List of nicknames of European royalty and nobility: T–V
T
- Tadhg, King of Connacht of the Three Towers
- Tahg O'Neill, King of Ulster Tahg of the Glens
- Tairrdelbach mac Ruaidri Ua Conchobair the Great [1]
- Tamar of Georgia the King of Kings and Queen of Queens, the Saint
- Tancred of Sicily Tancred of Lecce, Tancredulus [2]
- Teige O'Brien, King of Thomond (d. 1466) am Chomhard
- Teige, King of Desmond, 1391–1440 Teige of the Monastery (na Manistreach)
- Teige, King of Thomond, 1258–1259 Caeluisce
- Teige, King of Thomond, 1459–1460 Teige of the Castle of Chomhaid (an-Chomhaid)
- Theobald I of Blois the Cheat, the Cheater, the Trickster
- Theobald I, Duke of Lorraine the Fair, the Handsome, the Handsome Duke
- Theobald I of Navarre le Faiseur de Chansons, the Chansonnier, the Great, the Posthumous, the Minstrel, the Troubadour [3]
- Theobald II of Champagne the Great
- Theobald II of Navarre the Young
- Theobald II, Duke of Lorraine the Generous, the Liberal, the Magnanimous
- Theobald III of Champagne the Troubadour-Prince [4]
- Theobald V of Blois the Good
- Theobald (d.928), Count of Blois the Old
- Theodore II of Beloozero (13xx–1380) the Old
- Theodore of Smolensk (d.1299) the Black
- Theodoric of Guelders Theodoric of the Veluwe
- Theodoric the Great Dietrich of Berne, Flavius Theodoricus, the Barbarian Champion of Civilization, the Great[5][6]
- Theodoric, Count of Flanders Thierry of Alsace
- Theodoric II, Duke of Lorraine the Brave
- Theodoric III, Count of Montbeliard, 1227–1283 the Great Baron
- Theodoric, Bishop of Verdun, 1047–1088 the Great
- Theodoric of Lorraine, Lord of Autigny (d.1241), son of Ferry I of Lorraine Thierry d'Enfer, the Devil
- Theodosios III the Orthodox, the Reluctant [7][8]
- Theodosius I the Great [9]
- Theodosius II the Lesser, the Younger
- Theodosius III of Abkhazia the Blind, the Sorrowed
- Théophile Corret de la Tour d'Auvergne the First Grenadier of France [10]
- Thibaud, Lord of Montlhery Fille d'Etoupe
- Thibaud of Montmorency the Towhead, the Burlap-Head, Tête d'Étoupe [11]
- Thomas I of Savoy the Beloved of the Commune (Fr. l'Ami des Communes), the Ghibelline [12][13]
- Thomas II of Savoy Thomas of Flanders
- Thomas II Preljubović the Albanian-Slayer
- Thomas, Earl of Norfolk Thomas of Brotherton
- Thomas, 2nd Baron Vaux of Harrowden (d. 1562) the Poet
- Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster Thomas of Lancaster, the Martyr
- Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester
- Thomas-Alexandre Dumas the First Soldier of the World
- Thomas Berkeley, 6th Lord Berkeley the Hopeful [14]
- Thomas Burke the Athlete, son of Ulick na gCeann Burke, 1st Earl of Clanricarde
- Thomas Butler, 3rd Earl of Ormonde Black Tom [15]
- Thomas Butler, 7th Earl of Ormonde the Earl of Wool [16]
- Thomas Butler, 10th Earl of Ormonde the Black Earl [17]
- Thomas Cavendish the Navigator
- Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald the Seawolf [18]
- Thomas de Berkeley the Temporizer, the Observer [19][20]
- Thomas de Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley the Wise [21]
- Thomas de Berkeley, 3rd Baron Berkeley the Rich [21]
- Thomas de Berkeley, 5th Baron Berkeley (1351-1418) the Magnificent
- Thomas de Cantilupe the Saint
- Thomas de Vere, 8th Earl of Oxford the Fighting Earl of Oxford, the Fighting Vere [22]
- Thomas FitzGerald, 2nd Baron of Desmond a Nappagh, an-Apa, Simiacus [23]
- Thomas FitzGerald, 7th Earl of Kildare (d.1478) the Great Earl FitzGerald
- Thomas FitzGerald, 10th Earl of Kildare Silken Thomas (Tomas an tSioda) [24]
- Thomas FitzGerald, 11th Earl of Desmond the Bald, the Victorious [25][26][27]
- Thomas FitzGerald, 18th Knight of Glin the Snub-Nosed [28]
- Thomas FitzGerald, Lord of Decies (1261–1298) Thomas an-Apa, Thomas Simiacus, the Crooked Heir [27][29]
- Thomas fitzJames FitzGerald, 7th Earl of Desmond Thomas of Drogheda [29]
- Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk the Victor of Flodden Field [30][31][32]
- Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel The Collector
- Sir Thomas Neville The Bastard of Fauconberg
- Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hubble-Bubble [33]
- Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford Black Tom Tyrant [34]
- Thomas the Slav the Slav, rival Emperor of Byzantium, 820-823
- Torf-Einarr, Earl of Orkney [35]
- Thorfinn Sigurdsson the Raven Feeder
- Thorgils Skarthi the Hare-Lipped
- Thorkel the Terrible
- Thorkell the Tall Thorkild Høje, Sprakalaeg [36]
- Thorfinn I Einarsson, Earl of Orkney, 963–976 the Skull-Splitter, the Skull-Cleaver
- Thorfinn the Black, the Dane, the Great, the Mighty [37]
- Thori, Thorir, Jarl of More the Silent, son of Ragnvald Eysteinsson
- Thurstan, Viscount of Avranches le Goz [38]
- Thyra, Queen of Denmark the Danes' Hope (Dan. Thyra Danebod) [39][39]
- Tiberios III, Byzantine Emperor Apsimaros, Apsimeros
- Tiberius the Emperor of Capri, the Imperial Machiavelli, the Prince of Hypocrites [40][41][42]
- Titus the Darling of Mankind, the Delight of Mankind, the Love and Delight of Mankind (Lat. Amor et Deliciae Humani Generis) [43][44]
- Torf de Harcourt, Lord of Turgueville the Rich [45]
- Toirdhealbhach Ua Briain the Magnificent [1]
- Trajan the Adoptive Emperor
- Tuathal Teachtmhar the Legitimate [1]
- Turgesius of Norway the Tyrant [1]
- Turlough III, King of Thomond, 1375-1400 the Bald *Turlough IV, King of Thomond, 1444-1459 the Soft, Bog
- Turlough V, King of Thomond, 1496-1498 the Younger
- Turlogh Mor O'Brien, King of Thomond (d.1306) of the Triumphs
- Turlough O'Brien, King of Thomond (d.1528) the Brown
- Turlough Oge, King of Thomond, 1496–1499 Gilla Dubh
- Turgut Reis the Drawn Sword of Islam [46][47]
Regnal name
- Theobald I, Count of Champagne: Theobald III, Count of Blois
- Theobald IV, Count of Blois: Theobald II, Count of Champagne
- Theobald V, Count of Blois;; Theobald III, Count of Champagne
- Theobald IV, Count of Champagne: Theobald I of Navarre
- Theobald VI, Count of Troyes: Theobald I of Navarre
- Theobald V, Count of Champagne: Theobald II of Navarre
- Theobald VII, Count of Troyes: Theobald II of Navarre
U
- Udalrich IX of Bregenz the Elder
- Udalryk Christoph Radziwill the Elephant [48]
- Ugolino della Gherardesca the Cannibal of Pisa [49]
- Uhtred the Bold
- Ulfketel, Thane of East Anglia, 1004–1016 the Bold
- Ulick na gCeann Burke, 1st Earl of Clanricarde Neggan, the Beheader, Ulick of the Heads
- Ulrich I of Württemberg (1241–1265) the Founder, With the Thumb
- Ulrich I, Count of Württemberg Ulrich dall Pollice
- Ulrich II, Count of Pfirt (d.1275) the Brave
- Ulrich III, Duke of Mecklenburg, 1592–1603 Ulrich Nestor
- Ulrich V of Montfort, Count of Montfort-Tettnang (d.1520) the Handsome
- Ulrich V, Count of Württemberg the Well-Loved
- Ulrich of Dillingen (890–973), Bishop of Augsburg the Saint
- Ulrich, Count of Passau (d.1110) the Rich
- Ulrich, Duke of Pomerania-Stettin (1589-1622) the Protector
- Umar ben Muhammad of Badajoz al-Mutawaqil [50]
- Umberto I of Italy the Good, the Good King [51]
- Umberto II of Italy 'the May King
- Uros I, Grand Zupan of Raška, 1113–1140 Biyela
- Us Four:[52]
V
- Vadim I of Novgorod (d.872) the Brave
- Vakhtang I Gorgasali, the Saint, the Wolf-Headed (Fr. Tete de Loup) [53]
- Vakhtang VI of Kartli the Lawgiver, the Scholar
- Valdemar I of Denmark the Great
- Valdemar II of Denmark the Lawgiver, the Law-Mender, the Victor, Valdemar Sejr
- Valdemar II, Duke of Schleswig the Great
- Valdemar III of Denmark den Unge
- Valdemar IV of Denmark Atterdag (Dawn of a New Day, Another Day) [54]
- Valens the Last True Roman
- Valerian the Barracks Emperor, the Emperor of the Army
- Vasili I of Vladimir (1241-1276) the Drunkard
- Vasili I, Prince of Rostov, 1218–1238 the Brave
- Vasili II of Russia the Blind, the Dark [55]
- Vespasian the Darling of Mankind
- Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy the Lion of Susa
- Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia the Faithless Ruler of Savoy [56][57]
- Victor Emmanuel II of Italy the Founding Father, the Gallant King, the Gentleman-King [58][59]
- Victor Emmanuel III of Italy the Victorious King, the Soldier King, the Little Saber
- Victoria of the United Kingdom Mrs. Brown, Mrs. Melbourne, the Famine Queen, the Grandmother of Europe, the Mother of the Empire [60][61]
- Victoria, Princess Royal Empress Frederick
- Vittoria Colonna the First Great Woman Poet in the Italian Language [62]
- Victoria Eugenia of Battenberg la Desdichada, the Jubilee Princess [63]
- Victoire of France Madame Tante
- Vikar King of Norway He was not king of Norway but his kingdom was so large that he was called it in Gesta Danorum
- Vitellius the Sexual Artist Spintria, the Flaterrer [64][65]
- Vlad I Uzurpatorul the Usurper
- Vlad II Dracul the Devil, the Dragon [66]
- Vlad III Dracula Dracula, Vlad Tepes, the Devil's Son, the Impaler, the Impaler Prince, the Son of the Dragon [67][68][69][70]
- Vlad IV Călugărul the Monk
- Vlad V cel Tânăr the Younger
- Vlad VI Înecatul the Drowned, the Drowned One [71]
- Vladimir I of Kiev der Apostelgleiche, Soleil Clair, the Apostle, the Bright Sun, the Equal to the Apostles, the Fair Sun, the Great, the Great Law-giver, the Red Sun, the Saint [72][73][74][75][76]
- Vladimir II Monomakh Monomakh, the One Who Fights Alone, the Single Combat Man, the Single Combatant
- Vladimir of Novgorod the Nimble
- Vladimir II, Prince of Pereyaslavl, 1170–1187 the Brave
- Vladimir, Prince of Uglich (1353–1410) the Brave [77]
- Vladislav I of Wallachia Vlaicu-Vodă
- Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary, Bene Rex, King Yes, Vladislaus Bene [78][79]
- Volusianus the Barracks Emperor, the Emperor of the Army
- Vseslav of Polotsk, the Magician, the Sorcerer, the Werewolf, the Wizard [80][81][82][83]
- Vsevolod IV of Kiev the Red [82][84]
- Vsevolod the Big Nest [85]
- Vuk Grgurević the Dragon
- Vukashin Mrnjavčević of Serbia
- Vytautas the Great the Great
Notes
- 1 2 3 4 McGough, Hugh. "Irish Kings by Hugh McGough". magoo.com. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Tancred". Nndb.com. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-03-17. Retrieved 2007-03-16.
- ↑ "Blois". Geneajourney.com. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-03-14.
- ↑ "Facts About the Byzantine Emperors". Web2.airmail.net. 2001-09-07. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "DIR Theodosius III". Roman Emperors. 2000-11-25. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Free Online Literature and Study Guides". Bibliomania. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "The Montlhery Castle (Essonne - France)". Montlhery.com. 1914-05-07. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ http://www.savoydelegation-usa.org/biographies_gallery.asp?path=1189%5Fthomas%5Fi%2Ejpg&page=1%5Bpermanent+dead+link%5D
- ↑ "La Maison de Savoie". Sabaudia.org. Archived from the original on April 27, 2012. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Thomas BERKELEY (6º B. Berkeley)". Tudorplace.com.ar. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Thomas BUTLER (10º E. Ormonde)". Tudorplace.com.ar. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "BUTLER". Tudorplace.com.ar. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "The Geraldines: The House of Desmond and the House of Kildare". Libraryireland.com. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20070310230114/http://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/usbiography/biographies/thomascochranedundonald.html. Archived from the original on March 10, 2007. Retrieved March 28, 2007. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ "Thomas "The Observer Or Temporiser" De Berkeley (1170-1243)". Mathematical.com. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "File 9: Ancestors of Paul Bailey MCBRIDE". Homepages.rootsweb.com. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - 1 2 "Vol II File 6: The Paternal Ancestry of Homer Beers James". Homepages.rootsweb.com. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20050816105213/http://www.earlofoxford.com/eo03.htm. Archived from the original on August 16, 2005. Retrieved March 26, 2007. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20050914215913/http://members.aol.com/desmondearls/desmond.htm. Archived from the original on September 14, 2005. Retrieved March 11, 2007. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ "A Compendium of Irish Biography - Letter F". Booksulster.com. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "FITZGERALD of Desmond". Tudorplace.com.ar. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20050828025120/http://members.aol.com/desmondearls/thos12.htm. Archived from the original on August 28, 2005. Retrieved March 11, 2007. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - 1 2 "A Compendium of Irish Biography - Letter D". Booksulster.com. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20060528021347/http://www.askaboutireland.ie/show_narrative_page.do?page_id=1477. Archived from the original on May 28, 2006. Retrieved March 28, 2007. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - 1 2 "The Leading Carson Johnson Site on the Net". carsonjohnson.com. Archived from the original on 2004-12-29. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "The Castle". Arundel Castle. Archived from the original on 2012-12-27. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "The Richard III and Yorkist History Server". R3.org. 1998-03-13. Archived from the original on June 22, 2012. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20070205103824/http://www.pm.gov.uk/output/Page170.asp. Archived from the original on February 5, 2007. Retrieved March 14, 2007. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ David Plant (2007-09-19). "Sir Thomas Wentworth, Earl of Strafford, 1593-1641". British-civil-wars.co.uk. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Torf-Einar and the Blood Eagle". Orkneyjar.com. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-03-13. Retrieved 2007-03-10.
- ↑ "Earl Thorfinn the Mighty". Orkneyjar. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ Cawley, Charles (20 June 2012), Normandy Nobility, Medieval Lands database, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, retrieved July 2012 Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) , - 1 2 "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-02-10. Retrieved 2007-03-10.
- ↑ "An Abridged History Of Rome - Part I - Vii - From Tiberius To Nero". Romeartlover.it. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Peter Paul Rubens. Tiberius and Agrippina - Olga's Gallery". Abcgallery.com. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Free Online Literature and Study Guides". Bibliomania. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Free Online Literature and Study Guides". Bibliomania. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "An Abridged History Of Rome - Part I - Viii - The Flavian Dynasty". Romeartlover.it. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Harcourt". Tudorplace.com.ar. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks04/0400801.txt
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-02-19. Retrieved 2007-03-24.
- ↑ "The Courtly Lives - The Radziwill Dynasty -2". Angelfire.com. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20060427163530/http://www.tuscanjourney.org/tuscan-characters/conte-ugolino/. Archived from the original on April 27, 2006. Retrieved April 4, 2008. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ "3.2 1 Fase de los Reinos Taifas". Personales.ya.com. Archived from the original on April 2, 2012. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ Paolo Forni. "The women of Savoias". Astralis.it. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ Mary Riddell (2002-03-31). "The Queen with a touch of the Hackney Empire | UK news | The Observer". London: Guardian. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20071114191552/http://www.iranica.com/articles/v10f5/v10f504b.html. Archived from the original on November 14, 2007. Retrieved April 4, 2008. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ "Union Of Denmark, Sweden, And Norway". History-world.org. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Vasily II the Dark". Russia.rin.ru. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ http://www.savoydelegation-usa.org/biographies_gallery.asp?path=1675%5Fvictor+amadeus%5Fii%2Ejpg&page=1%5Bpermanent+dead+link%5D
- ↑ "Critical and Historical Essays, Volume 2 - Index and Glossary of Allusions". Worldwideschool.org. Archived from the original on 2003-10-11. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Free Online Literature and Study Guides". Bibliomania. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Herendi Porcelánmanufaktúra Zrt". Herend.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20080317152057/http://www.victorianweb.org/vn/victor6.html. Archived from the original on March 17, 2008. Retrieved April 4, 2008. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ "Queen Victoria: Grandmother of Europe". SparkNotes. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Vittoria Colonna". Faculty.ed.umuc.edu. Archived from the original on 2011-06-11. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ Biography for Queen Victoria Eugenia on IMDb
- ↑ Frey, Albert Romer (1887). Sobriquets and Nicknames. Houghton, Mifflin. pp. 180–.
- ↑ Jona Lendering. "Aulus Vitellius, part 1: Youth and early career". Livius.org. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20071230213013/http://www.xs4all.nl/~kvenjb/madmonarchs/vladdracula/vladdracula_bio.htm. Archived from the original on December 30, 2007. Retrieved April 4, 2008. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20071013200630/http://members.aol.com/johnfranc/drac05.htm. Archived from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved April 4, 2008. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Geringer, Joseph. "Vlad the Impaler — Man More Than Myth — Crime Library on truTV.com". Crimelibrary.com. Archived from the original on 2014-03-10. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Dracula, legend and reality". Library.thinkquest.org. Archived from the original on 2012-10-13. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "revista martor". Martor.memoria.ro. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20070930181413/http://www.worldandi.com/public/1998/march/wright.cfm. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved April 4, 2008. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20071012175944/http://www.orthodoxcanada.net/article.php?id=7. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. Retrieved April 4, 2008. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ "Study Guide - Eurasian Studies 201 Test One". Pandora.cii.wwu.edu. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Vladimir Svyatoslavich the Saint". Russia.rin.ru. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Great Prince Vladimir Equal-to-the-Apostles and baptism of Russians". Fatheralexander.org. 2000-08-15. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ Cawley, Charles (7 December 2010), Russia Rurikid, Medieval Lands database, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, retrieved July 2012 Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) , - ↑ "{title}" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-30. Retrieved 2008-04-04.
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|accessdate=(help) - ↑ Marek, Miroslav (2004-11-25). "Rurikids 2". Genealogy.euweb.cz. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - 1 2 Cawley, Charles (7 December 2010), Russia Rurikid, Medieval Lands database, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, retrieved July 2012 Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) , - ↑ "Kievan Rus Database (Prince: Vseslav Briacheslavich)". Unc.edu. 2009-12-26. Archived from the original on October 7, 2010. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ Marek, Miroslav (2004-03-19). "Rurikids 5". Genealogy.euweb.cz. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "EefyWiki - 16c: The Way of Russia's Elders". Eefy.editme.com. Retrieved July 2012. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help)
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