Pedro V of Portugal

Pedro V
Pedro V in full Royal Regalia
King of Portugal and the Algarves
Reign 15 November 1853 – 11 November 1861
Acclamation 16 September 1855
Predecessor Maria II
Successor Luís I
Regent Fernando II (1853–1855)
Prime Ministers
Born (1837-09-16)16 September 1837
Necessidades Palace, Lisbon
Died 11 November 1861(1861-11-11) (aged 24)
Necessidades Palace, Lisbon
Burial Pantheon of the Braganzas
Spouse Princess Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
Full name
Portuguese: Pedro de Alcântara Maria Fernando Miguel Rafael Gonzaga Xavier João António Leopoldo Víctor Francisco de Assis Júlio Amélio de Bragança e Bourbon Saxe-Coburgo-Gotha
House Braganza[1]
Father Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry
Mother Queen Maria II of Portugal
Religion Roman Catholicism
Signature

Dom Pedro V (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpeðɾu]; English: Peter V; 16 September 1837 – 11 November 1861), nicknamed "the Hopeful" (Portuguese: o Esperançoso), was King of Portugal from 1853 to 1861.

Early life and reign

As the eldest son of Queen Maria II and her de jure uxoris co-monarch Ferdinand II, Pedro was a member of the House of Braganza.[1] As heir apparent to the throne he was styled Prince Royal (Portuguese: Príncipe Real), and was also the 19th Duke of Braganza (Duque de Bragança).

Pedro was a conscientious and hard-working monarch who, under the guidance of his father, sought radical modernisation of the Portuguese state and infrastructure. Under his reign, roads, telegraphs, and railways were constructed and improvements in public health advanced. His popularity increased when, during the cholera outbreak of 1853–1856, he visited hospitals handing out gifts and comforting the sick.

Pedro V, along with his brothers Fernando and João and other royal family members, succumbed to typhoid fever or cholera in 1861.

Pedro and his younger brother, Luís I of Portugal; William Barclay, 1843.

Marriage

Pedro married Princess Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, eldest daughter of Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and Princess Josephine of Baden, by proxy in Berlin on 29 April 1858 and then in person in Lisbon on 18 May 1858. It was a happy marriage until Queen Stephanie died a year later from diphtheria.[2] As Pedro and Stephanie's marriage was childless, the Portuguese throne passed to his brother Luís.

Titles, styles and honours

Titles and styles

Royal styles of
King Pedro V of Portugal
Reference style His Most Faithful Majesty
Spoken style Your Most Faithful Majesty
Alternative style Sire

Pedro V's official styling as King of Portugal:
By the Grace of God and by the Constitution of the Monarchy, Pedro V, King of Portugal and the Algarves, of either side of the sea in Africa, Lord of Guinea and of Conquest, Navigation, and Commerce of Ethiopia, South Africa, Arabia, Persia and India, etc.[3]

As heir apparent to the Portuguese crown, Pedro held the following titles:[4]

Honours[5]

Domestic

Foreign

Ancestry

The ancestry of Peter V, comprising five generations:[10]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "While remaining patrilineal dynasts of the duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha according to pp. 88, 116 of the 1944 Almanach de Gotha, Title 1, Chapter 1, Article 5 of the 1838 Portuguese constitution declared, with respect to Ferdinand II of Portugal's issue by his first wife, that 'the Most Serene House of Braganza is the reigning house of Portugal and continues through the Person of the Lady Queen Maria II'. Thus their mutual descendants constitute the Coburg line of the House of Braganza"
  2. ↑ The autopsy proved the queen had died a virgin. The marriage had never been consummated. Mónica, Maria Filomena. Cenas da Vida Portuguesa, Lisboa: Quetzal, 1999.
  3. ↑ Pinto 1883, pp. XV–XVI.
  4. ↑ Castelo Branco e Torres 1838, pp. XXIV–XXV, XXXIV.
  5. ↑ Pinto 1883, p. XVI.
  6. ↑ "A Szent István Rend tagjai" Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine.
  7. ↑ Le livre d'or de l'ordre de Léopold et de la croix de fer, Volume 1 /Ferdinand Veldekens
  8. ↑ "Toison Espagnole (Spanish Fleece) - 19th century" (in French), Chevaliers de la Toison D'or. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  9. ↑ Wm. A. Shaw, The Knights of England, Volume I (London, 1906) page 60
  10. ↑ Pinto 1883, pp. XV–XLVII.

Further reading

  • Castelo Branco e Torres, João Carlos Feo Cardoso de (1838). Resenha das familias titulares do Reino de Portugal: acompanhada das notícias biographicas de alguns individuos das mesmas famílias (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional.
  • Pinto, Albano da Silveira (1883). Resenha das familias titulares e grandes de Portugal (in Portuguese). I. Lisbon: Francisco Arthur da Silva.
Pedro V of Portugal
Cadet branch of the House of Aviz
Born: 16 September 1837 Died: 11 November 1861
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Queen Maria II		 King of Portugal and the Algarves
1853–1861		 Succeeded by
King Luís I
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