Prabuty

Prabuty
Cathedral in Prabuty

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Coat of arms
Prabuty
Coordinates: 53°45′21″N 19°11′51″E / 53.75583°N 19.19750°E / 53.75583; 19.19750Coordinates: 53°45′21″N 19°11′51″E / 53.75583°N 19.19750°E / 53.75583; 19.19750
Country  Poland
Voivodeship Pomeranian
County Kwidzyn
Gmina Prabuty
Town rights 1330
Government
 • Mayor Bogdan Józef Pawłowski
Area
 • Total 7.92 km2 (3.06 sq mi)
Elevation 90 m (300 ft)
Population (2006)
 • Total 8,488
 • Density 1,100/km2 (2,800/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code 82–550
Area code(s) +48 55
Car plates GKW
Website http://www.prabuty.pl

Prabuty [praˈbutɨ] (German: Riesenburg) is a town in Kwidzyn County within the Pomeranian Voivodeship of northern Poland. Between 1975 and 1998, Prabuty were part of the Elbląg Voivodeship.

Geographical location

Prabuty is located approximately 18 kilometers east of Kwidzyn, 100 kilometers southeast of Gdańsk, 100 kilometers west of Olsztyn, and 133 kilometers southwest of Kaliningrad.

Prabuty is a rail junction on the Warszawa–Gdynia railway.

History

In 1236, the Teutonic Knights under Henry III, Margrave of Meissen, destroyed an Old Prussian fortress between the lakes Sorgensee[1] (jez. Dzierzgon) and Liwieniec. The town was first mentioned in 1250 as Riesenburg. The village grew around the castle and received Culm law city rights on 30 October 1330[2] from bishop Rudolf of Pomesania (1322–1332).

In 1451, the town council joined the Prussian Confederation that opposed the Teutonic Order, but bishop Kaspar Linke expelled the councilors and confiscated their property. After the Battle of Chojnice, in which Polish forces were defeated, the town sided with the Order again.

After the Thirteen Years' War and the Second Peace of Thorn (1466), the town became part of Ducal Prussia, although Pomesanian bishops retained their rule over the area. In 1556, a synod was held in the town.

Riesenburg suffered during the 17th century Polish-Swedish wars. In 1628, half of it was burnt down, and in 1688 the remainder was burned.[3] In 1722, fire caused destruction once again.[3]

In 1701, as part of Ducal Prussia, the town became a part of the Kingdom of Prussia and part of the newly created province of West Prussia in 1772. In 1871, the town became part of the German Empire in the framework of the Prussian-led unification of Germany. Until 1919, Riesenburg belonged to the administrative district of Regierungsbezirk Marienwerder in the Province of West Prussia.

After World War I, a referendum was held concerning the future nationality of the town, which remained part of Weimar Germany. From 1920 to 1939, Riesenburg belonged to the administrative district of Regierungsbezirk Westpreußen in the Province of East Prussia and from 1939 until 1945 to the district of Regierungsbezirk Marienwerder in the province of Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia.

The town was captured by the Soviet Red Army in 1945 during World War II. It then became part of Poland. Most of the native East-Prussian inhabitants were expelled and resettled by Poles from regions east of the Curzon Line, in particular from the former Polish Kresy Wschodnie.

Heinz Heydrich (1905–44), brother of Reinhard Heydrich, is buried in a soldier cemetery Riesenburg, according to the Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt).

Number of inhabitants by year

Year Number
17771,797
17821,878
18312,722
18753,542
18803,718
18904,586
19005,032
19054,826
19255,340
19336,116
19398,093
20068,488

[3][4][5][6]

Notable residents

  • Peter I, Grand Duke of Oldenburg (1755–1829)
  • Adolf Treichel (1869–1926), German politician, President of the Volkstag (Free City of Danzig)
  • Ernst Kuss (1886–1956), German politician
  • Charlotte Wolff (1897–1986), German-British scientist
  • Heino Falcke (born 1929), German Protestant theologian
  • Hartwig Reimann (born 1938), German politician
  • Karl Friedrich Masuhr (born 1939), German author
  • Harald Dzubilla (born 1944), German journalist

References

  1. ↑ ostpreussen.net Geschichte von Prabuty – Riesenburg
  2. ↑ "History of Prabuty".
  3. 1 2 3 Johann Friedrich Goldbeck: Volständige Topographie des Königreichs Preussen. Part II: Topographie von West-Preussen, Marienwerder 1789, p. 6, no 2.
  4. ↑ Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, 6th edition, Vol. 16, Leipzig 1909, pp. 925–926.
  5. ↑ Michael Rademacher: Deutsche Verwaltungsgeschichte Provinz Westpreußen, Kreis Rosenberg (2006).
  6. ↑ August Eduard Preuß: Preußische Landes- und Volkskunde. Königsberg 1835, p. 441.


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