Timeline of portable computers
Year | Price | CPU @ MHz | Computer name | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
1954 | Vacuum tube: Diode gates, tube amplifiers and electrical delay lines @ 1 | DYSEAC | For the military, movable by truck. | |
1955 | ~86,074 (786,000 in 2017) USD | Custom vacuum tube cpu @ 0.01 | Monrobot V | For the military, movable by truck. Used for surveying and mapmaking. |
1957 | ~70,500 (614,300 in 2017) USD / RECOMP II | Transistorized: Printed circuit cards @ ? | RECOMP I CP-266 | For the military, movable by two men. |
1959 | ~1,600,000 (13,400,000 in 2017) USD / MOBIDIC A | Custom transistor cpu (inverter logic) @ 1 / MOBIDIC B | MOBIDIC | Truck-based for the military, five were built and deployed. Sylvania later offered a commercial version as the S 9400.
Clock speed is unknown but ADD instructions are documented as taking 16μs, i.e. ~62k ADD/s |
1960 | ~6,900,000 (57,100,000 in 2017) USD (development)[1] | Modular circuit boards @ 0.448 | FADAC | For the military, movable by two men. |
1960 | ~125,600 (1,028,600 in 2017) USD | Standard Modular System with complementary Diode-transistor logic @ 0.087 | IBM 1401 | Truck-based for military,[2][3] also touring Datamobile[4] for demos. |
1960[5] | ~40,500 (331,700 in 2017) USD[6] | Plug-in circuit modules @ 2[5][7] | PB 250 | Portable as the control computer for commercial mobile (by truck) data systems. Can operate entirely from a battery.[8][9] |
1961 | ~500,000 (4,100,000 in 2017) USD | Custom transistor cpu @ 1 | BASICPAC | For the military, movable by truck. |
1962 | ~40,000 (320,000 in 2017) USD | Circuit modules (micromodular)[10][11] @ ? | L-2010 | For the military.[12][11] |
1975 | 8975 USD | IBM PALM processor @ 1.9 | IBM 5100 Portable Computer[13] | 64K = 17 975 USD. |
1975 | 4000 USD | Motorola 6800 @ 1 | MIT Suitcase Computer | 4K SRAM, approx. 20 lbs. Built by David Emberson in the MIT Digital Systems Laboratory as a thesis project. Currently in the collection of Dr. Hoo-Min D. Toong. |
1976 | 50 000 USD | Z80? @ 1 | Xerox NoteTaker | |
1977 | 2495 USD | Z80 | Versatile 2[14][15] | |
1978 | 10 225 USD | IBM PALM processor @ 1.9 | IBM 5110[16] | |
1979 | 375 USD | 6502 @ 1, 1K | Rockwell AIM-65 | 20 Character alphanumeric display.[14][17][18] |
1979 | 3250 USD | Custom HP 8 bit @ 0.613 | Hewlett-Packard Model 85[19] | |
1980 | ? | PA512 | Made in Serbia. | |
1980 | 230 USD | SC43177, SC43178 | TRS-80 Pocket Computer[20] | |
1980 | Intel 8085 @ 2.0 | Portal R2E CCMC | The Portal was a portable microcomputer designed and marketed by the studies and developments department of the french firm R2E Micral in 1980 at the request of the company CCMC specializing in payroll and accounting. It was equipped with a central 64 KB RAM, a keyboard with 58 alpha numeric keys and 11 numeric keys (separate blocks), a 32-character screen, a floppy disk: capacity = 140000 characters, of a thermal printer: speed = 28 characters / second, an asynchronous channel, a synchronous channel, a 220 V power supply. Designed for an operating temperature of 15–35 °C, it weighed 12 Kg and its dimensions were 45 x 45 x 15 cm. It provided total mobility. Its operating system was PROLOGUE. | |
1981 | 1795 USD | Z80 @ 4.0 | Osborne 1 | |
1981 | 795 USD | 2x Hitachi 6301 @ 0.614 | Epson HX-20[21] | |
1981 | Z80 compatible | Husky (computer)[22] | ||
1982 | 8088 @ 4.77 | Columbia Data Products | ||
1982 | Z80A @ 4 | Grundy NewBrain | ||
1982 | Z80 @ 2.5 | Kaypro | ||
1982 | [23] 8000 USD | 8086 @ ? | Grid Compass 1100 | NASA laptop |
1982 | Z80 @ 4.0 | Osborne Executive | ||
1983 | x86 | Hyperion (computer) | ||
1983 | x86 | Compaq Portable | ||
1983 | 1099 USD | 80C85 @ 2.4 | TRS-80 Model 100 | 40 x 8 LCD |
1983 | Z80A, 8086, 128K | Seequa Chameleon [14] | ||
1983 | Z80A @ 3.4 | Sord IS-11 | ||
1983 | 1595 USD | Z80A @ 4 | Zorba | |
1984 | 4225 USD | 8088 @ 4.77 | IBM 5155[24] | |
1984 | Z80 | Actrix (computer) | ||
~1984 | 8088 @ 4.77 | Bondwell-8 | ||
1984 | 995 USD | Z80 @ 2.45 | Epson PX-8 Geneva[25] | |
1984 | 6502 @ 1.02 | Commodore SX-64 | First portable with color display | |
1984 | x86 | Data General-One | ||
1984 | Z80 @ 4.0 | Osborne Vixen | ||
1984 | 80C88 | ZP-150 | ||
1984 | 595 USD | HP-71B | Calculator programmable in BASIC | |
1984 | 2995 USD | Harris 80C86 @ 5.33 | HP 110 | 80 x 16 LCD, 300 baud modem |
1984 | 1965 GBP | 8086 @ 4.77 | Apricot Portable | First portable computer with 25-line LCD. Included speech recognition, wireless keyboard, and optional wireless mouse. |
1985 | 995 USD | Z80 @ 4 | Bondwell-2 | |
1985 | Harris 80C86 @ 5.33 | HP 110 Plus | 80 x 25 LCD, 1200 baud modem | |
1985 | 1899 USD | Toshiba T1100 80C88 @ 4.77 | Toshiba T1100 | 80 x 25 LCD |
1986 | 8088 @ 4.77 | IBM 5140 | ||
1986 | Intel 80286 @ 8 | Compaq Portable II | ||
1986 | ? | LPA512 | ||
1987 | Z80 | Cambridge Z88 | ||
1988 | Intel 8088 | NEC UltraLite | ||
1988 | 68HC000 @ 8 | Atari STacy | ||
1989 | Intel 8088 @ 4.9152 | Atari Portfolio | ||
1989 | 2000 USD | Intel 80C88 @ 7 | Poqet PC (Classic) | |
1989 | 8086 @ 9.55 | Compaq LTE | ||
1989 | Motorola 68000 @ 16 | Macintosh Portable | ||
1989 | Motorola 68000 @ 15 | Outbound Laptop | ||
1991 | Motorola 68000 @ 8 | ST BOOK [26][27] | ||
1991 | NEC V20 @ 5.37 | HP 95LX | ||
1991 | 2300 USD | Motorola 68000 @ 16 | Apple PowerBook 100 | |
1992 | IBM 486SLC @ 25 | IBM ThinkPad | ||
1992 | Z80, 64K | Amstrad NC100 | ||
1992 | 4950 USD | CY601 + CY604 @ 25 MHz | SPARCbook1 | Unix with SunOS |
1993 | Intel "Hornet" 80186 @ 7.91 | HP 100LX | ||
1993 | ? | AlphaSmart | ||
1994 | Intel "Hornet" 80186 @ 7.91 | HP 200LX | ||
1995 | IBM ThinkPad Butterfly keyboard | |||
1997 | Intel Pentium @ 150 | IBM Thinkpad 380 | ||
2001 | SA-1110 @ 206 | SIMpad |
See also
References
- ↑ United States. (1969). "Field Artillery Digital Automatic Computer (FADAC) - TOTAL FADAC COSTS". Hearings Cong. 91 sess. 1 Appropriations v. 9 1969. 9: 645 – via HathiTrust.
- ↑ "IBM 1401: The Mainframe".
- ↑ "Columbia University Computing History: IBM 1401".
- ↑ "IBM 1401: Cultural Impacts".
- 1 2 Beck, Robert Mark (30 December 1960). "PB-250 - A High Speed Serial General Purpose Computer Using Magnetostrictive Delay Line Storage". Managing Requirements Knowledge, International Workshop on(AFIPS): 284–285, 287. doi:10.1109/afips.1960.58.
The first production computer was delivered in October 1960.
- ↑ Weik, Martin H. (Mar 1961). "PACKARD BELL 250". ed-thelen.org. A Third Survey of Domestic Electronic Digital Computing Systems.
- ↑ "The PB-250". www.cca.org.
- ↑ . 196207.pdf. "ACROSS THE EDITOR'S DESK: New Firms, Divisions, and Mergers - ON-CALL DATA VANS FOR HIRE". Computers and Automation. XI (7): 28. Jul 1962.
- ↑ . 196102.pdf. "BATTERY OPERATED COMPUTER". Computers and Automation. 10 (2): 1B (17). Feb 1961.
- ↑ "The RCA Micromodule". Vintage Computer Chip Collectibles, Memorabilia & Jewelry. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
- 1 2 . 196211.pdf. "ACROSS THE EDITOR'S DESK: New Products - LIBRASCOPE INTRODUCES L-2010 COMPUTER". Computers and Automation. XI (11): 26, 31. Nov 1962.
- ↑ . 196212.pdf. "1962 PICTORIAL REPORT ON THE COMPUTER FIELD: DIGITAL COMPUTERS - L-20l0 GENERAL PURPOSE COMPUTER". Computers and Automation. XI (12): 26. Dec 1962.
- ↑ "IBM 5100 computer". 090508 oldcomputers.net
- 1 2 3 "MicrocomputerChronology". Archived from the original on 2012-12-23. 090508 is2.lse.ac.uk
- ↑ "old-computers.com : The Museum". 090508 old-computers.com
- ↑ "IBM 5110 computer". 090508 oldcomputers.net
- ↑ "Weird World of Hardware". 090508 trygve.com
- ↑ "Rockwell AIM-65 computer". 090508 oldcomputers.net
- ↑ "Old Computers – rare, vintage, and obsolete computers". 090508 oldcomputers.net
- ↑ "Radio Shack TRS-80 Pocket Computer". 090508 oldcomputers.net
- ↑ "Epson HX-20 computer". 090508 oldcomputers.net
- ↑ "OLD-COMPUTERS.COM : The Museum". 090508 old-computers.com
- ↑ "World's first laptop. Osborne 1 GRiD Compass 1101". 090519 thelong..last.com
- ↑ "IBM 5155 portable computer". 090508 oldcomputers.net
- ↑ "Epson PX-8 computer". 090508 oldcomputers.net
- ↑ "Planet Irata: Atari ST Book Notebook Computer". Archived from the original on 2009-10-26. 090508 geocities.com
- ↑ "Chips in ATARI-Computern mit TOS-Betriebssystem". 090508 xs4all.nl
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