Mishmi Hills

Mishmi Hills
Mishmi Hills
Location of the Mishmi Hills
Mishmi Hills
Mishmi Hills (Tibet)
Highest point
Coordinates 29°6′N 96°22′E / 29.100°N 96.367°E / 29.100; 96.367Coordinates: 29°6′N 96°22′E / 29.100°N 96.367°E / 29.100; 96.367 
Geography
Country India
State Arunachal Pradesh

The Mishmi Hills are located in Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh in India.The Mishmi Hills are located at the northeastern tip of the country, in central Arunachal Pradesh.[1] On the Chinese side, they form the southern parts of Nyingchi Prefecture in the Tibet Autonomous Region.

These hills occur at the junction of Northeastern Himalaya and Indo-Burma ranges. The Himalayan arc takes a sharp turn and meets Indo-Burma ranges. The rocks of eastern lesser Himalaya and the central crystallines appear to be largely attenuated and truncated in Mishmi Hills.[2]

Geography

Geomorphically, the Mishmi Hills are divided into 2 sections – the flood plains of tributaries of Brahmaputra river and the Arunachal Himalayas consisting of snow-capped mountains, lower Himalayan ranges, and Shivalik ranges. The Hills reach heights above 5,000 m (16,000 ft) but have not been properly mapped. This hilly area is characterised by steeply sloping landform, sub-tropical evergreen forest and high rainfall. The central part of the Hills wrap around both sides of the Dibang Valley.[3] The Mishmi Hills are part of Shan-Malaysia plate.[4] In 1950, the Hills were the epicenter of a devastating earthquake.

Administration

In India, the Mishmi Hills were declared as a district after its bifurcation of Sadiya Frontier Tract in 1948. Again in 1951, the plains area were transferred to the administrative jurisdiction of Assam.[5] In 1952, the headquarters was shifted from Sadiya to Tezu. When the North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA) formed in 1954, Mishmi Hills District became Lohit Frontier Division.

In China, the western parts of the Hills fall under the administration of Mêdog County and the eastern parts are administered by Zayü County. Both these counties are part of Nyingchi Prefecture in the Tibet Autonomous Region.

Flora and fauna

The Mishmi Hills experience heavy rainfall with pre-monsoon showers from March. The humidity and rainfall is about 90%. There are about 6000 plant species, 100 mammal species and about 700 bird species. There are also a large number of butterflies and other insects. Temperate conifers, sub-alpine woody shrubs, alpine meadows, bamboos and grasslands are found in this region. Tiger, common leopard, clouded leopard, snow leopard, golden cat, jungle cat, marbled cat and the leopard cat are found. The endangered red panda is seen in the northern reaches and the hoolock gibbon is abundant. One of the most unusual ungulates found here is the Mishmi takin. Serow, musk deer and the Himalayan black bear are also found.[3]

There are about 680 bird species.[3] Some of them are Sclater's monal, Blyth's and Temminck's tragopan, chestnut-breasted partridge, rufous-necked hornbill, pale-capped pigeon, Ward's trogon, dark-sided thrush, green and purple cochoa, rusty-bellied and Gould's shortwing, beautiful nuthatch, rusty-throated and wedge-billed wren babbler, fire-tailed myzornis, at least four parrotbill species, black-headed greenfinch, scarlet finch and grey-headed bullfinch.[6]

Climate

Temperatures ranges from below 5 °C in winter to 38 °C in summer.[7]

References

  1. ↑ Hamlet Bareh (2001). Encyclopaedia of North-East India. Mittal Publications. pp. 182–. ISBN 978-81-7099-788-7. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
  2. ↑ J. R. Kayal (6 June 2008). Microearthquake Seismology and Seismotectonics of South Asia. Springer. pp. 273–. ISBN 978-1-4020-8179-8. Retrieved 28 July 2012.
  3. 1 2 3 "Mishmi Hills, Arunachal Pradesh".
  4. ↑ Abani K. Bhagabati; Bimal Kumar Kar (1999). Survey of Research in Geography on North East India, 1970–1990. Regency Publications. pp. 13–. ISBN 978-81-86030-89-9. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
  5. ↑ Pratap Chandra Swain (1 January 2008). Panchayati Raj. APH Publishing. pp. 66–. ISBN 978-81-313-0379-5. Retrieved 28 July 2012.
  6. ↑ http://www.kolkatabirds.com/mishmi/mishmiclist.htm
  7. ↑ http://www.ecotrailsindia.com/destination.aspx?destination=Mishmi%20Hills
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