Trentino Tyrolean Autonomist Party

Trentino Tyrolean Autonomist Party
Partito Autonomista Trentino Tirolese
Secretary Franco Panizza
President Federico Masera
Founded 17 January 1988
Merger of Trentino Tyrolean Autonomist Union
Integral Autonomy
Preceded by Trentino Tyrolean People's Party
Headquarters Via Roma, 7
38122 Trento
Ideology Regionalism[1]
Autonomism[2]
Christian democracy[1]
Political position Centre[3]
National affiliation Centre-left coalition, along with the South Tyrolean People's Party
European affiliation European People's Party
(observer member)
International affiliation none
European Parliament group no MEPs
Colors      Black
Chamber of Deputies
1 / 630
Senate
0 / 315
European Parliament
0 / 73
Regional Government
1 / 20
Provincial Council
7 / 35
Website
www.patt.tn.it

The Trentino Tyrolean Autonomist Party (Italian: Partito Autonomista Trentino Tirolese, PATT) is a regionalist,[1] autonomist,[2] Christian-democratic,[1] centrist[3] political party in Trentino, Italy.

The PATT is the unofficial counterpart of the South Tyrolean People's Party (SVP) in Trentino and the two parties contested together several general and European Parliament elections. Through its alliance with the SVP, the PATT applied to be admitted in the European People's Party (EPP),[4][5][6] becoming an observer member in 2016.[7]

Franco Panizza is the party's current secretary, Federico Masera its president. Ugo Rossi, a former leader, has served as President of Trentino since 2013. Panizza and Rossi are centrists and long supported the centre-left alliance with the Democratic Party and the Union for Trentino (PATT's coalition partners since 2002). Former president Walter Kaswalder, who was evicted from the party in January 2017, held a more conservative (and traditional) position, that resonated well with the party's grassroots.[8][9] Most Kaswalder's followers, notably including Dario Chilovi and Linda Tamanini (another former president), as well as the group around Mauro Ottobre (the PATT's representative in the Chamber of Deputies in 2013–2018) and the "Tyrolean" nationalists an separatists led by Giuseppe Corona,[10] left the party too.[11][12]

History

Background and foundation

The party was founded on 25 July 1948 as the Trentino Tyrolean People's Party (PPTT).

Between 1972 and 1976, the PPTT was represented in the Italian Senate by Sergio Fontanari.

In 1982 a split between the conservative wing, led by Franco Tretter, and the centrist wing of the party, led by longstanding leader Enrico Pruner, occurred. The first group retained the name of the party, but then changed it to Trentino Tyrolean Autonomist Union (UATT), while the latter took the name of Integral Autonomy (AI).[13]

In 1988 the UATT and AI were merged to form the PATT.

Participation in the provincial government

In the 1988 provincial election the PATT won 9.9% of the vote, losing ground from the combined score of UATT and AI in the 1983 election (14.4%), but joined the provincial government, led by Christian Democracy (DC).

In the 1993 provincial election the party, with 20.2%, secured the best result ever for Trentino autonomists, due to the crisis of the DC.[14] The PATT's leader, Carlo Andreotti, was President of the Province of Trento for the successive five years, at the head of a coalition composed of the PATT and the Italian People's Party, DC's successor, and some minor parties. In 1996 splinters from the PATT, led by Sergio Casagranda and Domenico Fedel (who had been more recently active with Lega Autonomia Trentino), launched a new party named Integral Autonomy (AI), which, as its namesake predecessor, represented the party's left-wing.

In the 1998 provincial election the PATT's share of the vote declined to 12.4%, due to the presence of AI (3.8%) and, especially, the success of the newly formed Daisy Civic List (22.2%). AI entered in coalition with the Daisy, while the PATT formed an alliance with the House of Freedoms and, primarily, Lega Nord Trentino (LNT) for the 2001 general election: under this arrangement, Giacomo Bezzi stood as candidate in the single-seat-constituency of Lavis, but was narrowly defeated.[15]

Alliances with the Daisy and the SVP

In 2002 the PATT entered into an alliance with the Daisy-dominated centre-left coalition. Consequently, Andreotti was appointed President of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol at the head of a coalition comprising the SVP, the Daisy, the Democrats of the Left and the Greens. Contextually, the Trentino Autonomists (AT), formed by the merger of AI with the provincial section of Italian Renewal and additional PATT splinters led by Dario Pallaoro in 2000, joined forces with the PATT.

In the run-up of the 2003 provincial election Bezzi led the party into a stable alliance with the centre-left at the provincial level, but Andreotti, who would serve as President of Trentino until 2004, disagreed, left the party and formed Autonomist Trentino (TA). In the election, Andreotti, who ran for President for the centre-right coalition led by Forza Italia, was soundly defeated (60.8% to 30.7%) by incumbent Lorenzo Dellai (Daisy), who appointed Franco Panizza of the PATT to his government. Moreover, the PATT won just 9.0% of the vote, but TA did much worse and garnered a mere 2.2%.[16][17] Two years later, Bezzi was replaced as secretary by Ugo Rossi.

After the 2006 general election, thanks to an electoral pact with the SVP and the electoral victory by the centre-left coalition The Union, the PATT was for the first time represented in the Chamber of Deputies by its former secretary Giacomo Bezzi. In 2007 the AT were formally merged into the PATT.

Continued alliance with the centre-left

In the 2008 general election the PATT formed an alliance with the Daisy Civc List and the SVP for the Senate (Sergio Muraro of the PATT was the candidate in the single-seat constituency of Pergine Valsugana),[18] while for the Chamber of Deputies the PATT supported the SVP.

Prior to the electoral campaign, Bezzi, who was not running for re-election, announced that he was going to vote for the centre-right in the election.[19] Also, would-be senator Muraro did not rule out the possibility of an alliance with the centre-right, if Silvio Berlusconi would have become Prime Minister again.[20] In the election, the centre-left was for the first time defeated in Trentino[21] and Muraro was not elected.[22] The loss brought the PATT into a bitter turmoil. Bezzi finally left the party and formed the Popular Autonomists (AP), along with two minor regionalist parties, Autonomist Trentino and the Popular Autonomy Movement.

In the 2008 provincial election the AP supported Sergio Divina, senator and leader of Lega Nord Trentino, as candidate for President, while the PATT remained aligned with the centre-left Democratic Party (PD) and Dellai's Union for Trentino (UpT). Dellai was re-elected by a landslide and the PATT gained 8.5% of the vote and three provincial deputies.[23] The PATT took part to the new government of Dellai with two provincial ministers, Panizza and Rossi.

For the 2013 general election, the PATT formed an alliance with the SVP, the UpT and the PD.[24][25] This led to the best result ever for the party in a general election: Mauro Ottobre was elected deputy in the SVP's list,[26] which gained 4.8% in Trentino, and Panizza was elected senator in the constituency of Trento.[27]

Leadership of centre-left and Trentino

In the run-up of the 2013 provincial election, Rossi of the PATT won the province's centre-left primary election.[28]

In the provincial election, Rossi was elected President with a landslide 58.1% of the vote,[29] while the PATT garnered 17.6%[30] and 7 elects in the Provincial Council (plus Rossi).[31] Bezzi, former PATT leader, stood as candidate for Forza Trentino and gained a mere 4.3% of the vote. Following the election, Rossi formed an eight-member strong government, including three ministers of the PD, two of the UpT, one of the PATT (Michele Dallapiccola) and one independent (Carlo Daldoss).[32]

The party contested the 2014 European Parliament election in alliance with the SVP,[33] whose list was supported also by the UpT.[34] The list won 12.2% in Trentino.[35]

In March 2016 the PATT held its congress. Four candidates have filed to become secretary: they include outgoing secretary and senator Panizza (whose supporters notably include Rossi),[36][37] the party's deputy Ottobre, Dario Chilovi (supported by Kaswalder) and Giuseppe Corona (representing the "Tyrolean" separatist wing).[38] With Panizza as the clear favourite, Kaswalder, who increasingly represented the party's conservative wing and had taken a critical approach on Rossi's presidency.[8][9][39][40] repeatedly tried to forge an agreement between the four candidates in order to have a jointly elected secretary[41][42][43][44][45][46] Finally, Panizza and Kaswalder found an agreement under which Chilovi would retire his candidacy for secretary and endorse Panizza, while both camps would support Carlo Pedergnana for president. Consequently, both Chilovi and Ottobre retired from the race, but Ottobre, who was very critical of the pact, chose to run for president instead.[47][48][49][50][51][52]

On congress day Panizza was voted secretary by 75% of the delegates, while Corona took 23%. Pedergnana was elected president, by beating his former ally and mentor Ottobre 59–38%.[53] The congress confirmed the strategic alliance with the SVP, while not embracing Ottobre's and especially Corona's Tyrolean nationalism.[54] A few days later, Pedergnana resigned, after some old photos of him doing the Roman salute and kissing pictures of Benito Mussolini were leaked.[55][56][57][58] A new congress was scheduled in June:[59] Ottobre wanted to run again, this time with Pedergnana's and Corona's support,[60][61][62] but he finally decided to leave the party altogether.[11] Linda Tamanini, close to Kaswalder, who was trying to keep Ottobre and the "Tyroleans" in,[63] was elected president with 70% of the vote.[64][65]

In January 2017 Kaswalder was expelled from the party, after months of tensions with the party's leadership and dissent votes in the Provincial Council.[66][67][68][69][70] Kaswalder launched the Popular Autonomists (AP),[71][72] while Tamanini resigned from president, being replaced by Federico Masera, and from the party itself.[12]

In the 2018 general election the autonomist centre-left was defeated for the first time since 1996. Under the new electoral system, which re-introduced single-seat constituencies also for the Chamber, the centre-right coalition, dominated by the Lega (LNT) and supported by Kaswalder's AP,[73] won all such constituencies in Trentino. Panizza was defeated in the Senate constituency of Trento,[74] while Emanuela Rossini was elected to the Chamber from the SVP–PATT proportional list.[75][76]

Return to the wilderness

In the run-up of the 2018 provincial election, the autonomist centre-left broke up, as both the PD and the UpT were not willing to support Rossi as candidate for President anymore.[77][78][79] The PATT will thus run as a stand-alone list, in support of Rossi.[80][81][82][83]

The electoral results of the PATT in Trentino since 1992 are shown in the table below.

1992 general1993 provinc.1994 general1994 European1996 general1998 provinc.1999 European2001 general2003 provinc.2004 European
5.7[lower-alpha 1]20.218.6[lower-alpha 2]11.3[lower-alpha 1]15.4[lower-alpha 2]12.42.9[lower-alpha 1]6.0[lower-alpha 3]9.03.8[lower-alpha 1]
2006 general2008 general2008 provinc.2009 European2013 general2013 provinc.2014 European2018 general
5.1[lower-alpha 1]4.8[lower-alpha 1]8.56.1[lower-alpha 1]4.8[lower-alpha 1]17.612.2[lower-alpha 1]5.0[lower-alpha 1]
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 In list with the South Tyrolean People's Party.
  2. 1 2 This result refers to single-seat constituencies, as the party did not field a list for proportional representation.
  3. ↑ In list with the Lega Nord (Lega Nord Trentino).

Leadership

  • Secretary: Carlo Andreotti (1988–1994), Piercesare Moreni (1994–1995), Walter Kaswalder (1995–1999), Giacomo Bezzi (1999–2005), Ugo Rossi (2005–2012), Franco Panizza (2012–present)
  • President: Enrico Pruner and Franco Tretter (1988–1990), Luigi Panizza (1990–1994), Franco Tretter (1994–1997), Carlo Andreotti (1997–1999), Eugenio Binelli (1999–2002), Rudi Oss (2002–2007), Walter Kaswalder (2007–2016), Carlo Pedergnana (2016), Linda Tamanini (2016–2017), Federico Masera (2017–present)

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Nordsieck, Wolfram (2018). "Trentino/Italy". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  2. 1 2 Jaro Stacul (2006). "Neo-nationalism or Neo-localism? Integralist Political Engagements in Italy at the Turns of the Millennium". In André Gingrich; Marcus Banks. Neo-nationalism in Europe and Beyond: Perspectives from Social Anthropology. Berghahn Books. p. 167. ISBN 978-1-84545-190-5.
  3. 1 2 Davide Vampa (2016). The Regional Politics of Welfare in Italy, Spain and Great Britain. Springer. p. 61. ISBN 978-3-319-39007-9.
  4. ↑ "Il PATT e la SVP incontrano il capogruppo del Partito Popolare Europeo, Manfred Weber - Notizie - PATT". Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  5. ↑ "A Roma l'incontro del Patt e della Svp con il presidente del PPE Joseph Daul". 13 March 2015. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  6. ↑ "Il bilancio di Rossi e l'orgoglio trentino - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 14 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  7. ↑ Party, EPP - European People's. "EPP welcomes Serbian, Italian and Lebanese parties, raises awareness concerning migration's impact on women". Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  8. 1 2 "Kaswalder suona la carica: "torniamo ai valori del passato"". 12 August 2015. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  9. 1 2 "Rossi-bis e alleati col Patt L'idea agita il centrodestra - Trentino". Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  10. ↑ "Buone e cattive notizie dal Palarotari - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 14 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  11. 1 2 "Ottobre si dimette, Tamanini presidente - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 5 June 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  12. 1 2 http://archivio.lavocedeltrentino.it/2017/12/14/anche-la-presidente-linda-tamanini-abbandona-patt
  13. ↑ "Quando tremò l'intero consiglio - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 2 October 2008. Archived from the original on 22 July 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  14. ↑ David Lublin (2014). Minority Rules: Electoral Systems, Decentralization, and Ethnoregional Party Success. Oxford University Press. p. 229. ISBN 978-0-19-994884-0.
  15. ↑ "Dipartimento per gli Affari Interni e Territoriali". elezionistorico.interno.it. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
  16. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-02-09. Retrieved 2007-02-18.
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  21. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2008-09-13. Retrieved 2008-06-20.
  22. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-02-14. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
  23. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-03-06. Retrieved 2008-11-17.
  24. ↑ "Patto per l'autonomia Svp-Pd-Patt - Trentino-Alto Adige/Suedtirol - ANSA.it". Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  25. ↑ "Patto per l'Autonomia: "Impegni che Monti ci ha negato" - Notizie - PATT". Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  26. ↑ "::: Ministero dell'Interno ::: Archivio Storico delle Elezioni". Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  27. ↑ "::: Ministero dell'Interno ::: Archivio Storico delle Elezioni". Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  28. ↑ Online, Redazione. "Pd, oltre 23 mila alle primarie in Trentino Vince l'autonomista Ugo Rossi". Retrieved 8 April 2017.
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  30. ↑ S.R.l., DOTCOM. "Elezioni 2013 - Provincia autonoma di Trento". Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  31. ↑ S.R.l., DOTCOM. "Elezioni 2013 - Provincia autonoma di Trento". Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  32. ↑ "Provincia, nominata la nuova Giunta: ecco tutti gli assessori". Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  33. ↑ "PD, SVP, PATT e SLOVENI INSIEME PER LE EUROPEE - Notizie - PATT". Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  34. ↑ "Notizia del 02.05.2014 - Unione per il Trentino". Retrieved 2 March 2018.
  35. ↑ "::: Ministero dell'Interno ::: Archivio Storico delle Elezioni". Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  36. ↑ "Rossi: "Senza Panizza vado a casa" - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 29 February 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  37. ↑ "Patt, partito di governo (e petaloso) - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 29 February 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
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  39. ↑ "Bottamedi-Kaswalder l'ennesimo strappo Pd e Upt: "Ora basta" - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 26 February 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  40. ↑ "Dal "vai con la Lega" alla pace Walter, oppositore riallineato - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 10 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  41. ↑ "Congresso Patt, Kaswalder sonda la candidatura unitaria - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 11 February 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  42. ↑ "Patt, unità saltata E ora Rossi teme una vittoria a metà - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 28 February 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  43. ↑ ""Patt, serve un accordo Più autonomia alle sezioni" - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 3 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  44. ↑ ""Dignità alle mie tesi o niente accordo" - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 4 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  45. ↑ "Panizza: dialogo con Kaswalder ma niente accordi a tutti i costi - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 7 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  46. ↑ "Il Patt spaccato verso il congresso di domenica - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 9 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
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  48. ↑ "Intesa con Kaswalder, Panizza blindato - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 10 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  49. ↑ "L'ira di Ottobre: "Una porcata contro di me" - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 10 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  50. ↑ ""Nel Patt troppi giochi sporchi e accordi sleali" - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 11 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  51. ↑ "«Nostra base unita, Rossi anche nel 2018» - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 13 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  52. ↑ ""Tradito, questo Patt non è più casa mia" - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 13 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  53. ↑ "Panizza fa il pieno, Ottobre sconfitto (ma sfiora il 40) - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 13 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  54. ↑ "Il Patt sceglie la linea di Panizza - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 14 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  55. ↑ "Patt, il saluto fascista del neo-presidente - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 17 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
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  58. ↑ "L'ex presidente in lacrime: "Colpita la mia famiglia" - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 18 March 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
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  60. ↑ "Ottobre: "Nessun veto sul mio nome Io mi candido" - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 17 May 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  61. ↑ "Patt, resa dei conti con Ottobre e Kaswalder - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 18 May 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  62. ↑ "Patt, Mauro Ottobre candidato presidente - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 21 May 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  63. ↑ "Kaswalder: "Ottobre e Corona vanno tenuti dentro" - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 10 June 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  64. ↑ "Linda Tamanini è la nuova presidente - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 12 June 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  65. ↑ n.marchesoni@ladige.it (11 June 2016). "Linda Tamanini è il nuovo presidente del Patt". Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  66. ↑ "La sentenza: Kaswalder espulso dal Patt - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 21 January 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  67. ↑ "Ottobre: "Il Patt è morto" Bezzi: "Partito di sinistra" - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 22 January 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  68. ↑ ""Io fuori, Baratter dentro. Vergogna" - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 22 January 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  69. ↑ "Panizza:"Kaswalder? Si è fatto espellere lui Non vedo proteste" - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 24 January 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  70. ↑ "Kaswalder espulso dal gruppo - Cronaca - Trentino Corriere Alpi". 26 January 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2017.
  71. ↑ "Autonomisti Popolari, il partito di Kaswalder che vuole unire il centrodestra. Vedrai che bel risultato". 18 November 2017. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
  72. ↑ http://www.lavocedeltrentino.it/2017/11/18/autonomisti-popolari-leuropa-dei-popoli-delle-regioni-la-fondazione
  73. ↑ http://www.ildolomiti.it/politica/2018/la-lega-apre-al-patt-fugatti-il-dialogo-e-soltanto-con-gli-autonomisti-veri
  74. ↑ http://elezioni.interno.gov.it/senato/scrutini/20180304/scrutiniSI04140000000
  75. ↑ http://www.ildolomiti.it/politica/2018/elezioni-proporzionale-solo-emanuela-rossini-del-patt-dentro-fraccaro-e-la-lega
  76. ↑ http://www.agenziagiornalisticaopinione.it/lancio-dagenzia/patt-emanuela-rossini-la-nuova-deputata-del-partito-autonomista-trentino-tirolese-stata-eletta-alla-camera-dei-deputati
  77. ↑ https://www.lavocedeltrentino.it/2018/07/31/l-upt-chiude-a-rossi-niente-ricatti-dal-patt
  78. ↑ http://www.giornaletrentino.it/cronaca/il-pd-si-spacca-in-due-e-dice-no-al-rossi-bis-1.1714158
  79. ↑ http://www.trentotoday.it/politica/ugo-rossi-ultimo-discorso-elezioni.html
  80. ↑ http://www.ladige.it/news/politica/2018/08/28/patt-balla-solo-avanti-rossi-ghezzi-daldoss-asse-anti-lega
  81. ↑ https://www.lavocedeltrentino.it/2018/08/28/elezioni-provinciali-2018-il-patt-va-da-solo-con-ugo-rossi-presidente
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Sources

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