Mirza Adeeb

Mirza Adeeb
Mirza Adeeb.png
A portrait of Mirza Adeeb
Native name مرزا ادیب‬ (Urdu)
Born Mirza Dilawer
(1914-04-04)4 April 1914
Lahore, Punjab, British India
(now Pakistan)
Died 31 July 1999(1999-07-31) (aged 85)
Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
Pen name Meerza Adeeb
Occupation Dramatist, short-story writer
Language Punjabi, Urdu
Nationality British Indian
(1914–1947)
Pakistani
(1947–1999)
Citizenship Pakistani
Education B.A. (Hon.)
Alma mater
Period Modern Era (Post-World War II)
Genre Drama, short story
Subject Verisimilitude, Realism and Romanticism
Literary movement Progressive Movement
Romanticist Movement
Notable works ‘Pas-i Pardah’ (1967)
‘Caccā Coṉc’
Notable awards
  • Pride of Performance
    14 August 1981[1]
  • Adamjee Literary Award – Pakistan Writers’ Guild[1]
    31 January 1968 Pas-i Pardah – Drama
  • United Book Prize – Pakistan Writers’ Guild[1]
    2 November 1976 Caccā Coṉc – Short story
Literature portal

Mirza Adeeb, PP, BA (Hon), (Urdu: مرزا ادیب‬‎—Mirzā Adīb; 4 April 1914 — 31 July 1999[1][3][4]), also known as Meerza Adeeb, (میرزا ادیب‬—Mīrzā Adīb),[4] was a Pakistani Urdu writer of drama and short story.[5] His plays and short stories won him six prizes and awards from the Pakistan Writers’ Guild.[1]

Name

Mirza Adeeb’s birth name was Mirza Dilawer,[6][7] but he came to be known in the literary world as Mirza Adeeb. (‘Mirza’ denotes the rank of a high nobleman or Prince,[Note 1] and ‘Adeeb’ means ‘Litterateur’.)

Early life

He was born in 1914, in Lahore, British India to Mirza Basheer Ali.[1] He attended Government Islamia High School, Bhati Gate, Lahore.[2] He got his Bachelor of Arts degree from Islamia College, Lahore. In the beginning, he made poetry his device,[1] but later pursued his interest in playwriting as his métier.[6]

Career

Plays

At first, being influenced from the Rūmānwī Tẹḥrīk, (رومانوی تحریک‬—Urdu for The Romanticist Movement), he wrote romantic prose.[8]

Later, he switched to writing plays about everyday events and incidents taking place in the society; focusing more on social problems and quotidian issues. His later works were pragmatist and verisimilitudinous.[7] He used simple and everyday language in his plays, which enabled them to get a greater audience. Moreover, he had begun writing one-act dramas, which made them easier to broadcast over radio and television.[9] When he affiliated himself with Radio Pakistan, many of his plays were broadcast and they gained popularity in the masses.[10] He is listed as a prominent Urdu playwright of the Modern Era.[9]

Other works

His main works, other than dramas, include stories and biographies.[9] He also wrote critical essays and commentaries on books, besides writing columns in newspapers. He was also influenced by the Taraqqī-Pasasnd Tẹḥrīk (ترقّی-پسند تحریک‬—Urdu for Progressive Movement).[9] Besides, he also discharged his duties as the editor of many magazines, of which the most notable is ‘Adab-e Laṭīf’, (ادبِ لطیف‬—Urdu for ‘Humorous Literature’). He also translated some American stories to Urdu.[9] Furthermore, he wrote numerous stories for children.

Style

Following are the main features of Mirza Adeeb's style of writing:[9]

  • Objectivity: His plays had a strong sense of objectivity in them.
  • Riveting dialogues: The dialogues he chose weresexy

, yet interesting. Each character spoke according to his/her social status and his dramas did not contain artificial, literary dialogues. His dialogues also contained witty repartees and striking replies.

  • Versatility: His story lines include a variety of topics, taken from the prosaic lives on common people.
  • Pragmatism: Rather than focusing on characterisation, as did many of his contemporaries, he focused more on events.
  • Humanitarianism: His plays and stories have a humanitarian and philanthropic outlook.
  • Unnaturalness: At few places, the plot does not seem to be moving on smoothly by itself.
  • Dullness: His dramas did not have the liveliness and vitality found in plays. One of his plays was televised, but it could not gain popularity. For the same reason, on-stage presentation of his plays was unpopular.

Works

  • His selective drama-collections are:
  1. ‘Āⁿsū aur Sitārē’ (آنسو اور ستارے‬, Urdu for ‘Tears and the Stars’),[6]
  2. ‘Lahū aur Qālīn’ (لہو اور قالین‬, Urdu for ‘the Blood and the Carpet’),[6]
  3. ‘Šīšē kī Dīwār’ (شیشے کی دیوار‬, Urdu for ‘the Wall of Glass’),[6][11]
  4. ‘Sutūn’ (ستون‬, Urdu for ‘the Pillar’),[6][12]
  5. ‘Faṣīl-e Šab’ (فصیلِ شب‬, Urdu for ‘Part of the Night’),[1]
  6. ‘Pas-e Pardah’ (پسِ پرده‬, Urdu for ‘Beneath the Veil’, 1967),[1][7]
  7. ‘Xāk Našīn’ (خاک نشین‬, Urdu for ‘the Earth Dwellers’)[8] and
  8. ‘Šīšah Mērē Saŋg’ (شیشہ میرے سنگ‬, Urdu for ‘the Glass With Me’).[6]
  • His selective short-story collections are:[9]
  1. ‘Jaŋgal’ (جنگل‬, Urdu for ‘the Jungle’),
  2. ‘Dīwārēⁿ’ (دیواریں‬, Urdu for ‘the Walls’),
  3. ‘Kambal’ (کمبل‬, Urdu for ‘the Blanket’).
  • His collection of personal biographies is ‘Nāxun kā Qarź (ناخن کا قرض‬, Urdu for ‘the Debt of the Fingernail’).[1]
  • ‘Miṫṫī kā Diyā’ (مٹّی کا دیا‬, Urdu for ‘the Earthen Lamp’) is his autobiography.[1][7][13][14]

Awards

  • Presidential Award for playwriting, 1969[10]
  • Pride of Performance Award for literature in 1981[1]
  • His famous play, Pas-e Pardah (1967), won him the Ādamjī Adabī Ēwārḋ (آدم جی ادبی ایوارڈ‬—Urdu for Adamjee Literary Award)[9] in 1968[1]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The derivation of which word is from Emir (Amīr—Urdu for nobleman) and Zādah—Urdu for son.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Aqeel Abbas Jafari (2010). Pakistan Chronicle (in Urdu) (1st ed.). 94/1, 26th St., Ph. 6, D.H.A., Karachi: Virsa Publications. p. 842. ISBN 9789699454004.
  2. 1 2 Shoaib Ahmed (1 October 2003). "One of the oldest schools in Lahore 'closed'". Daily Times. Retrieved 15 September 2013.
  3. ↑ "Fāt̴imah Bint-e ʿAbdullāh". Urdū (lāzmī), barā-yi jamāʿat dahum. 21, E2, Gulberg III, Lahore: Punjab Textbook Board. 2009. p. 51.
  4. 1 2 "Apnā Apnā Rāg". Sarmāya-eh Urdū (dōm). Islamabad: National Book Foundation. 2011. p. 70.
  5. ↑ "Literary Necrology 2001 (Bibliography)". World Literature Today. 22 March 2002. Retrieved 15 September 2013.  – via HighBeam (subscription required)
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Apnā Apnā Rāg". Ā'īna-eh Urdū (lāzmī). 40, Urdu Bazaar, Lahore: Khalid Book Depot. 2006. p. 124.
  7. 1 2 3 4 "Fāṭimah Bint-e ʿAbdullah". Ā'īna-eh Urdū lāzmī (dōm). 40, Urdu Bazaar, Lahore: Khalid Book Depot. 2006. pp. 173–174.
  8. 1 2 "Apnā Apnā Rāg". Sarmāya-eh Urdū (lāzmī). Kabir St., Urdu Bazaar, Lahore: Ilmi Kitab Khana. 2008. p. 122.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Mirzā Adīb kē Fan par Tabṣirah". Muṣannifīn peh Tabṣirah. Karachi: Adamjee Centre. 2010. pp. 10–11.
  10. 1 2 Mirzā Adīb. Karachi: NCR Institute. 2010. p. 5.
  11. ↑ "Šīšē kī Dīwār by Mirza Adeeb – Urdu Book online". UrduPoint.com. 16 November 2007. Retrieved 12 June 2013.
  12. ↑ Mirza Adeeb. Sutūn. s..n. Retrieved 8 June 2013.
  13. ↑ Mirza Adeeb (1981). Miṫṫī kā Diyā. Retrieved 8 June 2013.
  14. ↑ "Miṫṫī kā Diyā – Mirza Adeeb". 786books.com. Retrieved 12 June 2013.
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