Nepenthes lavicola

Nepenthes lavicola
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
Clade:Angiosperms
Clade:Eudicots
Order:Caryophyllales
Family:Nepenthaceae
Genus:Nepenthes
Species: N. lavicola
Binomial name
Nepenthes lavicola
Wistuba & Rischer (1996)[2]
Synonyms

Nepenthes lavicola (/nɪˈpɛnθiːz ˌlævɪˈkoʊlə/; from Latin: lavicola growing upon lava) is a tropical pitcher plant species endemic to the Geureudong Massif of Aceh, northern Sumatra, where it grows at 2000–2600 m above sea level.[5] It is thought to be most closely related to N. singalana and N. spectabilis.

Nepenthes lavicola is notable for its very prominent bracts, which often overarch the flowers and may be up to 7 cm long at the base of female inflorescences.[2] This species is also unusual in that it bears up to two bracts per pedicel or partial peduncle.[2]

Swiss botanist Albert Friedrich Frey-Wyssling mentioned N. lavicola in a 1931 article as an unidentified Nepenthes species.[2][6]

Differences between N. lavicola, N. singalana and N. spectabilis (Wistuba & Rischer, 1996)
CharacterN. lavicolaN. singalanaN. spectabilis
Shape of lower pitchersurceolate to globosebasal part infundibuliform, cylindrical in the upper partovate in the lower part, cylindrical in the upper part
Shape of upper pitchersslender, lower part infundibuliform to ovate then ventricose, slightly hipped in the middle narrowing to the somewhat waisted cylindrical upper partlower half infundibuliform, mostly ventricose in the middle, cylindrical or slightly narrowed towards the mouthinfundibuliform in the lower half, tubulose in the upper half
Colour of pitchersusually dark brownish purple to almost black, peristome yellowish green, sometimes with red stripes, occasionally colour of pitchers yellowish green with blackish spots, innerside of the pitchers pale green, in the lower pitchers red spottedlight green to dark red, violett spotted or notlight green, with numerous longitudinal dark violett - brown stripes and spots
Lidovate-cordatesuborbicular, cordate at the baseorbiculate
Spurup to 0.5 cm in length, branched in case of lower pitchers2-3 mm, slightly flattened, not branched2 cm in length, simple
Spur insertionclose to the lid baseclose to the lid5-10 mm below the lid base
Floral bractsbracts very prominent, usually overarching the flowers, some of the lower ones reaching several cm in lengthmale: filiform bract, female: without bractpedicels bearing filiform bracts
Fruit2-3 times as long as broad, up to 1.8 cm longup to 30 mm longvery slender, 4-5 cm in length

Nepenthes lavicola has no known natural hybrids.[7] No forms or varieties have been described.

References

  1. ↑ Schnell, D.; Catling, P.; Folkerts, G.; Frost, C.; Gardner, R.; et al. (2000). "Nepenthes lavicola". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2000: e.T40113A10314595. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2000.RLTS.T40113A10314595.en. Retrieved 27 March 2017.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Wistuba, A. & H. Rischer 1996. Nepenthes lavicola, a new species of Nepenthaceae from the Aceh Province in the North of Sumatra. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 25(4): 106–111.
  3. ↑ (in Indonesian) Tamin, R. & M. Hotta 1986. Nepenthes di Sumatera: The genus Nepenthes of the Sumatra Island. In: M. Hotta (ed.) Diversity and Dynamics of Plant Life in Sumatra: Forest Ecosystem and Speciation in Wet Tropical Environments. Part 1: Reports and Collection of Papers. Kyoto University, Kyoto. pp. 75–109.
  4. ↑ Jebb, M.H.P. & M.R. Cheek 1997. A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42(1): 1–106.
  5. ↑ McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sumatra and Java. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
  6. ↑ Frey-Wyssling, A. 1931. Over de vegetatie van den Boer ni Telong en omstreken in de Gajolanden (Noord Sumatra). De Tropische Natuur 20: 37–49.
  7. ↑ McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

Further reading

  • Bauer, U., C.J. Clemente, T. Renner & W. Federle 2012. Form follows function: morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plants. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 25(1): 90–102. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02406.x
  • Clarke, C.M. 2001. Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
  • Hernawati & P. Akhriadi 2006. A Field Guide to the Nepenthes of Sumatra. PILI-NGO Movement, Bogor.
  • (in Czech) Koudela, I. 1998. Klíčí nebo neklíčí. Trifid 1998(2): 36–37. (page 2)
  • Meimberg, H., A. Wistuba, P. Dittrich & G. Heubl 2001. Molecular phylogeny of Nepenthaceae based on cladistic analysis of plastid trnK intron sequence data. Plant Biology 3(2): 164–175. doi:10.1055/s-2001-12897
  • (in German) Meimberg, H. 2002. "Molekular-systematische Untersuchungen an den Familien Nepenthaceae und Ancistrocladaceae sowie verwandter Taxa aus der Unterklasse Caryophyllidae s. l." (PDF). Ph.D. thesis, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich.
  • Meimberg, H. & G. Heubl 2006. Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae. Plant Biology 8(6): 831–840. doi:10.1055/s-2006-924676
  • Meimberg, H., S. Thalhammer, A. Brachmann & G. Heubl 2006. Comparative analysis of a translocated copy of the trnK intron in carnivorous family Nepenthaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39(2): 478–490. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.11.023

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