Wes Anderson

Wes Anderson
Wes Anderson at the 64th Berlin Film Festival (2014)
Born Wesley Wales Anderson
(1969-05-01) May 1, 1969
Houston, Texas, U.S.
Residence Paris, France
Alma mater University of Texas at Austin
Occupation
Years active 1992–present
Partner(s) Juman Malouf (2010–present)
Children 1
Relatives Eric Chase Anderson (brother)

Wesley Wales Anderson (born May 1, 1969) is an American film maker. His films are known for their distinctive visual and narrative styles.[1] Anderson is regarded by many as a modern-day example of the auteur. He has received consistent praise from critics for his work, and three of his films—The Royal Tenenbaums, Moonrise Kingdom, and The Grand Budapest Hotel—appeared in BBC's 2016 poll of the greatest films since 2000.[2]

Anderson was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for The Royal Tenenbaums in 2001, Moonrise Kingdom in 2012 and The Grand Budapest Hotel in 2014, as well as the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature for Fantastic Mr. Fox in 2009. He received his first Academy Award nomination for Best Director and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy for The Grand Budapest Hotel in 2014. He also received the BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay in 2015. He currently runs production company American Empirical Pictures, which he founded in 1998.[3] Anderson won the Silver Bear for Best Director for the stop-motion animated film Isle of Dogs in 2018.[4]

Early life

Wesley Wales Anderson was born on May 1, 1969, in Houston, Texas. He is the son of Texas Ann (Burroughs), a realtor and archaeologist,[5] and Melver Leonard Anderson, who worked in advertising and public relations.[6][7][8][9][10] He is the second of three boys; his parents divorced when he was eight.[10] His elder brother, Mel, is a physician, and his younger brother, Eric Chase Anderson, is a writer and artist whose paintings and designs have appeared in several of Anderson's films, such as The Royal Tenenbaums.[11] Anderson is of Swedish and Norwegian ancestry.[12]

He graduated from St. John's School in Houston in 1987, which he later used as a prominent location throughout Rushmore.[13] As a child, Anderson made silent films on his father's Super 8 camera, starring his brothers and friends, although his first ambition was to be a writer.[10][11] Anderson attended college while working part-time as a cinema projectionist. He graduated from the University of Texas at Austin with a degree in philosophy in 1990, where he met future frequent collaborator Owen Wilson.[10][11][14]

Film career

1996–2012

Anderson's first film was Bottle Rocket (1996), based on a short film that he made with Luke and Owen Wilson. It was a crime caper about a group of young Texans aspiring to achieve major heists. It was well reviewed but performed poorly at the box office.[15][16][17]

Anderson's next film was Rushmore (1998), a quirky comedy about a high school student's crush on an elementary school teacher starring Bill Murray and Jason Schwartzman. It was a critical success.[18] Murray has since appeared in every Anderson film to date. In 2000, filmmaker Martin Scorsese praised Bottle Rocket and Rushmore.[19]

The Royal Tenenbaums (2001) was Anderson's next comedy-drama film, about a successful artistic New York City family and its ostracized patriarch. It represented his greatest success until Moonrise Kingdom in 2012, earning more than $50 million in domestic box office receipts. The Royal Tenenbaums was nominated for an Academy Award and ranked by an Empire poll as the 159th greatest film ever made.[20]

Anderson in 2005

Anderson's next feature was The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou (2004) about a Jacques Cousteau-esque documentary filmmaker played by Bill Murray. It serves as a classic example of Anderson's style, but its critical reception was less favorable than his previous films, and its box office did not match the heights of The Royal Tenenbaums.[21] In September 2006, Steely Dan's Walter Becker and Donald Fagen released a tongue-in-cheek "letter of intervention" for Anderson's artistic "malaise" following the disappointing commercial and critical reception of The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou, proclaiming themselves to be fans of "World Cinema" and of Anderson in particular. They offered Anderson their soundtrack services for his The Darjeeling Limited, including lyrics for a title track.[22]

The Darjeeling Limited (2007) was about three emotionally distant brothers traveling together on a train in India. It reflected the more dramatic tone of The Royal Tenenbaums but faced criticisms similar to The Life Aquatic. Anderson has acknowledged that he went to India to film the movie partly as a tribute to Indian filmmaker Satyajit Ray, whose "films have also inspired all my other movies in different ways" (the film is dedicated to him).[23] The film starred Anderson staples Jason Schwartzman and Owen Wilson in addition to Adrien Brody, and the script was co-written by Anderson, Schwartzman, and Roman Coppola.[24]

In 2008, Anderson was hired to write the screenplay of the American adaptation of My Best Friend, a French film, for producer Brian Grazer; Anderson's first draft was titled "The Rosenthaler Suite".

Anderson's stop motion animation adaptation of the Roald Dahl book Fantastic Mr Fox was released in 2009. The film was highly praised and nominated for the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, although not earning much more than its production budget.

2012–present

Anderson, Koyu Rankin, Liev Schreiber, Jeff Goldblum, and Kunichi Nomura at the Isle of Dogs press conference at Berlinale 2018

Following the critical success of Fantastic Mr. Fox, Anderson made Moonrise Kingdom which opened at the Cannes Film Festival 2012.[25] The film was emblematic of Anderson's style, was a financial success, and earned Anderson another Academy Award nomination for his screenplay.

Anderson's next film, The Grand Budapest Hotel (2014), starred Ralph Fiennes, Jude Law, F. Murray Abraham, and Saoirse Ronan, along with several of his regular collaborators including Bill Murray, Owen Wilson, and Jason Schwartzman.[26] It is set in the 1930s and follows the adventures of M. Gustave, the hotel's concierge, making "a marvelous mockery of history, turning its horrors into a series of graceful jokes and mischievous gestures", according to The New York Times.[27] The film represented one of Anderson's greatest critical and commercial successes, grossing nearly $175 million worldwide and earning dozens of award nominations, including nine Oscar nominations with four wins.[28] These nominations also included his first for Best Director.

Anderson returned to stop motion animation with Isle of Dogs,[29] featuring the voices of Bill Murray, Bryan Cranston, Tilda Swinton, Liev Schreiber, Frances McDormand, Scarlett Johansson, Greta Gerwig, Jeff Goldblum, Bob Balaban, F. Murray Abraham, Harvey Keitel, Akira Ito, Akira Takayama, Koyu Rankin, Courtney B. Vance, Yoko Ono, and Edward Norton. Production on the film started in the United Kingdom in October 2016, and it was released in select theaters on March 23, 2018, and wide on April 6, 2018.[30][31][32] In August 2018, it was reported that Anderson was working on his next film, set in post-war France, and was set to begin filming at Angoulême, beginning in February 2019.[33][34][35]

Anderson has also created several notable short films. In addition to the original Bottle Rocket short, he made the Paris-set Hotel Chevalier (2007), which was created as a prologue to The Darjeeling Limited and starred Jason Schwartzman alongside Natalie Portman, and the Italy-set Castello Cavalcanti (2013),[36] which was produced by Prada and starred Jason Schwartzman as an unsuccessful race-car driver. Additionally, he has directed a number of television commercials for companies such as Stella Artois and Prada, including an elaborate American Express ad, in which he starred as himself.[37]

Anderson's cinematic influences include François Truffaut, Louis Malle, Pedro Almodóvar,[38] Satyajit Ray,[39] John Huston, Mike Nichols, Hal Ashby,[40] Stanley Kubrick, Martin Scorsese, Orson Welles, and Roman Polanski.[41]

Directing techniques

Anderson has a unique directorial style that has led several critics to consider him an auteur.[42][43][44][45]

Themes and stories

Anderson has chosen to direct mostly fast-paced comedies marked by more serious or melancholic elements, with themes often centered on grief, loss of innocence, dysfunctional families, parental abandonment, adultery, sibling rivalry and unlikely friendships. His movies have been noted for being unusually character-driven, and by turns both derided and praised with terms like "literary geek chic". The plots of his movies often feature thefts and unexpected disappearances, with a tendency to borrow liberally from the caper genre.[46]

Visual style

Anderson has been noted for his extensive use of flat space camera moves, obsessively symmetrical compositions, knolling, snap-zooms, slow-motion walking shots, a deliberately limited color palette, and hand-made art direction often utilizing miniatures.[47] These stylistic choices give his movies a highly distinctive quality that has provoked much discussion, critical study, supercuts, and mash-ups, and even parody. Many writers, critics, and even Anderson himself, have commented that this gives his movies the feel of being "self-contained worlds", or a "scale model household".[48] According to Jesse Fox Mayshark, his films have "a baroque pop bent that is not realist, surrealist or magic realist", but rather might be described as "fabul[ist]".[49]

From The Life Aquatic on, Anderson has relied more heavily on stop motion animation and miniatures, even making entire features with stop motion animation with Fantastic Mr. Fox and Isle of Dogs.[50]

Soundtracks

Anderson frequently uses pop music from the 1960s and '70s on the soundtracks of his films, and one band or musician tends to dominate each soundtrack. In Rushmore, Cat Stevens and British Invasion groups featured prominently, The Royal Tenenbaums included songs recorded by Nico and The Velvet Underground, The Life Aquatic was replete with David Bowie including both originals and covers performed by Seu Jorge, The Kinks appeared on the soundtrack for The Darjeeling Limited and Rushmore, The Beach Boys in Fantastic Mr. Fox, and Hank Williams for Moonrise Kingdom. (Much of Moonrise Kingdom is filled with the music of Benjamin Britten, which is tied to a number of major plot points for that film.)[51] The Grand Budapest Hotel, which is mostly set in the 1930s, is notable for being the first Anderson film to eschew using any pop music, and instead used original music composed by Alexandre Desplat. Its soundtrack won Desplat the Academy Award for Best Original Score, the BAFTA Award for Best Film Music and World Soundtrack Award for Best Original Score of the Year. The soundtracks for his films have often brought renewed attention to the artists featured, most prominently in the case of "These Days", which was used in The Royal Tenenbaums.[52]

Personal life

Anderson is in a relationship with Lebanese writer, costume designer and voice actress Juman Malouf.[53][54]

Malouf gave birth to the couple's daughter, Freya, in 2016. She is named after a character from the film The Mortal Storm.[55][56][57] Anderson lives in Paris but has spent the majority of his adult life in New York.[58][59][60]

He is the brother of artist Eric Chase Anderson, who illustrated the Criterion Collection releases of Anderson's films (except for Moonrise Kingdom) and provided the voice of Kristofferson Silverfox in Fantastic Mr. Fox.[61]

Filmography

Feature films

YearTitleDirectorProducerWriterActorRoleNotes
1996Bottle RocketYesYesYesPassenger on Bus (uncredited)Co-written with Owen Wilson
1998RushmoreYesYesYesYesStudent (uncredited)
2001The Royal TenenbaumsYesYesYesYesTennis Match Commentator (uncredited)
2004The Life Aquatic with Steve ZissouYesYesYesCo-written with Noah Baumbach
2005The Squid and the WhaleYesCo-produced with Peter Newman, Charlie Corwin, and Clara Markowicz
2007The Darjeeling LimitedYesYesYesCo-written with Jason Schwartzman and Roman Coppola
2009Fantastic Mr. FoxYesYesYesYesStan Weasel (voice)Screenplay by Anderson and Noah Baumbach, based on the novel of the same name by Roald Dahl
2012Moonrise KingdomYesYesYesCo-written with Roman Coppola
2014The Grand Budapest HotelYesYesYesScreenplay by Anderson, story by Anderson and Hugo Guinness
She's Funny That WayYesCo-produced with Noah Baumbach
2016SingYesDaniel (voice)Cameo
2017EscapesYesExecutive producer
2018Isle of DogsYesYesYesScreenplay by Anderson, story by Anderson, Roman Coppola, Jason Schwartzman and Kunichi Nomura

Other works

YearTitleDirectorProducerWriterActorRoleNotes
1994Bottle RocketYesYesShort film, co-written with Owen Wilson. This was shot in 1992.
2004American Express: My Life, My CardYesYesYesHimselfCommercial, starring Anderson as himself as he directs an elaborate fake film featuring Jason Schwartzman.[62]
2007Hotel ChevalierYesYesShort film, created as a prologue to The Darjeeling Limited, starring Natalie Portman and Jason Schwartzman.
2008SoftbankYesJapanese commercial, filmed in France, starring Brad Pitt.
2010Stella Artois: ApartomaticYesCommercial, created for Stella Artois, co-directed with Roman Coppola.
2012Made of ImaginationYesCommercial, created for Sony Xperia
Do You Like to Read?YesYesShort film, created to promote Moonrise Kingdom, starring Bob Balaban.
Cousin Ben Troop Screening with Jason SchwartzmanYesYesShort film, created to promote Moonrise Kingdom, starring Jason Schwartzman.
2013Prada: CandyYesCommercial, created for Prada, starring Léa Seydoux.
Castello CavalcantiYesYesCommercial, created for Prada, starring Jason Schwartzman.
2016Come TogetherYesYesCommercial, created for H&M, starring Adrien Brody.

Recurring collaborators

Anderson's films feature many recurring actors, crew members, and other collaborators, including the Wilson brothers (Owen, Luke, and Andrew), Bill Murray,[63] Willem Dafoe, Jeff Goldblum, Edward Norton, Seymour Cassel, Anjelica Huston, Jason Schwartzman, Kumar Pallana and son Dipak Pallana, Stephen Dignan and Brian Tenenbaum, and Eric Chase Anderson (Anderson's brother). Other frequent collaborators include writer Noah Baumbach (who co-wrote The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou and Fantastic Mr. Fox, with Anderson co-producing his film The Squid and the Whale), Roman Coppola (as co-writer and second unit director), Owen Wilson (who co-wrote three of Anderson's feature films), cinematographer Robert Yeoman (A.S.C.), music supervisor Randall Poster, and composers Mark Mothersbaugh and Alexandre Desplat.

Actor/actress Bottle Rocket (1996) Rushmore (1998) The Royal Tenenbaums (2001) The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou (2004) The Darjeeling Limited (2007) Fantastic Mr. Fox (2009) Moonrise Kingdom (2012) The Grand Budapest Hotel (2014) Isle of Dogs (2018)[64][65][66]
F. Murray Abraham
Waris Ahluwalia
Bob Balaban
Adrien Brody
Seymour Cassel
Brian Cox
Willem Dafoe
Michael Gambon
Jeff Goldblum
Kara Hayward
Lucas Hedges
Neal Huff
Anjelica Huston
Harvey Keitel
Frances McDormand
Bill Murray
Kunichi Nomura
Edward Norton
Kumar Pallana
Larry Pine
Jason Schwartzman
Fisher Stevens
Tilda Swinton
Andrew Wilson
Luke Wilson
Owen Wilson
Frank Wood

Awards and nominations

YearAwardCategoryFilmResult
1996MTV Movie AwardBest New FilmmakerBottle RocketWon
Lone Star Film & Television AwardDebut of the Year Shared with Luke Wilson & Owen WilsonWon
1998Los Angeles Film Critics Association AwardNew Generation AwardBottle Rocket & RushmoreWon
1999Lone Star Film & Television AwardBest DirectorRushmoreWon
Best Writer Shared with Owen WilsonWon
National Society of Film Critics AwardBest Screenplay Shared with Owen WilsonWon
Independent Spirit AwardBest DirectorWon
2001New York Film Critics Circle AwardBest Screenplay[67]The Royal TenenbaumsWon
2002Academy AwardBest Original Screenplay Shared with Owen Wilson[68]Nominated
BAFTA Film AwardBest Original Screenplay Shared with Owen Wilson[69]Nominated
Chicago Film Critics Association AwardBest Screenplay Shared with Owen Wilson[70]Nominated
Online Film Critics Society AwardBest Screenplay Shared with Owen WilsonNominated
Phoenix Film Critics Society AwardBest Screenplay Shared with Owen WilsonNominated
Toronto Film Critics Association AwardBest ScreenplayShared with Owen Wilson[71]Nominated
Writers Guild of America AwardBest Screenplay Shared with Owen Wilson[72]Nominated
2003Bodil AwardBest American FilmNominated
DVD Premiere AwardBest Audio CommentaryNominated
2005Berlin International Film FestivalGolden BearThe Life Aquatic with Steve ZissouNominated
Golden Satellite AwardBest Screenplay Shared with Noah BaumbachNominated
2006Independent Spirit AwardBest FeatureThe Squid and the WhaleNominated
Golden Globe AwardBest Motion Picture – Musical or ComedyNominated
2007Gijón International Film Festival AwardBest FeatureThe Darjeeling LimitedNominated
Venice International Film Festival AwardGolden LionNominated
Little Golden LionWon
2008Bodil AwardBest American FilmNominated
2009National Society of Film Critics AwardSpecial Achievement AwardFantastic Mr. FoxWon
New York Film Critics Circle AwardsBest DirectorNominated
San Diego Film Critics Society AwardBest Screenplay Shared with Noah BaumbachWon
San Francisco Film Critics Circle AwardBest Screenplay Shared with Noah BaumbachWon
Southeastern Film Critics Association AwardBest Screenplay Shared with Noah BaumbachWon
2010Academy AwardBest Animated FeatureNominated
Annie AwardBest Writing in a Feature Production Shared with Noah BaumbachWon
Directing in a Feature ProductionNominated
BAFTA Film AwardBest Animated FilmNominated
Broadcast Film Critics Association AwardBest Screenplay Shared with Noah BaumbachNominated
Central Ohio Film Critics Association AwardBest Screenplay Shared with Noah BaumbachNominated
National Board of Review of Motion Pictures AwardSpecial Achievement Award for Best FilmNominated
National Society of Film Critics AwardBest DirectorNominated
New York Film Critics Circle AwardBest DirectorNominated
Online Film Critics Society AwardBest Screenplay Shared with Noah BaumbachWon
Producers Guild of America AwardBest Animated Theatrical Motion Picture Shared with Allison Abbate and Scott RudinNominated
San Diego Film Critics Society AwardBest Screenplay Shared with Noah BaumbachWon
San Francisco Film Critics Circle AwardBest Original Screenplay Shared with Noah BaumbachWon
2012Cannes Film FestivalPalme d'OrMoonrise KingdomNominated
San Diego Film Critics Society AwardBest Original Screenplay Shared with Roman CoppolaNominated
2013Academy AwardBest Original Screenplay Shared with Roman Coppola[73]Nominated
Broadcast Film Critics Association AwardBest Original Screenplay Shared with Roman Coppola[74]Nominated
Golden Globe AwardBest Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy[75]Nominated
Independent Spirit AwardBest Director[76]Nominated
Best ScreenplayShared with Roman Coppola[76]Nominated
2014Berlin International Film FestivalGolden BearThe Grand Budapest HotelNominated
Jury Grand Prix (Silver Bear)[77]Won
Chicago Film Critics Association AwardsBest Director[78]Nominated
Best Original ScreenplayWon
Dallas-Fort Worth Film Critics Association AwardsBest DirectorNominated
David di DonatelloDavid di Donatello for Best Foreign FilmWon
Detroit Film Critics Society AwardsBest Director[79]Nominated
Best ScreenplayNominated
Dublin Film Critics' Circle AwardsBest Director[80]Nominated
Florida Film Critics Circle AwardsBest Director[81]Nominated
Best Original ScreenplayWon
Indiana Film Journalists Association AwardsBest Original ScreenplayWon
Los Angeles Film Critics Association AwardsBest Director[82]Runner-up
Best ScreenplayWon
New York Film Critics Circle AwardBest Screenplay[83]Won
Phoenix Film Critics Society AwardsBest DirectorNominated
Best Original ScreenplayWon
San Diego Film Critics Society AwardsBest DirectorNominated
Best Original ScreenplayNominated
San Francisco Film Critics CircleBest Original Screenplay[84]Nominated
Southeastern Film Critics Association AwardsBest Director2nd Place
Best Original ScreenplayWon
Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association AwardsBest Original Screenplay[85]Nominated
San Francisco Film Critics Circle Award[86]Best DirectorNominated
Best Original Screenplay Shared with Hugo GuinnessNominated
Online Film Critics SocietyBest DirectorNominated
Best ScreenplayWon
St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association AwardsBest DirectorNominated
Toronto Film Critics Association AwardsBest Director[87]Nominated
Best ScreenplayWon
2015Academy AwardsBest Picture Shared with Scott Rudin, Steven Rales and Jeremy Dawson[88]Nominated
Best Director[88]Nominated
Best Original ScreenplayShared with Hugo Guinness[88]Nominated
Central Ohio Film Critics Association AwardsBest DirectorRunner-up
Best Original ScreenplayRunner-up
72nd Golden Globe AwardsBest DirectorNominated
Best ScreenplayNominated
Best Motion Picture – Musical or ComedyWon
Alliance of Women Film JournalistsBest DirectorNominated
Best Original ScreenplayNominated
Critics' Choice Movie AwardsBest PictureNominated
Best DirectorNominated
Best Original ScreenplayNominated
Best ComedyWon
68th British Academy Film AwardsBest DirectionNominated
Best Original ScreenplayWon
4th AACTA International AwardsBest DirectionNominated
Best ScreenplayNominated
Denver Film Critics SocietyBest Original ScreenplayNominated
67th Directors Guild of America AwardsOutstanding Directing – Feature FilmNominated
Georgia Film Critics Association AwardsBest DirectorNominated
Best Original ScreenplayNominated
Houston Film Critics Society AwardsBest DirectorNominated
Best Original ScreenplayNominated
London Film Critics' AwardsDirector of the YearNominated
Screenwriter of the YearWon
Location Managers Guild AwardsOutstanding Locations in Period FilmWon
National Society of Film Critics AwardsBest ScreenplayWon
Oklahoma Film Critics CircleBest Original ScreenplayWon
Vancouver Film Critics Circle AwardsBest DirectorNominated
Best ScreenplayWon
67th Writers Guild of America AwardsBest Original ScreenplayWon
2016Location Managers Guild AwardsEva Monley AwardSelfWon
2018Berlin International Film FestivalSilver Bear for Best DirectorIsle of DogsWon
SXSW Film Festival Audience AwardsHeadlinersWon

Upcoming films

A Twitter post and several news websites revealed that Anderson plans to work on a tale taking place in France after the Second World War.[89][90][91]Other sites are claiming that the film might be a musical.[92][93][94][95]

Further reading

  • Seitz, Matt Zoller (2013). The Wes Anderson Collection. New York, New York: Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 978-0810997417.
  • Browning, Mark (2011). Wes Anderson: why his movies matter. Santa Barbara, Calif: Praeger. ISBN 1-5988-4352-4.
  • "Special Issue: Wes Anderson & Co". New Review of Film and Television Studies. 10 (1). 2012. ISSN 1740-0309.
  • MacDowell, James (2010). "Notes on Quirky" (PDF). Movie: A Journal of Film Criticism. Warwick University (1).

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Bibliography
  • Browning, Mark (2011). Wes Anderson: why his movies matter. Santa Barbara, Calif: Praeger. ISBN 1-5988-4352-4.
  • "Special Issue: Wes Anderson & Co". New Review of Film and Television Studies. 10 (1). 2012. ISSN 1740-0309.
  • Seitz, Matt Zoller (2013). The Wes Anderson Collection. New York, New York: Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 978-0810997417.
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