List of vassals prince peerages of Ming dynasty

After Hongwu Emperor of Ming dynasty succeeded the throne, he designated his eldest son, Zhu Biao as crown prince, and enfeoffed his all other sons and a grandnephew as vassals princes. Fiefs of nine of these princes were located at borders of Central and Mongol for defensive. Hongwu Emperor also posthumously bestowed his late patrilineal and matrilineal relatives with princely titles too.

This article shows all princes of Ming dynasty, included non-actual princes (male imperial members and nobles had not title).

Forefathers of House of Zhu

For convenience to shows relationships of these imperial princes and emperors, this text will shows forefathers of Hongwu Emperor and their sons.

Birth nameSpouseTemple namePosthumous nameBirth & death datesIssue
Zhu Zhongba
朱仲八		Madan Chen
陳氏		None? -?Zhu Liu'er
Zhu Shi'er
Zhu Bailiu, Emperor Xuan
Zhu Bailiu
朱百六		Empress Xuan
玄皇后		Dezu
德祖		Xuan
玄		Zhu Siwu
Zhu Sijiu, Emperor
Zhu Sijiu
朱四九		Empress Heng
恆皇后		Yizu
懿祖		Heng
恆		Zhu Chuyi, Emperor Yu
Zhu Chu'er
Zhu Chuwu
Zhu Chushi
Zhu Chuyi
朱初一		Empress Yu
裕皇后		Xizu
熙祖		Yu
裕		Zhu Wuyi, Prince of Shouchun
Zhu Wu'er
A premature died son
Zhu Shizhen, Emperor Chun
Zhu Shizhen
朱世珍
Zhu Wusi
朱五四		Empress Chun
淳皇后		Renzu
仁祖		Chun
淳		1281 - 1344Zhu Xinglong, Prince of Nanchang
(grandfather of Zhu Shouqian)
Zhu Xingsheng, Prince of Xuyi
Zhu Xingzu, Prince of Linhuai
Zhu Fonǚ (朱佛女), Princess Caoguo (曹國公主)
(paternal grandmother of Li Jinglong)
Princess Taiyuan (太原公主)
Hongwu Emperor

Numbers of actual peerages

1st rank princely peerages

[1][2][3]

By Southern Ming

  • By Longwu Emperor: 3 peerage, 2 from line of Prince of Tang, 1 from cadet peerage of line of Prince of Yi
  • By Zhu Yihai: 1 peerage, from cadet peerage of line of Prince of Ning

List of actual princely peerages

By Hongwu Emperor

By Yongle Emperor

By Chenghua Emperor

By Wanli Emperor

Posthumous imperial princes & non-title imperial princes

After Hongwu Emperor enthroned, he had posthumously bestowed his brothers and patrilineal relatives with various 2nd-rank princely titles. Also, some imperial sons who died prematurely were posthumously bestowed with 1st-rank princely titles, but some of them also had not posthumous titles, too. Below shows all of the posthumous princes of the imperial house, include descendants of Zhu Biao & Southern Ming princes, but exclude matrilineal relatives of Hongwu Emperor and other nobles, as they cannot considered as members of the imperial house.

  • Noted: Bold names refers posthumous princes and non-title imperial princes

Line of Hongwu Emperor patrilineal relatives

  • Zhu Zhongba, doesn't have posthumous title.
    • 1st son: Zhu Liu'er (朱六二), doesn't have posthumous title.
    • 2nd son: Zhu Qianshi (朱千十), doesn't have posthumous title.
    • 3rd son: Zhu Bailiu (朱百六), posthumously honoured as "Emperor Dezu Xuan" (德祖玄皇帝).
      • 1st son: Zhu Siwu (朱四五), doesn't have posthumous title.
      • 2nd son: Zhu Sijiu (朱四九), posthumously honoured as "Emperor Yizu Heng" (懿祖恆皇帝).
        • 1st son: Zhu Chuyi (朱初一), posthumously honoured as "Emperor Xizu Yu" (熙祖裕皇帝).
          • 1st son: Zhu Wuyi (朱五一), posthumously bestowed as "Prince of Shouchun" (壽春王).
            • 1st son: Zhu Chongyi (朱重一), posthumously bestowed as "Prince of Huoqiu" (霍丘王).
              • 1st son: Zhu Saige (朱賽哥), posthumously bestowed as "Prince of Gaosha" (高沙王).
              • 2nd son: Zhu Tiege (朱鐵哥), posthumously bestowed as "Prince of Shouchun" (壽春王).
            • 2nd son: Zhu Chong'er (朱重二), posthumously bestowed as "Prince of Baoying" (寶應王).
            • 3rd son: Zhu Chongsan (朱重三), posthumously bestowed as "Prince of Anfeng" (安豐王).
              • 1st son: Zhu Zhuan'er (朱轉兒), posthumously bestowed as "Prince of Liu'an" (六安王).
              • 2nd son: Zhu Ji'er (朱記兒), posthumously bestowed as "Prince of Lai'an" (來安王).
              • 3rd son: Zhu Sao'er (朱臊兒), posthumously bestowed as "Prince of Dumeng" (都蒙王).
              • 4th son: Zhu Run'er (朱潤兒), posthumously bestowed as "Prince of Yingshan" (英山王).
            • 4th son: Zhu Chongsi (朱重四), posthumously bestowed as "Prince of Mengcheng" (蒙城王).
          • 2nd son: Zhu Wu'er (朱五二), doesn't have posthumous title.
          • 3rd son: Unnamed, died prematurely.
          • 4th son: Zhu Shizhen (朱世珍), named Zhu Wusi (朱五四) during his lifetime, posthumously honoured as "Emperor Renzu Chun" (仁祖淳皇帝).
        • 2nd son: Zhu Chu'er (朱初二), doesn't have posthumous title.
        • 3rd son: Zhu Chuwu (朱初五), also name Zhu Xiao (朱孝), doesn't have posthumous title.
        • 4th son: Zhu Chushi (朱初十), doesn't have posthumous title.

Line of Hongwu Emperor's brothers

  • Zhu Shizhen, "Emperor Renzu Chun"
    • 1st son: Zhu Xinglong (朱興隆; died 1344), named Zhu Chongwu (朱重五) during his lifetime. Initially posthumously bestowed as "Prince of Yuzhang" (豫章王), later changed to "Prince of Nanchang" (南昌王)
      • 1st son: Zhu Shengbao (朱聖保), posthumously bestowed as "Prince of Shanyang" (山陽王).
      • 2nd son: Zhu Wenzheng (朱文正; died 1365)
    • 2nd son: Zhu Xingsheng (朱興盛), named Zhu Chongliu (朱重六) during his lifetime. Posthumously bestowed as Prince of Xuyi (盱眙王).
      • Zhu Wang'er (朱旺兒), posthumously bestowed as "Prince of Zhaoxin" (昭信王).
    • 3rd son: Zhu Xingzu (朱興祖), named Zhu Chongqin (朱重七) during his lifetime. Posthumously bestowed as Prince of Linhuai (臨淮王).
    • 4th son: Hongwu Emperor

Line of Ming emperors

  • Hongwu Emperor
    • 1st son: Zhu Biao, Crown Prince Yiwen
      • 1st son: Zhu Xiongying (朱雄英), "Prince Huai of Yu" (虞懷王)
      • 2nd son: Jianwen Emperor
        • 2nd son: Zhu Wengui (朱文圭), "Prince Huai of Run" (潤懷王)
    • 4th son: Yongle Emperor
      • 1st son: Hongxi Emperor
        • 1st son: Xuande Emperor
          • 1st son: Emperor Yingzong
            • 1st son: Chenghua Emperor
              • 1st son: Unnamed
              • 3rd son: Hongzhi Emperor
                • 2nd son: Zhu Houwei (朱厚煒), "Prince Dao of Wei" (蔚悼王)
              • 4th son: Zhu Youyuan
                • 1st son: Zhu Houxi (朱厚熙), Prince Huai of Yue
                • 2nd son: Jiajing Emperor
                  • 3rd son: Longqing Emperor
                    • 2nd son: Zhu Yiling (朱翊鈴), "Comm. Prince of Lantian" (藍田郡王), later changed to "Prince Dao of Jing" (靖悼王)
                    • 3rd son: Wanli Emperor
                      • 1st son: Taichang Emperor
                        • 2nd son: Zhu Youxue (朱由㰒), "Prince Huai of Jian" (簡懷王)
                        • 3rd son: Zhu Youji (朱由楫), "Prince Si of Qi" (齊思王)
                        • 4th son: Zhu Youmo (朱由模), "Prince Hui of Huai" (懷惠王)
                        • 5th son: Chongzhen Emperor
                          • 5th son: Zhu Cixuan (朱慈烜), "Prince Yin of Huai" (懷隱王)
                          • 6th son: Zhu Cican (朱慈燦), "Prince Huai of Dao" (悼懷王)
                          • 7th son: "Prince Liang of Dao" (悼良王)
                        • 6th son: Zhu Youyi (朱由栩), "Prince Huai of Xiang" (湘懷王)
                        • 7th son: Zhu Youshan (朱由橏), "Prince Zhao of Hui" (慧昭王)
                      • 2nd son: Zhu Changxu (朱常漵), "Prince Ai of Bin" (邠哀王)
                      • 4th son: Zhu Changzhi (朱常治), "Prince Huai of Yuan" (沅懷王)
                      • 8th son: Zhu Changpu (朱常溥), "Prince Si of Yong" (永思王)
                  • 5th son: Zhu Zailu (朱載𪉖), "Prince Shang of Ying" (潁殤王)
                  • 6th son: Zhu Zai... (朱載[[[File:Zh 戞斗土.svg|14px]]), "Prince Huai of Qi" (戚懷王)
                  • 7th son: Zhu Zaikui (朱載㙺), "Prince Ai of Ji" (薊哀王)
                  • 8th son: Zhu Zai... (朱載), Prince Si of Jun (均思王)
              • 10th son: Unnamed
            • 3rd son: Zhu Jianshi (朱見湜), no posthumous title
        • 4th son: Zhu Zhanyin (朱瞻垠), "Comm. Prince of Jingle" (靜樂郡王), later changed to "Prince Xian of Qi" (蘄獻王)
      • 4th son: Zhu Gaoxi (朱高爔), no posthumous title
    • 26th son: Zhu Nan (朱楠), no posthumous title

Family trees

Legend:

  •   - Emperors
  •   - Posthumously emperors (non-actual emperors)
  •   - Members who have posthumously title
  •   - Members who have not title
  • – – – - The dashed lines denotes the unknown lineages
  • Titles with bold writing are actual titles.

Forefathers & paternal relatives of Hongwu Emperor

Ming emperors line

Southern Ming emperors line

References

  1. ↑ 《明史》诸王传、诸王世表
  2. ↑ 《明实录》
  3. ↑ 《弇山堂别集》
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