Assyrian calendar

The Assyrian calendar (Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܣܘܼܪܓܵܕ݂ܵܐ ܐܵܬ݂ܘܼܪܵܝܵܐ‎ sūrgāḏā ʾĀṯūrāyā) is a solar calendar used by modern Assyrian people. The year begins with the first sight of Spring.

4750 BC was set as its first year in the 1950s,[1] based on a series of articles published in the Assyrian nationalist magazine Gilgamesh; the first came in 1952 and written by Nimrod Simono and dealt with the Akitu festival, then an article by Jean Alkhas in 1955 (April, issue 34) fixed the year 4750 BC as the starting point.[2] Alkhas referenced his information to a French archaeologist, whom he did not name, as stating that a cuneiform tablet dating to 4750 BC mentioned the year of the calming of the great flood and beginning of life.[3]

The Assyrian new year is still celebrated every year with festivals and gatherings. As of June 2020 AD, it is the 6770th year of the Assyrian calendar, and this calendar is used among many Assyrian communities. It begins 4,750 years before the Gregorian calendar; to calculate the current year (after April 1) in the Assyrian calendar, add 4750 to the current Georgian calendar year (4750 + 2020 = Assyrian year 6770).

The Assyrian month names are also used in the Arabic Gregorian solar calendar in the Levant and Mesopotamia (Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and Palestine).

Months
Assyrian calendar[4]
Season Syriac Transliteration Levantine Arabic Description Blessed by Days Gregorian calendar
Spring ܢܝܣܢ Nīsān نَيْسَان
Naysān		 Month of Happiness Enlil 31 April
ܐܝܪ ʾĪyār أَيَّار
ʾAyyār		 Month of Love Haya 31 May
ܚܙܝܪܢ Ḥzīrān حَزِيرَان
Ḥazīrān		 Month of Building Sin 31 June
Summer ܬܡܘܙ Tammūz تَمُّوز
Tammūz		 Month of Harvesting Tammuz 31 July
ܐܒ\ܛܒܚ ʾĀb/Ṭabbāḥ آب
ʾĀb		 Month of Ripening of Fruits Shamash 31 August
ܐܝܠܘܠ ʾĪlūl أَيْلُول
ʾAylūl		 Month of Sprinkling of Seeds Ishtar 31 September
Autumn ܬܫܪܝܢ ܐ Tešrīn Qḏīm تِشْرِين ٱلْأَوَّل
Tišrīn al-ʾAwwal		 Month of Giving Anu 30 October
ܬܫܪܝܢ ܒ Tešrīn [ʾ]Ḥrāy تِشْرِين ٱلثَّانِي
Tišrīn aṯ-Ṯānī		 Month of Awakening of Buried Seeds Marduk 30 November
ܟܢܘܢ ܐ Kānōn Qḏīm كَانُون ٱلْأَوَّل
Kānūn al-ʾAwwal		 Month of Conceiving Nergal 30 December
Winter ܟܢܘܢ ܒ Kānōn [ʾ]Ḥrāy كَانُون ٱلثَّانِي
Kānūn aṯ-Ṯānī		 Month of Resting Nasho 30 January
ܫܒܛ Šḇāṭ شُبَاط
Šubāṭ		 Month of Flooding Raman 30 February
ܐܕܪ ʾĀḏar آذَار
ʾĀḏār		 Month of Evil Spirits Rokhaty 29 March

See also

References
  1. Wozniak, Marta (2012). "Far from Aram-Nahrin: The Suryoye Diaspora Experience". In Eamer, Allyson (ed.). Border Terrains: World Diasporas in the 21st Century. Inter-Disciplinary Press, Oxford. p. 78. ISBN 978-1-84888-117-4.
  2. Paulissian, Robert (1999). "Tasheeta d'zoyakha d'rish sheta Khatta d'Atoraye w'Bawlaye (Part II) [Assyrian and Babylonian New Year Celebrations (Part II)]". Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies. 13 (2): 35. ISSN 1055-6982.
  3. Daniel, Sennacherib (2001). "Modern Festival, Ancient Tradition" (PDF). Nakosha. 39: 3. OCLC 49885037.
  4. "The True Assyrian Calendar - Assyrian Knowledge". Archived from the original on 2010-07-28. Retrieved 2012-11-25.
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