South Korean legislative election, 2020

South Korean legislative election, 2020
15 April 2020
All 300 seats of the National Assembly
151 seats needed for a majority

  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Lee Hae-chan Kim Byong-joon Sohn Hak-kyu
Party Democratic Liberty Korea Bareunmirae
Leader since 25 August 2018 17 July 2018 2 September 2018
Leader's seat Sejong - -
Last election 123 seats 122 seats 38 seats
Seats before 129 112 30
  Fourth party Fifth party
 
Leader Chung Dong-young Lee Jeong-mi
Party Democracy and Peace Justice
Leader since 5 August 2018 11 July 2017
Leader's seat Jeolla Jeonju C List (Proportional representation)
Last election – 6 seats
Seats before 14 5
Speaker before election

Moon Hee-sang
Democratic

 Elected Speaker

TBD

South Korea
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
the Republic of Korea
Constitution

South Korea's 21st legislative election will be held on 15 April 2020. All 300 members of the National Assembly will be elected with 253 from first-past-the-post constituencies and 47 from proportional party lists. The electoral system and number of the members of the National Assembly could change before the election in 2020 due to the constitutional amendments and electoral reforms proposed by the incumbent president, Moon Jae-in.[1]

Electoral system

300 members of the National Assembly were elected in the 2016 elections, of whom 253 (84%) were elected from single-member constituencies on a first-past-the-post basis, and 47 (16%) from closed party lists through proportional representation by the Hare quota largest remainder method, in accordance with South Korea's Public Official Election Act.[2] In order to win seats through proportional representation, parties needed to pass an election threshold of either 5 single-member districts or 3% of the total list vote.[3]

Restrictions on candidates

Candidates for the National Assembly were required to pay a fee of 15,000,000 South Korean won (US$14,000 as of December 2017), and under the National Security Act the Constitutional Court may block the registration of "left-wing", "pro–North Korean" parties, though this provision had not affected the recent elections.[4]

Date and process

The 2020 election for the National Assembly will be held on April 15, in accordance with Article 34 of the Public Official Election Act, which specifies that Election Day for legislative elections is held on "the first Wednesday from the 50th day before the expiration of the [National Assembly members'] term of office".[5] Eligible voters were required to be registered and at least 19 years old on the day of the election,[4] and needed to show an approved form of identification at the polling place. Polls on Election Day will be open from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. Korea Standard Time (21:00–09:00 UTC, April 14–15).[6]

Since 2009, voters have been able to vote overseas.[4] The electorates can also cast early votes at polling stations in Korea without prior notice.[7]

Parties and candidates

Five major parties will contest the 2020 election:

Two other parties have one member in the current National Assembly: the left-wing nationalist Minjung Party and far-right pro-Park Korean Patriots' Party.

Opinion polls

Opinion polls have been carried out for the South Korean legislative election in 2020.

2018

Date Polling firm Democratic Liberty Korea Bareunmirae Democracy and Peace Justice Others Lead
21-23 August 2018 Gallup Korea 42 11 5 1 15 1 27
13-17 August 2018 Realmeter 39.6 19.9 7.3 2.4 13.3 1.7 19.7
4-5 August 2018 ResearchView 41.9 15.8 6.6 1.2 17 2.4 24.9
31 July- 2 August 2018 Gallup Korea 41 11 5 1 15 0 26
23-27 July 2018 Realmeter 44 18.6 7 2.9 12.5 1.6 25.4
10-12 July 2018 Gallup Korea 49 10 6 0.3 10 0 39
9-11 July 2018 Realmeter 44.3 16.8 6.3 2.8 12.4 2.6 27.5
2-6 July 2018 Realmeter 47.5 18.3 5.8 2.9 10.4 2.6 29.2
30 June-1 July 2018 ResearchView 48 20 5 4 12 4 28
26-28 June 2018 Gallup Korea 52 10 5 1 9 1 42
25-27 June 2018 Realmeter 47.8 18.3 5.3 2.3 10.1 2.6 29.5
18-20 June 2018 Realmeter 53.6 17.4 5.2 2.7 7.9 1.9 36.2
13 June 2018 Local Elections 51.4 27.8 7.8 1.5 9 2.5 23.6
2018 local elections
28 May-1 June 2018 Realmeter 52.2 19.8 5.6 2.9 6.3 1.9 32.4
23-24 May 2018 Gallup Korea 53 13 5 1 4 0 40
14-18 May 2018 Realmeter 54.2 18.7 5.7 3.4 5.8 1.5 35.5
5-6 May 2018 ResearchView 55 20 7 2 6 2 35
28-29 April 2018 KSOI 58.8 11 6.8 0.6 4.2 2 47.8
9-13 April 2018 Realmeter 50.4 21.9 5.7 3.3 4.2 1.9 28.5
26-30 March 2018 Realmeter 51.3 20.7 6.8 2.4 5.2 2.2 30.6
20-22 March 2018 Gallup Korea 47 14 6 1 5 0 33
26 February-2 March 2018 Realmeter 50 19.7 6.8 3 4.5 2.6 30.3
20–22 February 2018 Gallup Korea 48 11 8 1 6 1 37
11–14 February 2018 Kantar Public 47.9 14.9 8.1 1.6 5.6 1.3 33
5–9 February 2018 Realmeter 44.4 19.1 11 4.2 7 2.1 25.3

2016 to 2017

Date Polling firm Democratic Liberty Korea People's Bareun Justice Others Lead
18–22 December 2017 Realmeter 52.0 17.8 4.9 5.7 5.2 1.6 34.2
5–7 December 2017 Gallup Korea 46 11 5 8 5 0 35
18–19 November 2017 Research & Research 49.0 11.8 5.5 6.3 5.4 0.8 37.2
30 October–1 November 2017 Realmeter 50.9 17.5 6.6 4.4 5.7 2.3 33.4
13–14 October 2017 KSOI 49.7 12.2 6.9 5.2 5.6 1.7 37.5
18–20 September 2017 Realmeter 49.8 17.0 6.0 6.3 4.7 2.8 32.8
28–30 August 2017 Realmeter 52.2 16.8 6.2 6.5 6.0 1.7 35.4
4–6 July 2017 Gallup Korea 50 14 4 8 6 0 36
10–12 May 2017 Realmeter 44.7 13.0 8.8 8.3 9.6 1.3 31.7
2017 presidential election
26 April 2017 Research & Research 38.8 12.9 20.3 5.7 6.3 0.3 18.5
11–13 April 2017 Gallup Korea 41 9 24 4 4 0 17
14 March 2017 Hankook Research 39.4 10.5 9.3 4.8 5.2 2,9 28.9
Impeachment of Park Geun-hye
1–2 February 2017 Realmeter 36.4 11.6 12.1 7.9 4.8 2,7 24.8
28–30 January 2017 JoWon C&I 36.9 12.3 11.9 8.8 5.0 3,0 24.6
10–12 January 2017 Gallup Korea 41 12 10 7 3 0 29
2016 South Korean political scandal
24–26 October 2016 Realmeter 30.5 26.5 14.4 - 4.5 3.9 4.0
26–30 September 2016 Realmeter 28.8 33.0 13.9 - 4.5 3.6 4.2
27–28 August 2016 ResearchView 30.6 27.6 14.3 - 7.4 0.7 3.0
31 July–1 August 2016 R&Search 23.0 33.5 11.8 - 5.6 - 10.5
28–30 June 2016 Gallup Korea 23 30 14 - 6 0 7
30 May–1 June 2016 Realmeter 29.8 30.1 17.7 - 7.6 2.9 0.3
19–21 Apr 2016 Gallup Korea 24 30 25 - 7 0 5
13 Apr 2016 2016 elections (PR) 25.5 33.5 26.7 - 7.2 6.9 8.0
General notes
  • Gallup Korea provides poll results only to the nearest whole number.

References

  1. ↑ "지방선거 득실 계산… 민주당-한국당, 접점없는 '개헌' 대치". Donga Ilbo. Naver. Retrieved 25 December 2017.
  2. ↑ Article 189, subsection (3), Public Official Election Act, "Legislation & Judicial Decision". Republic of Korea National Election Commission. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  3. ↑ "Election Districts and Representation System". Republic of Korea National Election Commission. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
  4. 1 2 3 "South Korea". Sustainable Governance Indicators. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  5. ↑ Article 34, Public Official Election Act, "Legislation & Judicial Decision". Republic of Korea National Election Commission. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  6. ↑ "National Assembly elections: April 13, 2016". Republic of Korea National Election Commission. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
  7. ↑ Lee, Rachel (8 April 2016). "Early voting begins for general election". The Korea Times. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
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