List of heads of regimes who were later imprisoned
This is a list of heads of regimes who were later imprisoned. There have been several personalities throughout history who went on to be Heads of State, or Heads of Government, like Presidents, Prime Ministers or monarchs of their respective nation states, who became prisoners later. Anyone having become under house arrest or a prisoner of war is also hereby included.
Some of them are:
| Names indexed by surnames | Countries | Date of birth | Official positions | Later imprisonment | Date of death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aisin-Gioro Puyi |  | 1906-02-07 | Emperor (1934–1945), Chief Executive (1932–1934) | 1945 to 1959 (prisoner of war) | 1967-10-17 |
| Alemán, Arnoldo |  | 1946-01-23 | President (1997–2002) | 2002 to present | Living |
| Antonescu, Ion |  | 1882-06-15 | Prime Minister (1940–1944) | 1944 to 1946 | 1946-06-01 (executed by firing squad) |
| Arroyo, Gloria Macapagal |  | 1947-04-05 | President (2001–2010) | 2011 to present (hospital arrest) | Living |
| Ba Maw | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1893-02-08 | Prime Minister (1937–1939) | 1940 to 1942, 1945 to 1946, 1947 | 1977-05-29 |
| Banana, Canaan |  | 1936-03-05 | President (1980–1987) | 1997 to 2001 | 2003-11-10 |
| Bayar, Celal |  | 1883-05-16 | President (1950–1960), Prime Minister (1937–1939) | 1960 to 1964 (death sentence commuted) | 1986-08-22 |
| Ben Bella, Ahmed |  | 1916-12-25 | President (1963–1965) | 1965 to 1980 (house arrest) | 2012-04-11 |
| Bhutto, Benazir |  | 1953-06-21 | Prime Minister (1988–1990, 1993–1996) | 2007-12-27 (assassinated) | |
| Bhutto, Zulfikar Ali | | 1928-01-05 | President (1971–1973), Prime Minister (1973–1977) | 1977 to 1979 | 1979-04-04 (executed by hanging) |
| Bignone, Reynaldo |  | 1928-01-21 | President (de facto, 1982–1983) | 2007-2018 | 2018-03-07 |
| Bokassa, Jean-Bédel |  | 1921-02-22 | Emperor (1976–1979), President (1966–1976) | 1986 to 1993 (death sentence commuted) | 1996-11-03 |
| Bozhilov, Dobri |  | 1884-06-13 | Prime Minister (1943–1944) | 1944 to 1945 | 1945-02-01 (executed) |
| Ceauşescu, Nicolae | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1918-01-26 | President (1967–1989) | 1989 | 1989-12-25 (executed by firing squad) |
| Chaudhry, Mahendra |  | 1942-02-09 | Prime Minister (1999–2000) | 2000 (taken hostage in a coup) | Living |
| Chen Gongbo | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1892 | President (1944–1945) | 1945 to 1946 | 1946 (executed by firing squad) |
| Chen Shui-bian |  | 1950-10-12 | President (2000–2008) | 2008-11-12[1] to 2008-12-13,[2] 2008-12-30[3] to 2015-01-05[4] | Living |
| Chun Doo-hwan |  | 1931-01-18 | President (1980–1988) | 1996 to 1997 (death sentence commuted) | Living |
| Deuba, Sher Bahadur |  | 1946-06-13 | Prime Minister (1995–1997, 2001–2002, 2004–2005) | 2005 to 2006 | Living |
| Dönitz, Karl | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1891-09-16 | President (1945) | 1945 to 1956 | 1980-12-24 |
| Ershad, Hossain Mohammad |  | 1930-01-01 | President (1982–1990) | 1990 to 1997 | Living |
| Estrada, Joseph | | 1937-04-19 | President (1998–2001) | 2001 to 2007 | Living |
| Filov, Bogdan | | 1883-04-09 | Prime Minister (1940–1943) | 1944 to 1945 | 1945-02-02 (executed) |
| Fujimori, Alberto |  | 1938-07-28 | President (1990–2000) | 2005 to 2006 (bailed out in Chile), 2007 to 2017 (pardoned)
Captured and sent to prison Oct. 2018 |
Living |
| Humala, Ollanta | | 1966-07-27 | President (2011–2016) | 2017 to present (serving preventive prison) | Living |
| Toledo, Alejandro | | 1946-03-28 | President (2001–2006) | 2017 to present (international order of capture for preventive prison) | Living |
| Morales-Bermúdez, Francisco | | 1921-10-04 | President (1975–1980) | 2017 to present (sentenced to life, not serving) | Living |
| Galtieri, Leopoldo Fortunato | | 1926-07-15 | President (de facto, 1981–1982) | 1983 to 1991 (pardoned) | 2003-01-12 |
| Gandhi, Indira |  | 1917-11-19 | Prime Minister (1966–1977, 1980–1984) | 1977 | 1984-10-31 |
| González Macchi, Luis Ángel |  | 1947-12-13 | President (1999–2003) | 2006 to present | Living |
| Haile Selassie | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1892-07-23 | Emperor (1930–1974) | 1974 (house arrest) | 1975-08-27 |
| Habré, Hissène |  | 1942-09-13 | Prime Minister (1978–1979), President (1982–1990) | 2005 to 2013 (house arrest), 2013 to Present | Living |
| Honecker, Erich |  | 1912-08-25 | Chairman of the Council of State (1976–1989) | 1992 to 1993 | 1994-05-29 |
| Hoveida, Amir-Abbas | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1919-02-18 | Prime Minister (1965–1977) | 1978 to 1979 | 1979-04-07 (executed by firing squad) |
| Karadžić, Radovan |  | 1945-06-19 | President (1992–1996) | 2016 to present | Living |
| Kaunda, Kenneth |  | 1924-04-28 | President (1964–1991) | 1997 to 1998 | Living |
| Keita, Modibo |  | 1915-06-04 | President (1960–1968) | 1968 to 1977 | 1977-05-16 |
| Koiso, Kuniaki |  | 1880-03-22 | Prime Minister (1944–1945) | 1945 to 1950 | 1950-11-03 |
| Laurel, José P. | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1891-03-09 | President (1943–1945) | 1945 to 1948 | 1959-11-06 |
| Liang Hongzhi |  | 1882 | Chairman (1938–1940) | 1945 to 1946 | 1946-11 (executed by firing squad) |
| Liu Shaoqi |  | 1898-11-24 | President (1959–1968) | 1967 to 1968 (house arrest) | 1969-11-12 |
| Louis XVI of France | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1754-08-23 | King (1774–1792) | 1792 to 1793 | 1793-01-21 (executed by decapitation (guillotine)) |
| Luiz Inacio Lula de Silva |  | 1945-10-27 | President (2003-2011) | 2018 to present (serving) | Living |
| Lumumba, Patrice | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1925-07-02 | Prime Minister (1960) | 1960 to 1961 | 1961-01-17 |
| Ricardo Martinelli |  | 1951-03-11 | President (2009-2014) | 2017 | Living |
| Macías Nguema, Francisco |  | 1924-01-01 | President (1968–1979) | 1979 | 1979-09-29 (executed) |
| Marcos, Ferdinand | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1917-09-11 | President (1965–1986), Prime Minister (1978–1981) | 1988 (indicted) | 1989-09-28 |
| Massemba-Débat, Alphonse |  | 1921 | President (1963–1968), Prime Minister (1963) | 1977 | 1977-03-25 (executed) |
| Menderes, Adnan | | 1899 | Prime Minister (1950–1960) | 1960 to 1961 | 1961-09-17 (executed by hanging) |
| Menem, Carlos | | 1930-07-02 | President (1989–1999) | 2001, June to November (house arrest) | Living |
| Milošević, Slobodan |  | 1941-08-20 | President (1997–2000) | 2001 to 2006 | 2006-03-11 |
| Mussolini, Benito | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1883-07-29 | Prime Minister (1922–1943) | 1945 | 1945-04-28 (executed by firing squad) |
| Nagy, Imre | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1896-06-07 | Prime Minister (1953–1955, 1956) | 1956 to 1958 | 1958-06-16 (executed by hanging) |
| Najibullah, Mohammad | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1947 | President (1987–1992) | 1992 to 1996 (virtual detention) | 1996-09-27 (executed by hanging) |
| Nicholas II of Russia | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1868-05-18[5] | Emperor (1894–1917) | 1917 to 1918 | 1918-07-17[6] (executed) |
| Noriega, Manuel | | 1935-02-11 | Military leader (1983–1989) | 1990 to 2017 | 2017-05-29 |
| Olmert, Ehud |  | 1945-09-30 | Prime Minister (2006–2009) | 2016 to 2017 | Living |
| Park Geun-hye | | 1952-02-02 | President (2013-17) | 2017 to present | Living |
| Lee Myung-bak | | 1941-12-19 | President (2008-13) | 2018 to present | Living |
| Pérez Molina, Otto |  | 1950-12-01 | President (2012–15) | 2015 to present | Living |
| Pétain, Philippe | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1856-04-24 | Head of State (1940–1944) | 1945 to 1951 (death sentence commuted to life imprisonment) | 1951-07-23 |
| Päts, Konstantin |  | 1874-02-23 | Prime Minister in the duties of the State Elder (1934–1937)[7] | 1940 to 1952 (prison), 1952 to 1956 (psychiatry hospital) [8] | 1956-01-18 |
| Pinochet, Augusto |  | 1915-11-25 | President (de facto, 1973–1990) | 1998 to 2006 | 2006-12-10 |
| Pol Pot |  | 1925-05-19 | Prime Minister (1976–1979) | 1997 to 1998 | 1998-04-15 |
| Portillo, Alfonso | | 1951-09-24 | President (2000–2004) | 2011-15 | Living |
| Quisling, Vidkun |  | 1887-07-18 | Minister President (1942–1945) | 1945 | 1945-10-24 (executed by firing squad) |
| Roh Tae-woo | | 1932-12-04 | President (1988–1993) | 1995 to 1998 | Living |
| Risto Ryti |  | 1889-02-03 | President (1940–1944) | 1945 to 1949 | 1956-10-25 |
| Razak, Najib |  | 1953-06-23 | Prime Minister (2009-2018) | 2018 to present | Living |
| Hussein, Saddam | .svg.png){kind=small} | 1937-04-28 | President (1979–2003) | 2003 to 2006 | 2006-12-30 (executed by hanging) |
| Ivo, Sanader |  | 1953-06-08 | Prime Minister (2003–2009) | 2012 to present | Living |
| Sharif, Nawaz | | 1949-12-25 | Prime Minister (1990–1993, 1997–1999) | 1999 to 2000 | Living |
| Shinawatra, Yingluck |  | 1967-06-21 | Prime Minister (2011–2014) | 2014 (house arrest) | Living |
| Sima Chi | China (Western Jin) | 0284 | Emperor (0307 to 0311) | 0311 to 0313 | 0313-03-14 (executed) |
| Sócrates, José |  | 1957-09-06 | Prime Minister (2004-2011) | 2014 | Living |
| Suharto |  | 1921-06-08 | President (1967–1998) | 2000 (house arrest) | 2008-01-27 |
| Sukarno | | 1901-06-06 | President (1945–1967) | 1967-1970 (house arrest) | 1970-06-21 |
| Charles Taylor |  | 1948-01-28 | President (1997-2003) | 2012 | Living |
| Tojo, Hideki | | 1884-12-30 | Prime Minister (1941–1944) | 1945 to 1948 | 1948-12-23 (executed by hanging) |
| Traoré, Moussa | | 1936-09-25 | President (1968–1991) | 1992 to 2002 (death sentence commuted) | Living |
| Tsang, Donald |  | 1944-10-07 | Chief Executive (2005–2012) | 2017 | Living |
| Videla, Jorge Rafael | | 1925-08-21 | President (de facto, 1976–1981) | 1985 to 1990 (pardoned), imprisoned again 2010 to 2013 | 2013-05-17 |
| Viola, Roberto Eduardo | | 1924-10-13 | President (de facto, 1981) | 1983 to 1990 (pardoned) | 1994-09-30 |
| Yanayev, Gennady |  | 1937-08-26 | Acting President (1991) | 1991 to 1994 | 2010-09-24 |
| Zhao Ziyang | | 1919-10-17 | Premier (1983–1987) | 1989 to 2005 (house arrest) | 2005-01-17 |
| Zhu Qizhen | China (Ming dynasty) | 1427-11-29 | Emperor (1435-49, 57-64) | 1449 to 1450 (prisoner of war), 1450 to 1457 (house arrest) | 1464-02-23 |
| Khaleda Zia | Bangladesh | 1945 | Prime Minister (1991-96, 2001-06) | 2018 | Living |
See also
References
- ↑ Formal arrest and detention.
- ↑ Released without bail.
- ↑ Detained again.
- ↑ Paroled for medical reasons.
- ↑ 6 May 1868 in the Julian calendar.
- ↑ 4 July 1918 in the Julian calendar.
- ↑ Was several times the Head of Government and Head of State before and after the regime.
- ↑ Was imprisoned by Soviets during the occupation.
External links
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