Nepal Communist Party

Nepal Communist Party (NCP)
नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (नेकपा)
Abbreviation NCP
Chairman Khadga Prasad Oli and Pushpa Kamal Dahal (co-chairmen)
General Secretary Bishnu Prasad Paudel
Presidium Secretariat of the Nepal Communist Party (NCP)
Spokesperson Narayan Kaji Shrestha
Parliamentary Party Leader Khadga Prasad Oli[1]
Founded 17 May 2018 (2018-05-17)
Merger of CPN (Maoist Centre) and CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)
Headquarters Perisdada, Koteshwar, Kathmandu, Nepal and Aakirti Marg, Dhumbarahi, Kathmandu, Nepal
Student wing All Nepal National Communist Students Union (अनेराकबियु)
Youth wing Young Communist Force
Labour wing All Nepal Communist Workers Association
Ideology Communism
People's Multiparty Democracy[2]
Marxism–Leninism[2]
Democratic centralism[3]
Secularism[3]
Factions:
Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path
Political position Left-wing
International affiliation International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties
Colors      Red
House of Representatives
174 / 275
National Assembly
42 / 59
Party flag
Website
ncp.org.np

The Nepal Communist Party (NCP) is the ruling political party in Nepal and is the largest communist party in South Asia and third in Asia.[4] It was founded on the 17th of May 2018, from the unification of two leftist parties, Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) and Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre). The unification was completed by the Party Unification Coordination Committee, after 8 months of planning.[5] The two predecessor parties subsequently dissolved, making way for the new united party. The party retains the electoral symbol of the CPN (Unified Marxist-Leninist), the sun.[6][7] The party is the largest political party in the House of Representatives, National Assembly and in six of the seven provincial assemblies. Khadga Prasad Oli, the Prime Minister of Nepal since 15 February 2018, is co-chairman of the party along with Pushpa Kamal Dahal.

History

Background

On 3 October 2017, the two major communist parties, the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) and the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) along with the Naya Shakti Party announced a coalition for the upcoming legislative and provincial election. The three parties also announced plans for unification following the election with the formation of a Unification Coordination Committee.[8][9][10] On 14 October 2017, Naya Shakti Party broke from the alliance citing differences with the two parties.[11] The alliance between the two parties won a majority in the House of Representatives and in six of the seven provincial assemblies.[12][13][14] Following the elections, it was decided that CPN (Unified Marxist-Leninist) would get chief ministers in Province No. 1, Province No. 3, Province No. 4 and Province No. 5 and CPN (Maoist Centre) would get chief ministers in Province No. 6 and Province No. 7.[15] The party also won a two third majority in the National Assembly.[16][17] Following the formation of the Federal Parliament of Nepal, parliamentary party leader of the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist), Khadga Prasad Oli was sworn in as Prime Minister on 15 February 2018.[18][19] The merger of the two parties was initially announced for 22 April 2018, to coincide with the formation of the original Communist Party of Nepal in 1949,[20] but the unification was put on hold citing insufficient time to sort out remaining issues.[21]

Unification

The CPN (Unified Marxist-Leninist) and CPN (Maoist Centre) dissolved their central committees on 17 May 2018 and the new party was formed on the same day. Khadga Prasad Oli and Pushpa Kamal Dahal would serve as joint chairmen of the party until a general convention was held.[5][22][23][24] The party changed its name to Nepal Communist Party (NCP) after the Election Commission of Nepal refused to register the new party as another party called Communist Party of Nepal was already registered the commission.[25][26]

Ideology

Communism in Nepal
Leaders
Current groups
Defunct groups
Related articles

As part of the merger agreement, the party's ideology will consist of Marxism–Leninism and support for a multi-party system in Nepal, while the party itself will remain secular and governed by democratic centralism.

Organization and structure

Central organization

Secretariat

A nine-member Secretariat (also known as High Command) of the party has been created. It includes:

Politburo

A 135 member politburo will be formed after the formation of the standing committee and central committee.[28]

Standing Committee

The 45-member Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau includes 26 members from CPN (UML) and 19 from CPN (Maoist Centre).[29]

Central Committee

The central committee has a total of 441 members, including 241 from Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist), and 200 from Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre).[6]

Lower-level organizations

  • Provincial committees: 151-member committee for each of the seven provinces[29]
  • District committees: 77-member committee for each of the 77 districts [28]
  • Metropolitan committees [28]
  • Sub-metropolitan committees [28]
  • Municipal committees [28]
  • Rural municipal committees [28]
  • Ward committees [28]

Federal government

Pratinidhi Sabha Rastriya Sabha Government Prime Minister/Parliamentary Party Leader
174 / 275
42 / 59
 NCP Khadga Prasad Oli

Presence in various provinces

Province Seats Government Chief Minister/Provincial Party Leader
Province No. 1
66 / 93
 NCP Sher Dhan Rai[30]
Province No. 2
32 / 107
 Opposition Satya Narayan Mandal
Province No. 3
81 / 110
 NCP Dormani Poudel[31]
Gandaki Pradesh
39 / 60
 NCP Prithvi Subba Gurung[32]
Province No. 5
61 / 87
 NCP Shankar Pokhrel[33]
Karnali Pradesh
32 / 40
 NCP Mahendra Bahadur Shahi[34]
Province No. 7
39 / 53
 NCP Trilochan Bhatta[35]

References

  1. ↑ https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/ncp-picks-oli-as-its-parliamentary-party-leader/
  2. 1 2 Bhattarai, Kamal Dev (21 February 2018). "The (Re)Birth of the Nepal Communist Party". The Diplomat. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  3. 1 2 Ghimire, Yubaraj (21 May 2018). "Next Door Nepal: Hope and fear in Kathmandu". The Indian Express. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  4. ↑ http://www.china.org.cn/opinion/2018-05/22/content_51482191.htm
  5. 1 2 rfpl-MH, teleSUR /. "Nepal: Ruling Leftist Parties Merge into Marxist Leninist Party". Retrieved 2018-05-18.
  6. 1 2 "UML and Maoist Centre to form Nepal Communist Party tomorrow". 16 May 2018.
  7. ↑ "Nepal: Left alliance unifies to form single party". www.aninews.in.
  8. ↑ "UML, Maoist Centre, Naya Shakti Party form electoral alliance for polls". The Himalayan Times. 2017-10-03. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  9. ↑ "UML, Maoist Center, Naya Shakti to unify". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  10. ↑ "CPN-UML, Maoist Centre, Naya Shakti announce electoral alliance, agree to unify". Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  11. ↑ "Naya Shakti back to poll symbol 'eye'". Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  12. ↑ "Nepal Left alliance wins majority in parliament, economy main trust – Modern Diplomacy". moderndiplomacy.eu. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  13. ↑ India, Press Trust of; India, Press Trust of (2017-12-14). "Nepal's Left alliance gets majority". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  14. ↑ 徐林. "Left Alliance set to form majority government in Nepal – China.org.cn". www.china.org.cn. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  15. ↑ "UML to get 4 chief ministers, Maoist Centre 2". Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  16. ↑ "Left alliance commands two-thirds majority in NA". Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  17. ↑ "Nepal National Assembly election: Left Alliance gets two third majority | DD News". www.ddinews.gov.in. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  18. ↑ "KP Sharma Oli sworn in as Nepal PM for second time – Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  19. ↑ "KP Sharma Oli appointed Nepal's new prime minister". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  20. ↑ "Left alliance unification proposed for April 22". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  21. ↑ "Unification of UML, Maoist Center will not happen on April 22 | Setopati – Nepal's Digital Newspaper". setopati.net. Retrieved 2018-05-21.
  22. ↑ "Nepal's 2 major parties merge to form Nepal Communist Party – Xinhua | English.news.cn". www.xinhuanet.com. Retrieved 2018-05-22.
  23. ↑ "UML- Maoist Center unification approved, new party to be registered today itself". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-05-22.
  24. ↑ "Nepal's two biggest leftist forces merge into Nepal Communist Party – OnlineKhabar". english.onlinekhabar.com. Retrieved 2018-05-22.
  25. ↑ "Unified party changes name after EC refuses to register as CPN underlined | Setopati – Nepal's Digital Newspaper". setopati.net. Retrieved 2018-06-03.
  26. ↑ "नामबाट अण्डरलाईन हट्यो (नेकपा) थपियो". gorkhapatraonline.com. Retrieved 2018-06-03.
  27. ↑ "एमाले र माओवादी मिलेर बन्यो नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी". Online Khabar. Retrieved 2018-05-18.
  28. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Nepal Communist Party to form lower committees, sister organisations within next three months – OnlineKhabar". english.onlinekhabar.com. Retrieved 2018-05-22.
  29. 1 2 "Nepal Communist Party will have 441-member Central Committee".
  30. ↑ "Sher Dhan Rai appointed Province 1 Chief Minister – The Himalayan Times". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-14. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  31. ↑ "UML PP leader Dor Mani Paudel appointed CM of Province 3". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-11. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  32. ↑ "Prithvi Subba Gurung appointed as Province 4 CM – The Himalayan Times". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-12. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  33. ↑ "Shankar Pokharel appointed Province 5 CM". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-14. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  34. ↑ "Shahi appointed Province 6 CM". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
  35. ↑ "Trilochan Bhatta becomes Province 7 chief minister". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
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