Roy Cimatu

Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP)

Cimatu spent most of his military career in Mindanao. After graduating from the Philippine Military Academy in 1970, he was immediately assigned in Cotabato City as platoon leader and executive officer of the Alpha Company of the 11th Infantry Battalion under the 3rd Infantry Division.^[5]

As Commander of the 4th Infantry Division of the Philippine Army based in Cagayan de Oro from 1999 to 2001, Cimatu led the 2000 Philippine campaign against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front which resulted in the successful capture of most of the 46 camps of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front in Lanao del Sur and Maguindanao.^[4] He earned the moniker "General Pacman" for his efficiency during the "all-out war" launched by President Joseph Estrada versus the MILF rebels.^[5]

In 2001, Cimatu was appointed as the Commanding General of the Armed Forces of the Philippines Southern Command (SOUTHCOM) based in Zamboanga City (now AFP Western Mindanao Command). During his short stint as Southcom chief, he took part in the Balikatan 02-1 military exercises between the Philippines and the United States which took place for the first time in Basilan amid the US-led War on Terror.^[8]

Then-Chief of Staff Cimatu with then-President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on May 2002

In May 2002, President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo appointed Cimatu as the 30th AFP Chief of Staff citing his accomplishments in his 36 years of military service.^[8][4] As the AFP chief, Cimatu crafted and implemented a comprehensive anti-terrorist campaign plan to break the backbone of the Abu Sayyaf and to decimate other terror groups in the country. He spearheaded Operation Endgame in Sulu under Operation Enduring Freedom that eventually led to the killing of Abu Sayyaf leader Abu Sabaya in June 2002.^[5] Cimatu retired on September 10, 2002 and was replaced by Benjamin Defensor Jr. as AFP chief.^[5]

As a former Chief of Staff, Cimatu was accused by former AFP budget officer Col. George Rabusa of receiving send-off money or pabaon when he retired in September 2002.^[4] During the Senate hearing on the 2011 Armed Forces of the Philippines corruption scandal, Rabusa said the retiring AFP chiefs, which also included Diomedio Villanueva and Angelo Reyes, received at least ₱50 million from the pabaon system. The Department of Justice filed plunder charges against Cimatu and other high-ranking AFP officials in June 2011 for allegedly accumulating ill-gotten wealth sourced from the conversion of military funds.^[4] Rodrigo Duterte, then the mayor of Davao City, defended Cimatu from the allegations. In his weekend television program Gikan Sa Masa, Para Sa Masa, Duterte said "I do not believe that General Roy Cimatu has millions."^[9]

An April 2013 decision by the Office of the Ombudsman recommended the dismissal of the plunder charges for lack of evidence.^[4]

His Awards in the Military are:

• - Gawad Mabini
• Luzon Anti Dissidence Campaign Medal
• Visayas Anti-Dissidence Campaign Medal
• Mindanao Anti-dissidence Campaign Medal
• Disaster Relief & Rehabilitation Operation Ribbon
• Military Commendation Medal
• Silver Wing Medal
• Outstanding Achievement Medal
• Long Service Medal
• Anti-Dissidence Campaign Medal
• Distinguished Service Star
• Distinguished Conduct Star
• Bronze Cross Medal
• Military Merit Medal (Philippines)

Special envoy

Upon his retirement from military service, President Arroyo appointed Cimatu as Special Envoy to the Middle East and head of the Middle East Preparedness Team (MEPT) in 2002 that was tasked to look after the safety and welfare of overseas Filipino workers in the Middle East amid the tensions brought by the Iraq War.^[4] He was the chief negotiator for the release of kidnapped Filipinos in Iraq including the truck driver Angelo de la Cruz who was abducted by Iraqi insurgents near the city of Fallujah in 2004.^[10]

As Arroyo's envoy, Cimatu also negotiated for the surrender of 326 AFP officers who joined the Magdalo Group in the Oakwood mutiny in July 2003.^[11] Cimatu served as Special Envoy to the Middle East for President Arroyo until 2010 and for President Benigno Aquino III from 2010 to June 30, 2011.^[4][12]

On October 11, 2016, Cimatu was reappointed to the same position as Special Envoy to the Middle East by President Rodrigo Duterte.^[13] As Duterte's special envoy, he was part of the President's delegation during the state visits to Saudi Arabia, Bahrain and Qatar from April 10–16, 2017.^[14]

On April 23, 2017, during the opening ceremony of Palarong Pambansa 2017 in San Jose de Buenavista, Antique, President Duterte introduced Cimatu as a new Cabinet member and announced his appointment as Special Envoy for Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) Refugees who is tasked to assist distressed Filipino workers in the Middle East.^[14]

Department of Environment and Natural Resources

Cimatu assumed the leadership of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources on May 8, 2017 when he was appointed by President Rodrigo Duterte to replace Gina Lopez; his appointment was confirmed on October 4, 2017 by the Commission on Appointments.^[15][16] He is the second retired general to head the department after former AFP chief and defense secretary Angelo Reyes who was President Arroyo's DENR secretary from 2006 to 2007.^[9] As environment secretary, Cimatu said he will be reviewing the mine closures ordered by his predecessor. He said "balancing environmental care and responsible mining can be done," and that he looked forward to meeting Lopez, whom he admires for her passion and love for the environment, in order to "get her insight in protecting the environment." He was then asked what was his experience with environmental conservation, of which he replied, 'Ah, nagtanim na ko ng puno dati' or 'Well, I planted a tree before.'^[15]

Several critics including from the environmental groups as well from the left-leaning groups criticized the appointment of Cimatu as environmental secretary as they explained that Cimatu has no track record on addressing environmental issues while they brought out Cimatu's past issues such as accusations of receiving send-off money upon his retirement from the military while groups such as Anakbayan and the Human rights group Karapatan, condemned the appointments of military men with likes of Cimatu and Eduardo Año in several cabinet posts like the Interior and Local Government and Environment and Natural Resources as a "creeping militarization" which they feared the supposed move given the past abuses committed by the military.^[17][18]

The Nickelodeon Theme Park in Coron, which Lopez blocked, was given the green light by Department of Tourism Wanda Teo after a month of Lopez' rejection by the Commission on Appointments. Cimatu was criticized for being silent about the matter, especially when the case was a major issue for the environment since Coron was a Natural Biotic Area and was in the tentative list for UNESCO World Heritage Sites.^[19][20]

In October, former DENR secretary Gina Lopez campaigned against the possible lifting of the open-pit mining ban, which she installed while DENR secretary. It was revealed that newly appointed DENR Secretary Cimatu supported the lifting of the ban, causing outrage from environmental organizations, especially in the Visayas. The lifting of the ban was also supported by President Duterte, despite backing Lopez's imposition of the ban in early 2017. On October 24, the ban was officially lifted by the Mining Industry Coordinating Council (MICC), a commission which advocated mining in the Philippines. 26 mining agreements that were halted by Lopez were sent by Cimatu to the MICC for evaluation and confirmation as well.^[21][22] These events led to protesters calling Cimatu as the "worst DENR secretary yet."^[23] In February 2018, Duterte criticized Boracay island, one of the top tourist destinations in the country, for having been transformed into a 'cesspool' under Cimatu's term.^[24]