Rangpur (fruit)

Rangpur
Citrus × limonia
Rangpur fruit
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Rutaceae
Genus: Citrus
Species: C. × limonia
Binomial name
Citrus × limonia

Rangpur, Citrus × limonia or Citrus reticulata x medica, sometimes called the rangpur lime, mandarin lime or lemandarin, is a hybrid between the mandarin orange and the citron.

It is a citrus fruit with a very acidic taste and an orange peel and flesh.

Vernacular names

Common names for this fruit include rangpur, named after Rangpur, Bangladesh, an area known for this and other citrus fruits. This is where the word originated in the Bengali language. The rangpur is also known in India as Sylhet lime, surkh nimboo, sharbati,[1] and gandhraj (meaning 'king of fragrance'). It is known as a canton-lemon in South China, a hime-lemon in Japan, as limão-capeta, limão-cravo, limão-rosa or limão-galego in Brazil, and mandarin-lime in the United States.

History

Citrus × limonia was introduced into Florida in the late nineteenth century by Reasoner Brothers of Oneco, who obtained seed from northwestern India.[1] Though often described as a lemon hybrid, genomic analysis has shown it to be an F1 hybrid of a female citron (Citrus medica) and a male mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata).[2][3]

Uses

Rangpurs are highly acidic and can be used as a substitute for commercial limes. However the name lime in connection with this fruit is misleading, because there are very few similarities between the rangpur and other fruits called limes.

In 2006, Diageo introduced a rangpur-flavored version of Tanqueray gin, known simply as Tanqueray Rangpur.

Cultivation

Citrus × limonia is cultivated as an ornamental tree for planting in gardens and a container plant on patios and terraces in the United States. Outside the U.S. it is used principally as a citrus rootstock, except Costa Rica where it is also grown commercially and is preferred over lime and lemon.[1]

References

  1. 1 2 3 U.C. Riverside Citrus Profile: Rangpur - Citrus × limonia
  2. ↑ Curk, Franck; Ollitrault, Frédérique; Garcia-Lor, Andres; Luro, François; Navarro, Luis; Ollitrault, Patrick (2016). "Phylogenetic origin of limes and lemons revealed by cytoplasmic and nuclear markers". Annals of Botany. 11: 565–583. doi:10.1093/aob/mcw005. PMC 4817432.
  3. ↑ Wu, Guohong Albert; Terol, Javier; Ibanez, Victoria; López-García, Antonio; Pérez-Román, Estela; Borredá, Carles; Domingo, Concha; Tadeo, Francisco R; Carbonell-Caballero, Jose; Alonso, Roberto; Curk, Franck; Du, Dongliang; Ollitrault, Patrick; Roose, Mikeal L. Roose; Dopazo, Joaquin; Gmitter Jr, Frederick G.; Rokhsar, Daniel; Talon, Manuel (2018). "Genomics of the origin and evolution of Citrus". Nature. 554: 311–316. doi:10.1038/nature25447. and Supplement
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