Timeline of Clermont-Ferrand

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Clermont-Ferrand, France.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

Early history

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  • 1st century BC - Augustonemetum founded at near Nemossos, the ancient capital of the Arverni
  • 2nd century - Augustonemetum has grown into a city, with a population estimated at between 15,000 and 30,000
  • 3rd century - the city is depopulated, and survives only as a fort at the site of the forum.
  • 4th century - the settlement is now known as Arvernis, with a population estimated at 700 people; the Roman Catholic diocese of Clermont is established.[1] Five gates are built into the fortifications, while the rest of the Roman city lies in ruins.
  • 5th century - Abbey of Saint Allyre construction begins.
  • 471/475 - Arvernis besieged by the Visigoths; part of the Visigothic kingdom until the Frankish conquest in 507.
  • 535 - Council of Clermont (535).[2]
  • 549 - Second council of Clermont.[2]
  • 587 - Third council of Clermont.[2][3]

Medieval to early modern

  • 761 - Pepin the Short pillages urbs Arverna and takes its fort, Claremontem Castrum.
  • 848 - first mention of the name Clermont (Clarus Mons) as the name of the city; Arvernis remains in use as alongside Clermont at least until the end of the 9th century.
  • 862 - city destroyed by Vikings and rebuilt under bishop Sigon
  • 898/910 - city again pillaged by Vikings
  • 946 - traditional date for the consecration of the Romanesque cathedral built under bishop Stephen II.
  • 1095 - Council of Clermont: pope gives speech that starts the First Crusade.[2]
  • 12th century - Basilica of Notre-Dame du Port rebuilt (approximate date).[2]
  • 1130 - Religious council held in Clermont.[2]
  • 13th century - Construction of gothic-style Clermont Cathedral begins.[2]
  • 1273 - Chapelle des Cordeliers (Clermont-Ferrand) construction begins.
  • 15th century - Château de Rabanesse construction begins.[4]
  • 1515 - Fontaine d'Amboise (fountain) erected.[2]
  • 1623 - 19 June: Birth of Blaise Pascal.
  • 1665 - Grands jours d'Auvergne begin.[2]
  • 1675 - Collège des Jésuites de Clermont-Ferrand building construction begins.[4]
  • 1731 - Towns of Clermont and Montferrand merge to become "Clermont Montferrand."[2]
  • 1747 - Clermont-Ferrand Academy of Sciences, Humanities and Arts founded.[5]
  • 1790 - Clermont-Ferrand becomes part of the Puy-de-Dôme souveraineté.[6]

19th century

  • 1801
    • Cantons of Clermont-Est, Clermont-Nord, Clermont-Sud, and Clermont-Sud-Ouest created.[6]
    • Fontaine de la Pyramide erected.
  • 1806 - Population: 30,982.[6]
  • 1826 - Chamber of Commerce established.[7]
  • 1855 - Moniteur du Puy-de-Dôme newspaper begins publication.[8]
  • 1858 - Fontaine des Quatre-Saisons (Clermont-Ferrand) installed in the Place de la Rodade.
  • 1862 - Clermont-Ferrand Synagogue[4] and Church of Saint Eutropius built.
  • 1886 - Population: 46,718.[9]
  • 1889 - Michelin et Cie in business.[10]
  • 1894 - Société d'histoire naturelle d'Auvergne established.[11]
  • 1895 - Fontaine d'Urbain II installed in the Place de la Victoire (Clermont-Ferrand).
  • 1896 - Avenir du Puy-de-Dôme newspaper begins publication.[8]

20th century

  • 1906 - Galeries de Jaude (shop) built.
  • 1911 - Population: 65,386.[12]
  • 1919 - La Montagne newspaper begins publication.
  • 1921 - Population: 82,577.[6]
  • 1926 - Population: 111,711.[6]
  • 1940
    • June: City briefly occupied by German forces.[13]
    • July: City becomes temporary seat of government of France, which shortly relocates to Vichy.[13]
  • 1944 - Le Semeur Hebdo begins publication.
  • 1961
    • Gare routière (Clermont-Ferrand) built.
    • Association Montferrand Renaissance founded.[14]
  • 1974 - Jardin botanique de la Charme (garden) created.
  • 1975 - Population: 156,763.[6]
  • 1977 - Islamic community of Clermont-Ferrand established in the former Refuge du Bon Pasteur chapel.[15][16]
  • 1979 - Maison des Congrès et de la Culture (Clermont-Ferrand) in use.
  • 1982
  • 1995 - Radio Campus Clermont-Ferrand begins broadcasting.
  • 1999
    • Polydome convention centre opens.
    • Population: 137,140.[6]

21st century

See also

other cities in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region

References

  1. ↑ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: France". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Britannica 1910.
  3. ↑ Charles Daniel (1903). "Conciles particuliers". Manuel des sciences sacrées (in French). Paris: Delhomme & Briguet. (chronological list)
  4. 1 2 3 "Patrimoine architectural (Clermont-Ferrand)". Base Mérimée (in French). Minister of Culture (France). Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  5. ↑ Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Notice communale: Clermont-Ferrand". Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui (in French). France: School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  7. ↑ United States Department of Commerce; Archibald J. Wolfe (1915). "List of Chambers". Commercial Organizations in France. USA: Government Printing Office.
  8. 1 2 A. de Chambure (1914). A travers la presse (in French). Paris: Fert, Albouy & cie.
  9. ↑ "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1890.
  10. ↑ History of the Michelin Group (timeline), Michelin, retrieved 30 December 2015
  11. ↑ "Sociétés savantes de France (Clermont-Ferrand)" (in French). Paris: Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  12. ↑ "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921.
  13. 1 2 Sweets 1986.
  14. ↑ "Association Montferrand renaissance". Data.bnf.fr. Bibliothèque nationale de France. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  15. ↑ "À Clermont-Ferrand, la chapelle devenue mosquée", Le Figaro (in French), Paris, 11 October 2012
  16. 1 2 "Religion: quand les sœurs prêtaient leur chapelle aux musulmans", Le Parisien (in French), 16 June 2015
  17. 1 2 "Données du Monde: Clermont-Ferrand", Le Monde (in French), retrieved 30 December 2015

This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

  • Abraham Rees (1819), "Clermont", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
  • "Clermont". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.
  • S. Kahn (1903), "Clermont-Ferrand", Jewish Encyclopedia, 4, New York
  • "Clermont-Ferrand", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
  • Georges Goyau (1910). "Clermont". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York.
  • "Clermont-Ferrand", Southern France (6th ed.), Leipzig: Baedeker, 1914
  • Daniel C. Haskell, ed. (1922), "Provencal literature and language, including the local history of southern France", Bulletin of the New York Public Library, 26, Local history: Clermont-Ferrand
  • John F. Sweets (1986). Choices in Vichy France: The French Under Nazi Occupation. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-503751-7. (case study of Clermont-Ferrand)

in French

  • Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Champagnac (1839). "Clermont-Ferrand". Manuel des dates, en forme de dictionnaire. Perisse frères.
  • Benoît Gonod (1839). "Histoire moderne (Villes et provinces de France): Clermont". Catalogue des livres imprimés et manuscrits de la bibliothèque de la ville de Clermont-Ferrand. Clermont-Ferrand: Perol.
  • Jean-Baptiste Bouillet. Tablettes historiques de l'Auvergne (in French). Clermont-Ferrand. 1840-1847. 8 vols.
  • Ambroise Tardieu (historian) (1872). Histoire de la ville de Clermont-Ferrand (in French).
  • Clermont-Ferrand et le Puy-de-Dôme (in French). Association française pour l'avancement des sciences. 1908.
  • "Clermont-Ferrand". Auvergne et centre. Guides Joanne (in French). 1908.
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