Raja Ali Haji

Raja Ali Haji
راج علي حاج
Born Raja Ali Haji bin Raja Haji Ahmad
1808
Selangor, British Malaya (now Malaysia)
Died 1873
Penyengat Island, Riau Islands, Riau-Lingga Sultanate
Occupation Poet, Historian
Language Malay

Raja Ali Haji bin Raja Haji Ahmad (1808–1873) was a 19th-century Buginese–Malay historian, poet and scholar.[1] He was elevated to the status of National Hero of Indonesia in 2004.

Early life

Raja Ali Haji was born in Selangor (although some sources stated that he was born in Penyengat)[2] in 1808 or 1809,[3] and was the son of Raja Ahmad, who was titled Engku Haji Tua after accomplishing the pilgrimage to Mecca. He was the grandson of Raja Ali Haji Fisabilillah (the brother of Raja Lumu, the first Sultan of Selangor).[4] Fisabilillah was a scion of the royal house of Riau, who were descended from Bugis warriors who came to the region in the 18th century.[5] His mother, Encik Hamidah binti Malik was a cousin of her father and also of Bugis descent.[6] Raji Ali Haji soon relocated to Penyengat as an infant, where he grew up and received his education there.[7]

Raja Ali Haji's tomb on Penyengat Island.

Death

Most sources stated that Raja Ali Haji died in 1872 at Penyengat Island[2] in Riau, but the date of his death was being debated as scattered evidences surfaced to oppose this claim. Among the best-known evidences was a letter written in 1872 when Raja Ali Haji wrote a letter to Herman Von De Wall, a Dutch cultural expert, who later died at Tanjung Pinang in 1873.[8]

Ancestry

Notable works

Poems

Books

Other writings

  • 1857: Bustan al-Kathibin
  • 1850s: Kitab Pengetahuan Bahasa (uncompleted)
  • 1857: Intizam Waza'if al-Malik
  • 1857: Thamarat al-Mahammah[1]

Notes

  1. 1 2 Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing (1999), pg 23-24
  2. 1 2 Mengenal Pahlawan Indonesia, Ajisaka, pg 219
  3. ↑ The Precious Gift: Tuhfat Al-nafis (1982), pg 5
  4. ↑ The Making of Modern Malaya: A History from Earliest Times to the Present (1963), pg 69
  5. ↑ The Precious Gift: Tuhfat Al-nafis (1982), pg 277
  6. ↑ The World's Religions (1988), pg 42
  7. ↑ Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (1994), pg 29
  8. ↑ Contesting Malayness: Malay Identity Across Boundaries (2004), pg 128

References

  • Contesting Malayness: Malay Identity Across Boundaries, by Timothy P. Barnard, NUS Press, 2004, ISBN 9971-69-279-1
  • Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, by Kelly Boyd, published by Taylor & Francis, 1999, ISBN 1-884964-33-8
  • Mengenal Pahlawan Indonesia, by Arya Ajisaka, published by Kawan Pustaka, ISBN 979-757-278-1
  • Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, by Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland Malaysian Branch, 1994
  • The Making of Modern Malaya: A History from Earliest Times to the Present, by N. J. Ryan, published by Oxford University Press, 1963
  • The Precious Gift: Tuhfat Al-nafis, by Ali al-Haji Riau, Virginia Matheson Hooker, Virginia Matheson, Barbara Watson Andaya, Oxford University Press, 1982, ISBN 0-19-582507-1
  • The World's Religions, by Stewart R. Sutherland, published by G.K. Hall, 1988, ISBN 0-8161-8978-1
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