Manikya dynasty

Kingdom of the Tipara
Tipara Rajsya
1280 A.D[1]–1947 A.D
Status title
Capital Kholongma\Khorongma, Chittagong, Belonia, Udaipur, Amarpur, Kalyanpur, Khayerpur, Dharmanagar, Kailashahar, Kamalpur, Agartala
Common languages Kokborok during Fha Dynasty and Bengali as second during mid Manikya Dynasty
Religion Animism during Fha Dynasty and Hinduism during mid Manikya Dynasty
Government Monarchy Government
Historical era Golden era
• Established
1280 A.D[2]
• Disestablished
1947 A.D
Preceded by		Succeeded by
[[Tripur Dynasty]]
[[Fha Dynasty]]
Manikya Dynasty
Government of India
Today part of  India
India
Kingdom of Tipra
Part of History of Tripura
Kings of Tripura
Dhanya Manikya 1463-1515
Dharma Manikya II 1714-1733
Vijay Manikya II 1743-1760
Krishna Manikya 1760-1761
Rajdhar Manikya 1783-1804
Ramgana Manikya 1804-1809
Durga Manikya 1809-1813
Kashi Chandra 1826-1830
Krishna Kishore 1830-1849
Ishan Chandra 1849-1862
Bir Chandra 1862-1896
Radha Kishore 1896-1909
Birendra Kishore 1909-1923
Bir Bikram Kishore 1923–1947
Kirat Bikram Kishore 1947-1949
Kirit Pradyot Deb Barman 1978-till now
Tripura monarchy data
Manikya dynasty (Royal family)
Agartala (Capital of the kingdom)
Ujjayanta Palace (Royal residence)
Neermahal (Royal residence)
Rajmala (Royal chronicle)
Tripura Buranji (Chronicle)

The Manikya dynasty was founded when Ratna Fha (Ratna Manikya) assumed the title in 1280 CE.Before that there was Fha Dynasty from 1200 BCE to 1280 AD and Tripur Dynasty during later Vedic period. Ruler of the Tipara (Tripura) kingdom assumed the title of Manikya when Sultan Mughisuddin Tughril in 1280 A.D defeated Ratna Fha and after his submission he granted Ratna Fha "Manikya" which means a ruler with a precious stone .Their Royal Priest was "Chantai" and Royal God were The trinity and Garia and Ker.

One of the most famous Manikya rulers was Bir Chandra Manikya Bahadur Debbarma, in the 19th century.[3] Bir Bikram Kishore Manikya (r. 1923–1947) died in 1947, and his 14 year old son Kirat Bikram Kishore Manikya Debbarma was designated the 185th king even though he was too young to rule for the transitional period until 15 September 1949, when Tripura acceded to the Union of India. However, under Customary Law he ruled under his Mother, Regent Queen Kanchan Prava Devi. Kirat Bikram Kishore Manikya died in 2006, and his son Pradyot Bikram Kishore Manikya (born 1978) would be the pretender as 186th king, sometimes so considered in Tripuri irredentism.

List of kings

The first king of the Manikya Dynasty is the 145th king in the reckoning of the Rajmala, the Chronicle of the Kings, written in the 14th century. The earlier kings are partly mythological and partly legendary or semi-legendary.[4]

145. Ratna Fha (Ratna Manikya) fl. 1267-1280
146. Pratap Fha-Kotor Manikya fl.1280-1300
147. Mukut Fha-Kotor Manikya (Mukunda) fl. 1300-1327
148. Maha Manikya fl. 1327-1431
149. Dharma Manikya fl. 1431-1462
150. Pratap Manikya II fl. 1462-1477
151. Dhanya Manikya fl.1490-1515
152. Dhwaj Manikya fl.1515-1517
153. Devo Manikya fl. 1520-1523
154. Indra Manikya fl. 1523-1529
155. Vijay Manikya I (1529-1564)
156. Ananta Manikya
157. Udai Manikya
158. Jai Manikya (Loktor Fha)
159. Amar Manikya (1577-1586)
160. Rajdhar Manikya
161. Jashodhar Manikya
162. Kalyan Manikya
163. Gobinda Manikya (fl. 1660s)
164. Chhatra Manikya (Nakhshatra Rai) (fl. 1660s/1670s)
165. Ramdev Manikya
166. Ratna Manikya II
167. Narendra Manikya
168. Mahendra Manikya
169. Dharma Manikya II (1714-1733)
170. Mukunda Manikya
171. Jai Manikya
172. Indra Manikya II
173. Vijay Manikya II
174. Krishna Manikya
175. Rajdhar Manikya
176. Ramgana Manikya
177. Durga Manikya
178. Kashi Chandra Manikya
179. Krishna Kishore Manikya
180. Ishan Chandra Manikya
181. Bir Chandra Manikya
182. Radha Kishore Manikya
183. Birendra Kishore Manikya
184. Bir Bikram Kishore Debbarma (1923 – 1947)
185. Kirit Bikram Kishore Manikya Debbarma (1947-1949), d. in 2006
186. Kirit Pradyot Deb Barman (b. 1977 or 1978) [5]
Manikya Dynasty
Preceded by
Fha Dynasty		 Ruling House of the Kingdom of Tripura
1280–1949		 Monarchy Abolished
See Republic of India (State of Tripura)

According to the royal Tripuri chronicle Rajmala, it is said that the Tripuri king "Amor Manikya" was a Barua/minister of king "Vijay Manikya" and thus became the king of Tripura.[6] Now, the Barua title present in Assam can be traced back to the Chutiya kingdom from where it was later adopted by the Ahoms in the 17th century. As mentioned in the Buranjis of Assam, Manik Chandra Barua was a Chutia minister who fought against Ahoms in the 16th century.[7] The founding Tripuri king Ratna Manik is present as Ratnadhwajpal in Chutia history who has been said to have launched campaigns to the Gauda capital Dhaka which was then ruled by the Sena dynasty in the 13th century. This is exactly the same time the Manikya dynasty was founded in Tripura. So, it is very much possible that the Chutia king Ratna Manik appointed his Barua/minister as the king(Pratap Manik) of a new Manikya dynasty in Tripura. The Tripuris and Chutias are thought to be linked tribes. Researchers like Robert Shafer, George Greirson and Dr. Suniti Chatterjee have all placed the Tripuri and the Chutiya language as belonging to a single family under Kachari languages. The Tripuris are believed by many to have branched out from the Burok Chutia (ruling Chutia clan) and therefore call themselves Borok.

References

  1. ↑ Discussion with Samwel Debbarma a reader as well as Ancient history expert
  2. ↑ Discussion with Samwel Debbarma a reader as well as Ancient history expert
  3. ↑ North East India History at north-east-india.com
  4. ↑ Hill Tippera - History The Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1909, v. 13, p. 118.
  5. ↑ Tripura, The Manikya Dynasty Genealogy, royalark.net.
  6. ↑ "Barua Tripuri".
  7. ↑ P. 142 Deodhai Buranji by Surya Kumar Bhuyan
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