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1163–1164 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4342–4343 |
| Holocene calendar | 11242 |
| Igbo calendar | 242–243 |
| Iranian calendar | 620–621 |
| Islamic calendar | 639–640 |
| Japanese calendar | Ninji 3 (仁治３年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1151–1152 |
| Julian calendar | 1242 MCCXLII |
| Korean calendar | 3575 |
| Minguo calendar | 670 before ROC 民前670年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −226 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1784–1785 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴金牛年 (female Iron-Ox) 1368 or 987 or 215 — to — 阳水虎年 (male Water-Tiger) 1369 or 988 or 216 |
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Events
By area
Africa
- In Maghrib, after a string of successes against the fast declining Almohads, Abu Zakariya, the first Hafsid ruler of Ifriqiya, conquers the Kingdom of Tlemcen.[1]
Asia
- Emperor Go-Saga ascends to the throne of Japan.
- Batu Khan establishes the Golden Horde at Sarai.
- The Mongols invade the Seljuk Sultanate.
Europe
- April 5 – During a battle on the ice of Lake Peipus, Russian forces, led by Alexander Nevsky, rebuff an invasion attempt by the Teutonic Knights.
- Cleves, Germany is chartered as a city.
- Kiel, Germany is chartered as a town.
- The Archbishop of Mainz conquers the city of Wiesbaden, from the House of Nassau.
- King Sancho II of Portugal conquers the cities of Tavira, Alvor and Paderne, in his continuing effort against the Muslims, known as Reconquista.[2]
- Mongol invasions
- German colonists arrive in Bratislava, after the Mongols fail to conquer the city.
- The Mongols of the Golden Horde devastate Volga Bulgaria, and force the nation to pay tribute.
- A French goldsmith working in Budapest, named Guillaume Boucher, is captured by the Mongols and taken to Karakorum.
- The Golden Bull is issued by King Béla IV to inhabitants of Gradec (today's Zagreb) and Samobor in Croatia, during the Mongol invasion of Europe. By this golden bull King Bela IV proclaim a free royal city.
- Battle of Grobnicko Polje: Croats stop the Mongolian invasion.
By topic
Science
- Timeline of medicine and medical technology: Ibn Nafis suggests that the right and left ventricles of the heart are separate, and describes the lesser circulation of blood.
Religion
- The diocese of Warmia, Poland is created.
Births
- July 24 – Blessed Christina von Stommeln, German Roman Catholic mystic, ecstatic, and stigmatic (d. 1312)
- December 15 – Prince Munetaka, Japanese shōgun (d. 1274)
- date unknown
- Beatrice of Castile, queen consort of King Afonso III of Portugal (d. 1303)
- Patrick IV, Earl of March (d. 1308)
- George Pachymeres, Byzantine historian (d. c. 1310)
- Theodoric of Landsberg (d. 1285)
Deaths
- February 10
- Emperor Shijō of Japan (b. 1231)
- Saint Verdiana, Italian recluse (b. 1182)
- March 26 – William de Forz, 3rd Earl of Albemarle
- July 14 – Hōjō Yasutoki, regent of Japan (b. 1183)
- October 7 – Emperor Juntoku of Japan (b. 1197)
- December 9 – Richard le Gras, Lord Keeper of England and Abbot of Evesham
- date unknown
- Archambaud VIII of Bourbon, ruler of Bourbonnais
- Da'ud Abu al-Fadl, Karaite Jewish physician in Egypt (b. 1161)
References
- Gilbert Meynier (2010) L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658-1518). Paris: La Découverte; pp.38.
- Picard, Christophe (2000). Le Portugal musulman (VIIIe-XIIIe siècle. L'Occident d'al-Andalus sous domination islamique. Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose. p. 110. ISBN 2-7068-1398-9.
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