Snugborough
Snugborough is a townland in the Parish of Tomregan, Barony of Tullyhaw, County Cavan, Ireland.
Etymology
The townland originally formed two divisions, the older Irish names of which were Kealloge and Knockan. Kealloge was an Anglicisation of the Gaelic placename ‘Coill Og’, which means The New or Little Wood and it is depicted with this name on the 1609 Ulster Plantation map.[1] Knockan was an Anglicisation of the Gaelic placename ‘Cnocan’, which means A little hill. Snugborough formed part of the Manor of Calva which was granted to Walter Talbot in 1610 as part of the Plantation of Ulster. The 1652 Commonwealth Survey spells the names as Keelogg and Knockan. The 1659 Down Survey map spells it as Killoyne.[2] William Petty's 1685 map spells it as Killoyne.[3] In 1724 the Calva estate was sold by the Gwyllym family to Colonel Alexander Montgomery (1686–1729). Mrs Montgomery was formerly Miss Elizabeth Percy of Snugborough House, County Wicklow, which was erected in 1695. When she died in December 1724, a few months after her husband bought the Ballyconnell estate, he renamed Kealloge as Snugborough in his wife’s honour. The 1790 Cavan Carvaghs list spells the name as Cnockan and Killogg.[4] Ambrose Leet's 1814 Directory spells the name as Snug-borough.[5].
Geography
It is bounded on the north by the international border with Fermanagh and Northern Ireland, on the east by Aughrim, Mucklagh & Gortoorlan townlands, on the south by Derryginny townland and on the west by Carrowmore, County Cavan townland. Its chief geographical features are some mountain streams, a pond on its boundary with Gortoorlan, forestry plantations and Slieve Rushen mountain, on whose southern slope it lies, reaching an altitude of over 1,000 feet (300 m) above sea-level. The townland is traversed by the N87 road (Ireland), Bawnboy Road, Carrowmore Lane and Snugborough Lane. Snugborough covers an area of 499 statute acres, including 7 acres (28,000 m2) of water.
History
The 1652 Commonwealth Survey lists the townland as belonging to Captain Gwilliams (i.e. the landlord of Ballyconnell, Captain Thomas Gwyllym). The Hearth Money Rolls of 1664 list the occupiers of the townland as Patricke McConell, Murto Abraham, Owen McKernan, Knoghure McKeney and Edmund O’Reilly.
In the Irish Rebellion of 1798 Catholics attacked the Protestant soldiers returning from the Battle of Ballinamuck on 8 September 1798. The incident took place at Soldier's Bray, Snugborough.[6]
The Tithe Applotment Books for 1827 list the following tithepayers in the townland- Kernan, Baxter, Hewit, Might, Moore, McGuire, O'Neil, Gerty, Friel, O'Brien, Conoly, McBryan, Banon, Seaton, Gilease, McGauran, Launders, Gibson, Reilly, Donahy, Shenan, Fitzpatrick.[7]
The Ordnance Survey Name Books for 1836 give the following description of the townland- Snugborough. This was formerly a part of Carramore. Property of Montgomery. Half is mountain and pasture. Gravelly soil. 3 forts in south. Poor inhabitants.
The 1841 Census of Ireland gives a population of 223 in Snugborough, of which 112 were males and 111 were females, with 37 houses.
The 1851 Census of Ireland gives a population of 200, a decrease of 23 on the 1841 figure, due to the intervening Irish Famine of 1845–47, of which 105 were males and 95 were females, with 34 houses, of which 1 was uninhabited. The decrease was larger in the female population.
Griffith's Valuation of 1857 lists the landlord of the townland as the Annesley Estate & the tenants as O’Neill, Brien, McBrien, Burns, Donohoe, Gilleese, Carberry, Freehill, Reilly, Geraghty, McGovern, Shanahan, McTaggart, Saunders, Seaton, Gwynne, Gibson, Barrett and Faris.[8]
In 1861 the population of the townland was 131, being 69 males and 62 females. There were twenty-five houses in the townland, all were inhabited.[9]
In 1871 the population of the townland was 107, being 48 males and 59 females. There were twenty-three houses in the townland, all were inhabited (page 297 of census).[10]
In 1881 the population of the townland was 115, being 62 males and 53 females. There were nineteen houses in the townland, all were inhabited.[11]
In 1891 the population of the townland was 106, being 57 males and 49 females. There were twenty-one houses in the townland, of which one was uninhabited.[12]
In the 1901 census of Ireland, there are twenty families listed in the townland. [13]
In the 1911 census of Ireland, there are twenty-two families listed in the townland.[14]
In the Dúchas School's Collection at,[15] a story by Mr J. McCabe in 1938 relates a fairytale that occurred in Snugborough. Another Snugborough fairytale in the same collection by Thomas O'Reilly, Church Street, Ballyconnell is also related at[16]. in the same collection at[17] is a description of Snugborough in 1938 by Steven O'Brien.
Snugborough School
In the Dúchas Schools' Collection at [18] is an account of Snugborough Hedge School of the 1800s.
Antiquities
The historic sites in the townland are Hillview House and three medieval ringforts in the southern end of Snugborough, (Site numbers 1111, 1112 & 1113, page 137, Snugborough townland, in “Archaeological Inventory of County Cavan”, Patrick O’Donovan, 1995). In the Dúchas School's Collection at [19] by Mr J. Murray of Snugborough in 1938 relates to one of these forts.