Methyl green

Methyl green
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
Chemical and physical data
Formula C27H35BrClN3·ZnCl2
Molar mass 653.24

Methyl green (CI 42585) is a cationic or positive charged stain, related to Ethyl Green, that has been used for staining DNA since the 19th century.[1] It has been used for staining cell nuclei either as a part of the classical Unna-Pappenheim stain, or as a nuclear counterstain ever since.
In recent years, its fluorescent properties[2] when bound to DNA have positioned it useful for far-red imaging of live cell nuclei.[3] Fluorescent DNA staining is routinely used in cancer prognosis.[4]
Methyl green also emerges as an alternative stain for DNA in agarose gels, fluorometric assays and flow cytometry.[5][6] It has also been shown that it can be used as an exclusion viability stain for cells. Its interaction with DNA has been shown to be non-intercalating, in other words not inserting itself into the DNA, but instead electrostatic with the DNA major groove.[7] It is used in combination with pyronin in the methyl green–pyronin stain which stains and differentiates DNA and RNA.

References

  1. ↑ Carnoy, J.-B. (Chanoine) (1884). La biologie cellulaire, étude comparée de la cellule dans les deux règnes / par le chanoine J.B. Carnoy... Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Sciences et techniques, 8-S-6259: J. Van In. p. 148. Retrieved 3 November 2017.
  2. ↑ "fluorophores.org". www.fluorophores.tugraz.at. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
  3. ↑ Prieto et al. (2014)"A fast, low cost, and highly efficient fluorescent DNA labeling method using methyl green.", Histochemistry and Cell Biology 142(3):335-345
  4. ↑ Klonisch et al., 2010 "Nuclear imaging in three dimensions: A unique tool in cancer research" Annals of Anatomy 195(5):292-301
  5. ↑ Prieto et al. (2014)"A fast, low cost, and highly efficient fluorescent DNA labeling method using methyl green.", Histochemistry and Cell Biology 142(3):335-345
  6. ↑ Prieto et al. (2015)"Application of the DNA-Specific Stain Methyl Green in the Fluorescent Labeling of Embryos", Journal of Visualized Experiments 99:1-8
  7. ↑ Kim & Nordén (1993)"Methyl green. A DNA major-groove binding drug." FEBS Letters 315(1):61-64


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