Trogulidae
| Trogulidae | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Opiliones |
| Suborder: | Dyspnoi |
| Superfamily: | Troguloidea |
| Family: | Trogulidae Sundevall, 1833 |
| Genera | |
| |
| Diversity | |
| 7 genera, c. 45 species | |
 | |
| Approximate natural range of Trogulidae | |
The Trogulidae are a family of harvestmen with about 45 known species.
Members of this species have short legs and live in soil. They have dirt attached to their bodies, to escape predators. Their body length ranges from 2 to 22 mm. The body is in most genera somewhat flattened and leathery. Adults have a small hood, which hides their short chelicerae and pedipalps.[1]
Distribution
Members of this family occur in western and southern Europe, up to western North Africa and the Levant, the Caucasus and northern Iran. Trogulus tricarinatus, a predator of terrestrial snails, has been introduced to eastern North America.[1]
Name
The derivation of the name of the type genus, Trogulus, is not fully understood. The describer Latreille wrote that he named it because it looks like a monkshood. Perrier (1929) however derived the name from Ancient Greek trogein "gnawing", because of the rough, "gnawed-upon" appearance.[1]
Species
- Trogulus Latreille, 1802
- Trogulus albicerus Sørensen, 1873
- Trogulus aquaticus Simon, 1879
- Trogulus banaticus Avram, 1971
- Trogulus cisalpinus Chemini & Martens, 1988 (Italy)
- Trogulus coriziformis C. L. Koch, in Hahn & C .L. Koch 1839 (southern Europe, Algeria)
- Trogulus falcipenis Komposch, 1999 (Austria)
- Trogulus galasensis Avram, 1971
- Trogulus graecus Dahl, 1903 (Greece)
- Trogulus gypseus Simon, 1879 (Israel, Egypt)
- † Trogulus longipes Haupt, 1956 (fossil: Eocene)
- Trogulus lusitanicus Giltay, 1932 (Portugal)
- Trogulus martensi Chemini, 1983 (Italy)
- Trogulus nepaeformis (Scopoli, 1763) (southern Europe)
- Trogulus roeweri Avram, 1971
- Trogulus salfi Lerma, 1949 (Italy)
- Trogulus setosissmus Roewer, 1940 (Crete)
- Trogulus sinuosus Sørensen, 1873
- Trogulus squamatus C. L. Koch, in Hahn & C .L .Koch 1839 (Dalmatia)
- Trogulus tingiformis C.L. Koch, in Hahn & C. L. Koch 1839
- Trogulus torosus Simon, 1885 (Dalmatia)
- Trogulus tricarinatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (central Europe)
- Trogulus tricarinatus Linnaeus, 1758
- Trogulus hirtus Dahl, 1903 (Hercegovina)
- Trogulus uncinatus Gruber, 1973
- Anelasmocephalus Simon, 1879
- Anelasmocephalus balearicus Martens & Chemini, 1988 (Baleares)
- Anelasmocephalus bicarinatus Simon, 1879 (Algeria, Corsica)
- Anelasmocephalus brignolii Martens & Chemini, 1988 (Sardinia)
- Anelasmocephalus calcaneatus Martens & Chemini, 1988 (Sicily)
- Anelasmocephalus cambridgei (Westwood, 1874) (Europe)
- Anelasmocephalus crassipes (Lucas, 1847) (Algeria)
- Anelasmocephalus hadzii Martens, 1978 (Austria)
- Anelasmocephalus lycosinus (Sørensen, 1873) (Italy)
- Anelasmocephalus oblongus (Sørensen, 1873) (Algeria)
- Anelasmocephalus osellai Martens & Chemini, 1988 (Italy)
- Anelasmocephalus pusillus Simon, 1879 (Corsica, Sardinia)
- Anelasmocephalus pyrenaicus Martens, 1978 (Spain)
- Anelasmocephalus rufitarsis Simon, 1879 (France)
- Anelasmocephalus tenuiglandis Martens & Chemini, 1988 (France)
- Anelasmocephalus tuscus Martens & Chemini, 1988 (Italy)
- Calathocratus Simon, 1879
- Calathocratus africanus (Lucas, 1847) (southern Europe, Algeria)
- Trogulocratus Roewer, 1940
- Trogulocratus intermedius Roewer, 1940 (Crete)
- Trogulocratus rhodiensis Gruber, 1963
- Trogulocratus tunetanus Roewer, 1950
- Konfiniotis Roewer, 1940
- Konfiniotis creticus Roewer, 1940 (Crete)
- Anarthrotarsus Silhavý, 1967
- Anarthrotarsus martensi Silhavý, 1967
- Platybessobius Roewer, 1940
- Platybessobius singularis Roewer, 1940 (Crete)
- Platybessobius caucasicus Silhavý, 1966
Footnotes
References
- Joel Hallan's Biology Catalog: Trogulidae
- Pinto-da-Rocha, R., Machado, G. & Giribet, G. (eds.) (2007): Harvestmen - The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press ISBN 0-674-02343-9