Malwai dialect
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Malwai is a Punjabi dialect spoken in the Malwa region of Punjab. Major Malwai speaking centers are Ferozepur, Fazilka, Faridkot, Muktsar,[note 1] Moga, Bathinda, Barnala, Mansa districts and Jagraon, Raikot and Ludhiana (West) tehsils of Ludhiana district.[note 2] In Pakistan, it is spoken in Bahawalnagar and Vehari districts of Punjab. A big number of Malwai speakers also living in Dabwali, Kalanwali and Rania tehsils of Sirsa and Jakhal, Ratia & Tohana tehsils of Fatehabad districts of Haryana, Sri Ganganagar and Hanumangarh districts of Rajasthan.
Although the characteristic distinction among the various dialects of Punjabi language lies in the speech pattern, the Malwai dialect most notably differs from the other dialects through its distinctive 'ū' (ਊ) sound in all future-tense verb endings.
Standard Punjabi | Malwai Dialect |
---|---|
āegā | āūgā |
āegī | āūgī |
āoge | āūṃge |
pīegā | pīūgā |
pīegī | pīūgī |
pīoge | pīūṃge |
Another notable difference is that where other Punjabi dialects have an 'L' sound, in Malwai many of those words are pronounced with an 'R' (ਰ) or 'ɭ̆' (ਲ਼) instead.
The following peculiarities in vocabulary are also observed:
English | Majhi or Standard Punjabi. | Malwai |
---|---|---|
He will come. | ਉਹ ਆਏਗਾ/ਉਹ ਆਵੇਗਾ। | ਉਹ ਆਊਗਾ। |
I am coming. | ਮੈਂ ਆ ਰਿਹਾ ਹਾਂ/ਮੈਂ ਆਉਂਦਾ ਪਿਆ ਹਾਂ। | ਮੈਂ ਆਈ ਜਾਨਾਂ। |
He is coming. | ਉਹ ਆ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ/ਉਹ ਆਉਂਦਾ ਪਿਆ ਹੈ। | ਉਹ ਆਈ ਜਾਂਦੈ। |
To lift/to pick (up) | ਚੁੱਕਣਾ | ਚੱਕਣਾ |
To uproot/to dig (out) | ਪੁੱਟਣਾ | ਪੱਟਣਾ |
Your | ਤੁਹਾਡਾ | ਥੋਡਾ/ਸੋਡਾ |
(My/your/his/her) own | ਆਪਣਾ | ਆਵਦਾ |
By me/from me | ਮੇਰੇ ਤੋਂ/ਮੇਰੇ ਕੋਲੋਂ | ਮੈਥੋਂ |
By you/from you | ਤੁਹਾਡੇ ਤੋਂ/ਤੁਹਾਡੇ ਕੋਲੋਂ | ਥੋਤੋਂ |
To you | ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ | ਥੋਨੂੰ |
Camel | ਊਠ | ਉੱਠ |
Son | ਪੁੱਤਰ | ਪੁੱਤ |
Friend | ਮਿੱਤਰ | ਮਿੱਤ |
Urine | ਮੂਤਰ | ਮੂਤ |
Dew drop | ਤ੍ਰੇਲ਼ | ਤੇਲ਼ |
Also, in contrast with Majhi dialect, 'ਹ' is not tonal. Exceptions are encountered when 'ਹ' is not followed by a schwa ending or a vowel sound, as in, ਕਹਿਣਾ, ਰਹਿ, ਘਾਹ.
Notes
- ↑ The language spoken in some southern villages of Fazilka, Muktsar and Bahawalnagar districts forms a dialect continuum with Bagri language, which is classified as a dialect of Rajasthani language.
- ↑ The Punjabi spoken in eastern tehsils of Ludhiana district (Ludhiana (East), Payal, Khanna and Samrala) forms a dialect continuum with Pwadhi dialect.