Zakaria II Mkhargrdzeli

Zakaria II Mkhargrdzeli
Ruler of Ani
Governor 1190-1212
Successor Shanshe Mkhargrdzeli
Born unknown
Died 1212
Buried Sanahin Monastery
Noble family Mkhargrdzeli
Father Sargis Mkhargrdzeli
Religion Armenian Apostolic Church

Zakaria II Mkhargrdzeli (Georgian: ზაქარია მხარგრძელი) or Zakare Zakarian (Armenian: Զաքարե Զաքարյան; died 1212 AD) was a Georgian–Armenian noble[1][2] and one of the generals of Queen Tamar of Georgia army during the late 12th and early 13th centuries. He was the ruler of feudal lands in the Kingdom of Georgia.

Biography

Zakaria alongside with his father Sargis supported the rebellion of Prince Demna and the Orbeli family in 1177, however they soon sided with George III and fought for the monarchy against the insurgents. The uprising was suppressed, and King George III elevated the Mkhargrdzeli family. Following the death of George III, Queen Tamar elevated Sargis Mkhargrdzeli - a wellborn valorous man, well trained in battle - to the office of Amirspasalar (Lord High Constable) and granted him possessions over Lori (which was deprived of from Kubasar). She gave presents to his elder son, Zakaria, and his younger son, Ivane, and she made him a member of the Darbazi. During a revolt of Queen Tamar's disgraced husband, George the Rus', around 1191, Zakaria Mkhargrdzeli was one of the few nobles who remained loyal to the queen. Tamar gradually expanded her own power-base and elevated her loyal nobles to high positions at the court, most notably the Mkhargrdzeli.[3]

In the ninth year of Tamar's reign the Mandaturtukhutsesi and Amirspasalar Zakaria (Zakare) Mkhargrdzeli and his brother Ivane the atabeg took Dvin in 1193. They also took Gelakun, Bjni, Amberd, and Bargushat, and all the towns along Araxes basin, up to the Khodaafarin bridge. Around the year 1199, Georgian army under Zakare's command took the city of Ani from Shadaddid control, and in 1201, Tamar gave it to him as a fief.[4][5] Zakare commanded the Georgian army for almost three decades, achieving major victories at Shamkor in 1195 and Basian[6] in 1203 and leading raids into northern Iran[7] in 1210. Zakare left several bilingual inscriptions across the Armeno-Georgian borderlands and built several churches and forts, such as the Harichavank Monastery and Akhtala Monastery in northern Armenia.[8] After Zakaria's death, his holdings were inherited by the aging Ivane, who had given Ani to his nephew Shanshe, son of Zakare.

References

  1. ↑ Encyclopaedia of Islam. — E. J. BRILL, 1986. — Vol. I. — P. 507 "Ani was for the first time conquered by the Georgians in 1124, under David II, who laid the foundation of the power of the Georgian kings; the town was given as a fief to the Armenian family of the Zakarids, (in Georgian: Mkhargrdzeli = Longimani) "
  2. ↑ Cyril Toumanoff. Armenia and Georgia // The Cambridge Medieval History. — Cambridge, 1966. — vol. IV: The Byzantine Empire, part I chapter XIV. — p. 593—637 "Later, in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, the Armenian house of the Zachariads (Mkhargrdzeli) ruled in northern Armenia at Ani, Lor'i, Kars, and Dvin under the Georgian aegis."
  3. ↑ Suny 1994, p. 39.
  4. ↑ Minorsky, Vladimir (1953). Studies in Caucasian History. New York: Taylor’s Foreign Press. pp. 102–103. ISBN 0-521-05735-3.
  5. ↑ Lordkipanidze, Mariam (1987). Georgia in the XI-XII Centuries. Tbilisi: Genatleba. p. 150.
  6. ↑ Alexander Mikaberidze, Historical Dictionary of Georgia, (Rowman & Littlefield, 2015), 184.
  7. ↑ Lordkipanidze, Mariam (1987). Georgia in the XI-XII Centuries. Tbilisi: Genatleba. p. 150.
  8. ↑ Bedrosian, Robert. "Kirakos Ganjakets'i's History of the Armenians". Archived from the original on 2007-07-16. Retrieved 2007-10-03.
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