Nifuroxazide

Nifuroxazide
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com International Drug Names
Routes of
administration		 Oral
ATC code
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
ECHA InfoCard 100.012.293 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
Formula C12H9N3O5
Molar mass 275.2 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)
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Nifuroxazide (INN) is an oral nitrofuran antibiotic, patented since 1966[1] and used to treat colitis and diarrhoea in humans and non-humans.[2] It is sold under the brand names Ambatrol, Antinal, Bacifurane, Diafuryl(Turkey), Pérabacticel (France), Antinal, Diax (Egypt), Nifrozid, Ercefuryl (Romania, Czech Republic, Russia), Erfuzide (Thailand), Endiex (Slovakia), Enterofuryl (Russia), Nifuroksazyd (Poland), Pentofuryl (Germany), Topron, Enterovid (Latin America), Eskapar (Mexico), Enterocolin (Bolivia), Apazid (Morocco), Nifural (Indonesia) and Septidiaryl. It is sold in capsule form and also as a suspension. A 2016 clinical trial showed Nifuroxazide to be more effective compared to probiotics in treating acute diarrhea in adults.[3]

History

Maurice Claude Ernest Carron patented the drug in the United States in 1966.[1] Subsequent patents issued to Germano Cagliero of Marxer S.p.A describe the use of nifuroxazide as an antibiotic used to treat livestock.[2]

Effectiveness in humans

In 1997, in an Ivory Coast promotional leaflet, GlaxoSmithKline claimed that nifuroxazide (under the brand name "Ambatrol") is an anti-dehydration treatment, "neutralise[s] microbacterials" in diarrhoea, and has "a spectrum which covers most enteropathogenic microbacterials, Shigella, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococci, Klebsiella, Yersinia".[4] The international non-profit organisation Healthy Skepticism, at the time using their former name, Medical Lobby for Appropriate Marketing (MaLAM), disagreed, stating "We have not found any scientific evidence to support these claims."[4] A 2016 clinical trial showed Nifuroxazide to treat diarrhea in an average of 2 days compared to 5 days with probiotics.[3]

Notes

  1. 1 2 USPTO No. 3290213 |http://www.google.com/patents?id=f2dwAAAAEBAJ
  2. 1 2 USPTO No 4093746 |http://www.google.com/patents?vid=USPAT4093746
  3. 1 2 "Open Clinical Trial on Using Nifuroxazide Compared to Probiotics in Treating Acute Diarrhoeas in Adults". PMC 5239654. Missing or empty |url= (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  4. 1 2 "SmithKline Beecham Ambatrol (nifuroxazide)". Healthy Skepticism. June 1997. Archived from the original on 2010-12-21. Retrieved 2010-12-21.


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