Mercury(II) iodide

Mercury(II) iodide

Mercury(II) iodide (α form)

Mercury(II) iodide (β form)

β (left) and α (right) forms
Names
IUPAC name
Mercury diiodide
Other names
Mercuric iodide
Red mercury (α form only)
Coccinite
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.028.976
UNII
Properties
HgI2
Molar mass 454.40 g/mol
Appearance orange-red powder
Odor odorless
Density 6.36 g/cm3
Melting point 259 °C (498 °F; 532 K)
Boiling point 350 °C (662 °F; 623 K)
0.006 g/100 mL
Solubility slightly soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, CS2, olive oil, castor oil
−128.6·10−6 cm3/mol
2.455
Structure
Tetrahedral
Pharmacology
D08AK30 (WHO)
Hazards
Very toxic (T+)
Dangerous for the environment (N)
R-phrases (outdated) R26/27/28, R33, R50/53
S-phrases (outdated) (S1/2), S13, S28, S45, S60, S61
NFPA 704
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g., waterHealth code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g., chlorine gasReactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
0
3
0
Flash point Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions
 Mercury(II) fluoride
Mercury(II) chloride
Mercury(II) bromide
Other cations
 Zinc iodide
Cadmium iodide
Related compounds
 Mercury(I) iodide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is ☑Y☒N ?)
Infobox references

Mercury(II) iodide is a chemical compound with the molecular formula HgI2. It is typically produced synthetically but can also be found in nature as the extremely rare mineral coccinite. Unlike the related mercury(II) chloride it is hardly soluble in water (<100 ppm).

Production

Mercury(II) iodide is produced by adding an aqueous solution of potassium iodide to an aqueous solution of mercury(II) chloride with stirring; the precipitate is filtered off, washed and dried at 70 °C.

HgCl2 + 2 KI → HgI2 + KCl

Properties

Mercury(II) iodide displays thermochromism; when heated above 126 °C (400°K) it undergoes a phase transition, from the red alpha crystalline form to a pale yellow beta form. As the sample cools, it gradually reacquires its original colour. It has often used for thermochromism demonstrations.[1] A third orange form is also known; this can be formed by recrystallisation and is also metastable, eventually converting back to the red alpha form.[2] The various forms can exist in a diverse range of crystal structures and as a result mercury(II) iodide possess a surprisingly complex phase diagram.[3]

Uses

Mercury(II) iodide is used for preparation of Nessler's reagent, used for detection of presence of ammonia.

Mercury(II) iodide is a semiconductor material, used in some x-ray and gamma ray detection and imaging devices operating at room temperatures.[4]

In veterinary medicine, mercury(II) iodide is used in blister ointments in exostoses, bursal enlargement, etc.

It can appear as a precipitate in many reactions.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Thermochromism: Mercury(II) Iodide. Jchemed.chem.wisc.edu. Retrieved on 2011-06-02.
  2. ↑ SCHWARZENBACH, D. (1 January 1969). "The crystal structure and one-dimensional disorder of the orange modification of HgI2". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials. 128 (1–6). doi:10.1524/zkri.1969.128.16.97.
  3. ↑ Hostettler, Marc; Schwarzenbach, Dieter (February 2005). "Phase diagrams and structures of HgX2 (X = I, Br, Cl, F)". Comptes Rendus Chimie. 8 (2): 147–156. doi:10.1016/j.crci.2004.06.006.
  4. ↑ Simage, Oy U.S. Patent 6,509,203 Semiconductor imaging device and method for producing same, Issue date: Jan 21, 2003
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.