Marzabotto

Marzabotto
Comune
Comune di Marzabotto
Marzabotto acropolis

Coat of arms
Marzabotto
Location of Marzabotto in Italy
Coordinates: 44°20′20″N 11°12′20″E / 44.33889°N 11.20556°E / 44.33889; 11.20556
Country Italy
Region Emilia-Romagna
Metropolitan city Bologna (BO)
Frazioni see list
Government
 • Mayor Romano Franchi
Area
 • Total 74 km2 (29 sq mi)
Elevation 130 m (430 ft)
Population (30 September 2017)
 • Total 6,826
 • Density 92/km2 (240/sq mi)
Demonym(s) Marzabottesi
Time zone UTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code 52100
Dialing code 051
Patron saint St. Joseph and St. Charles [1]
Saint day March 19
Website Official website

Marzabotto (Medial Mountain Bolognese: Marzabòt) is a small town and comune in Italian region Emilia-Romagna, part of the Metropolitan City of Bologna. It is located 27 kilometres (17 mi) south-southwest of Bologna by rail, and lies in the valley of the Reno. A massacre of inhabitants took place there in World War II.

History

Map of the site.

In and below the grounds of the Villa Aria, close to the city, are the remains of an Etruscan town of the 5th century BC, Kainua, protected on the west by the mountains, on the east and south by the river, which by a change of course has destroyed about half of it.[2][3] The acropolis was just below the villa: here remains of temples were found.

The town lay below the modern high-road and was laid out on a rectangular plan divided by main streets into eight quarters, and these in turn into blocks or insulae.[4] Necropoleis were found on the east and north of the site.[5] The place was partially inhabited later by the Gauls, but was not occupied by the Romans.[6]

Massacre

On September 29, 1944, during the World War II German occupation of Italy, the town was the site of the worst massacre of civilians committed by the Waffen SS in Italy.[7] In reprisal of the local support given to the partisans and the resistance movement, soldiers of the SS-Panzer-Aufklärungsabteilung 16, killed systematically hundreds of civilians in Marzabotto, and in the adjacent Grizzana Morandi and Monzuno. [8] The town was awarded the Gold Medal of Military Valour for this episode.

References

  1. ↑ There are several saints called Charles (Italian: San Carlo). None of their feast days is on March 19, so this may be a local saint. Alternatively, the local church may contain relics of one of the known Saint Charles.
  2. ↑ Pearce, M., R. Peretto, P. Tozzi, DARMC, R. Talbert, S. Gillies, T. Elliott, J. Becker. "Places: 393448 (Marzabotto)". Pleiades. Retrieved March 12, 2016.
  3. ↑ Sybille Haynes (1 September 2005). Etruscan Civilization: A Cultural History. Getty Publications. pp. 188–. ISBN 978-0-89236-600-2.
  4. ↑ Luisa Banti (1973). Etruscan Cities and Their Culture. University of California Press. pp. 9–. ISBN 978-0-520-01910-2.
  5. ↑ Paolo Bernardini; Giovannangelo Camporeale (2004). The Etruscans Outside Etruria. Getty Publications. pp. 182–. ISBN 978-0-89236-767-2.
  6. ↑ The Etruscan town of Marzabotto Archaeological site and National Etruscan Museum "Pompeo Aria" http://www.archeobologna.beniculturali.it/marzabotto/note_en.htm
  7. ↑ Alexander Mikaberidze (25 June 2013). Atrocities, Massacres, and War Crimes: An Encyclopedia [2 Volumes]: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 441–. ISBN 978-1-59884-926-4.
  8. ↑ Nigel Cawthorne (24 July 2012). The Story of the SS. Arcturus Publishing. pp. 142–. ISBN 978-1-84858-947-6.
  •  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Marzabotto". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Marzabotto temples


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