List of covered bridges in Oregon

This list of Oregon covered bridges contains 50 historic covered bridges remaining in the U.S. state of Oregon, among the greatest number of any U.S. state.

Most covered bridges in Oregon were built between 1905 and 1925. At its peak, there were an estimated 450 covered bridges, which by 1977, had dwindled to 56.[1]

List

PhotoBridgeCountyLocationBuiltLength (ft)CrossesCoordinatesNotes
Harris BridgeHarrisBentonWren192975Marys River44°34′48″N 123°27′37″W / 44.5800°N 123.4602°W / 44.5800; -123.4602 (Harris Covered Bridge)NRHP
Hayden Covered BridgeHaydenBentonAlsea191891Alsea River44°22′59″N 123°37′51″W / 44.3831°N 123.6307°W / 44.3831; -123.6307 (Hayden Covered Bridge)[2]NRHP
Irish Bend BridgeIrish BendBentonCorvallis195460Oak Creek44°34′00″N 123°18′03″W / 44.566535°N 123.300802°W / 44.566535; -123.300802 (Irish Bend Covered Bridge)NRHP
Sandy Creek BridgeSandy CreekCoosRemote192160Sandy Creek43°00′23″N 123°53′30″W / 43.00637°N 123.89177°W / 43.00637; -123.89177 (Sandy Creek Covered Footbridge)NRHP, footbridge
Rock O' the Range BridgeRock O' the RangeDeschutesBend196342Swalley Canal44°07′20″N 121°17′13″W / 44.12236°N 121.28691°W / 44.12236; -121.28691 (Rock O' the Range Covered Bridge)NRHP, only covered bridge east of the Cascades, some consider it not to be a true covered bridge since it lacks a truss[3] privately owned and maintained covered bridge open to the public[4]
Cavitt Creek Covered BridgeCavitt CreekDouglasPeel194370Little River43°14′39″N 123°01′18″W / 43.24410°N 123.02177°W / 43.24410; -123.02177 (Cavitt Creek Covered Bridge)Raw log upper supports with a portal shape for log truck passage
Horse Creek Covered BridgeHorse CreekDouglasMyrtle Creek1930105Myrtle Creek43°01′24″N 123°17′24″W / 43.02335°N 123.29004°W / 43.02335; -123.29004 (Horse Creek Covered Bridge)Closed in 1968, dismantled 1987 and moved from 44°09′44″N 122°09′18″W / 44.16212°N 122.15508°W / 44.16212; -122.15508 (Horse Creek Covered Bridge (original location)) and reconstructed in 1990, open to foot traffic in city park
Milo Academy BridgeMilo AcademyDouglasMilo1962100South Umpqua River42°56′07″N 123°02′20″W / 42.93521°N 123.03890°W / 42.93521; -123.03890 (Milo Academy Covered Bridge)NRHP, Current steel bridge with a wood housing and metal roof replaces a 1920 wooden truss covered bridge at same location.[5]
Neal Lane Covered BridgeNeal LaneDouglasMyrtle Creek193942South Myrtle Creek43°01′01″N 123°16′28″W / 43.01696°N 123.27452°W / 43.01696; -123.27452 (Neal Lane Covered Bridge)Built for only $1,000. One of the shortest covered bridges in Oregon and the only Oregon covered bridge with a king post truss.[6]
Pass CreekDouglasDrain192561Pass Creek43°39′38″N 123°19′00″W / 43.66064°N 123.31659°W / 43.66064; -123.31659 (Pass Creek Covered Bridge)A covered bridge may date back to 1906 originally at 43°39′37″N 123°18′55″W / 43.66036°N 123.31521°W / 43.66036; -123.31521 (Pass Creek Covered Bridge (original site)), closed 1981 and rebuilt nearby in 1989.[7][8]
Rochester BridgeRochesterDouglas3 miles (5 km) west of Sutherlin193380Calapooya Creek43°24′07″N 123°21′47″W / 43.402062°N 123.363135°W / 43.402062; -123.363135 (Rochester Covered Bridge)[9]Unusual bridge design includes eight side windows with curved tops and portals with flat arched openings.[10]
Antelope Creek Covered BridgeAntelope CreekJacksonEagle Point192258Little Butte Creek42°28′20″N 122°48′01″W / 42.47209°N 122.80022°W / 42.47209; -122.80022 (Antelope Creek Bridge)delisted from NRHP, formerly crossed Antelope Creek[11] relisted on NRHP 2012 after further restoration
Lost Creek BridgeLost CreekJacksonLake Creek191939Lost Creek42°22′49″N 122°34′46″W / 42.380139°N 122.579500°W / 42.380139; -122.579500 (Lost Creek Covered Bridge)NRHP
McKee BridgeMcKeeJacksonRuch1917122Applegate River42°07′33″N 123°04′21″W / 42.12580°N 123.07262°W / 42.12580; -123.07262 (McKee Covered Bridge)[note 1]NRHP; Howe truss, flying buttresses, open daylight windows at roofline, shingle roof; closed to vehicle traffic in 1956 due to structural concern, extensive restoration work in 1965, 1985, and 1989[12]
Wimer BridgeWimerJacksonWimer192785 Evans Creek42°32′18″N 123°08′59″W / 42.53820°N 123.14978°W / 42.53820; -123.14978 (Wimer Covered Bridge)[note 2]Rebuilt in 2008[13] after having collapsed July 6, 2003.[14] Queenpost truss, flying buttresses, open daylight windows at roofline, wood floor.[15] The 1927 Wimer bridge was a replacement for one originally built at the same site in 1892.[14]
Grave Creek Covered BridgeGrave CreekJosephineSunny Valley1920105 Grave Creek42°38′10″N 123°22′39″W / 42.636097°N 123.377638°W / 42.636097; -123.377638 (Grave Creek Covered Bridge)[16]NRHP, Because of proximity to I-5, it is Oregon's most viewed covered bridge; also the only remaining covered bridge in Josephine County.[16]
Belknap BridgeBelknapLaneRainbow1966120McKenzie River44°10′05″N 122°13′42″W / 44.16803°N 122.22836°W / 44.16803; -122.22836 (Belknap Covered Bridge)NRHP, fourth instance (information)
Centennial BridgeCentennialLaneCottage Grove198784Coast Fork Willamette River43°47′51″N 123°03′52″W / 43.79744°N 123.06441°W / 43.79744; -123.06441 (Centennial Covered Bridge)

Constructed from timbers salvaged from the Meadows and Brumbaugh bridges, which were dismantled in 1979;[17] Bicycle and foot traffic

Chambers BridgeChambers RailroadLaneCottage Grove192578Coast Fork Willamette River43°47′22″N 123°04′11″W / 43.78937°N 123.06968°W / 43.78937; -123.06968 (Chambers Covered Bridge)NRHP, no longer in service, Oregon's only remaining covered rail bridge.[18]
Coyote Creek BridgeCoyote CreekLaneCrow192260Coyote Creek43°58′12″N 123°19′08″W / 43.970123°N 123.318983°W / 43.970123; -123.318983 (Coyote Creek Covered Bridge)[19]NRHP
Currin BridgeCurrinLaneCottage Grove1925105Row River43°47′35″N 122°59′47″W / 43.7930389°N 122.9964583°W / 43.7930389; -122.9964583 (Currin Covered Bridge)[20]NRHP
Deadwood Creek BridgeDeadwood CreekLaneSwisshome1932105Deadwood Creek44°08′37″N 123°43′14″W / 44.14358°N 123.72042°W / 44.14358; -123.72042 (Deadwood Creek Covered Bridge)[note 3]NRHP; the floor is banked for turning traffic; renovated in 1986[21]
Dorena Covered BridgeDorenaLaneDorena1949105Row River43°44′15″N 122°53′01″W / 43.737623°N 122.883680°W / 43.737623; -122.883680 (Dorena Covered Bridge)[22]NRHP
Ernest BridgeErnestLaneMarcola193875Mohawk River44°12′05″N 122°50′11″W / 44.201515°N 122.836471°W / 44.201515; -122.836471 (Earnest Covered Bridge)[23]NRHP (misspelled by the USGS as "Earnest Bridge")
Goodpasture BridgeGoodpastureLaneVida1938165McKenzie River44°8′53″N 122°35′15″W / 44.14806°N 122.58750°W / 44.14806; -122.58750 (Goodpasture Covered Bridge)NRHP
Lake Creek BridgeLake Creek (Nelson Mountain)LaneGreenleaf1925105 Lake Creek44°06′16″N 123°40′25″W / 44.104333°N 123.673639°W / 44.104333; -123.673639 (Lake Creek (Nelson Mountain) Covered Bridge)NRHP; also called Nelson Mountain Bridge, rehabilitated 1984 with concrete floor[24]
Lowell BridgeLowellLaneLowell1945165Middle Fork Willamette River43°54′34″N 122°46′46″W / 43.909570°N 122.779515°W / 43.909570; -122.779515 (Lowell Covered Bridge)[25]NRHP, replacement for a bridge built in 1907
Mosby Creek Covered BridgeMosby CreekLaneCottage Grove192090Mosby Creek43°46′41″N 123°00′17″W / 43.77817°N 123.00480°W / 43.77817; -123.00480 (Mosby Creek Covered Bridge)[26]NRHP, rehabilitated 2002[27]
Office BridgeOfficeLaneWestfir1944180North Fork Middle Fork Willamette River43°45′30″N 122°29′45″W / 43.75847°N 122.49571°W / 43.75847; -122.49571 (Office Covered Bridge)NRHP
Parvin BridgeParvin BridgeLaneDexter192175Lost Creek43°53′58.0″N 122°49′22.8″W / 43.899444°N 122.823000°W / 43.899444; -122.823000 (Parvin (Lost Creek) Covered Bridge)[28]NRHP
Pengra BridgePengra BridgeLaneJasper1938120Fall Creek43°57′59″N 122°50′33″W / 43.966515°N 122.842576°W / 43.966515; -122.842576 (Pengra Covered Bridge)[29]NRHP
Stewart BridgeStewartLaneWalden193060Mosby Creek43°45′58″N 122°59′39″W / 43.76601°N 122.99415°W / 43.76601; -122.99415 (Stewart Covered Bridge)[30]NRHP
Unity BridgeUnityLaneLowell193690Fall Creek43°56′42″N 122°46′32″W / 43.945126°N 122.775627°W / 43.945126; -122.775627 (Unity Covered Bridge)[31]NRHP
Wendling BridgeWendlingLaneWendling193860Mill Creek44°11′29″N 122°47′56″W / 44.19133°N 122.79879°W / 44.19133; -122.79879 (Wendling Bridge)[note 4]NRHP
Wildcat Creek BridgeWildcat CreekLaneWalton192575Wildcat Creek44°0′13″N 123°39′9″W / 44.00361°N 123.65250°W / 44.00361; -123.65250 (Wildcat Creek Bridge)NRHP
Chitwood Covered BridgeChitwoodLincolnChitwood192696Yaquina River44°39′15″N 123°49′04″W / 44.65423°N 123.81767°W / 44.65423; -123.81767 (Chitwood Bridge)[note 5]NRHP
Drift Creek Covered Bridge, 2013Drift CreekLincolnRose Lodge1914?66Bear Creek44°59′34″N 123°53′15″W / 44.992888°N 123.887613°W / 44.992888; -123.887613 (Drift Creek Covered Bridge)[32]The bridge housing included flared board-and-batten siding, arched portals, ribbon daylighting and wooden flooring; The bridge has long been closed to vehicular traffic but served pedestrian traffic up until quite recently when the approaches were removed; delisted from the NRHP; by tradition the oldest covered span in Oregon, thought its construction date is unknown. It was the covered bridge closest to the Oregon Coast, only 1.5 miles from the Pacific Ocean.[note 6] It may have been destroyed by a flood and rebuilt in 1933.[33] Lincoln County maintained the bridge as a historical exhibit-in-place since 1965. Because of severe structural problems, the bridge was dismantled and removed from its original location in the fall of 1997. The bridge was reconstructed on private property near Otis.[32]
Fisher SchoolFisher SchoolLincolnFisher191972Five Rivers44°17′30″N 123°50′29″W / 44.29164°N 123.84139°W / 44.29164; -123.84139 (Fisher School (Five Rivers) Covered Bridge)[note 7]NRHP, also known as Five Rivers Covered Bridge[34]
North Fork Yachats River BridgeNorth Fork YachatsLincolnYachats (vicinity)193842North Fork Yachats River44°18′36″N 123°58′11″W / 44.31000°N 123.96972°W / 44.31000; -123.96972 (North Fork Yachats River Covered Bridge)NRHP
Crawfordsville Covered BridgeCrawfordsvilleLinnCrawfordsville1932105Calapooia River44°21′24″N 122°51′39″W / 44.356791°N 122.860919°W / 44.356791; -122.860919 (Crawfordsville Covered Bridge)[35]NRHP, also known as Calapooia River Bridge[35]
Gilkey BridgeGilkeyLinnCrabtree1939120Thomas Creek44°41′16″N 122°54′12″W / 44.68786°N 122.90343°W / 44.68786; -122.90343 (Gilkey Covered Bridge)[36]NRHP, aka Thomas Creek Bridge, Thomas Creek-Gilkey Covered Bridge
Hannah BridgeHannahLinnScio1936105Thomas Creek44°42′43″N 122°43′06″W / 44.712067°N 122.718420°W / 44.712067; -122.718420 (Hannah Covered Bridge)[37]NRHP, Howe truss; also known as Thomas Creek Bridge[37] Named in honor of John Joseph Hannah, an early settler.[38]
Hoffman BridgeHoffmanLinnCrabtree193690Crabtree Creek44°39′12″N 122°53′26″W / 44.653332°N 122.890419°W / 44.653332; -122.890419NRHP, aka Crabtree Creek-Hoffman Covered Bridge
Larwood Covered BridgeLarwoodLinnCrabtree1939105Crabtree Creek44°37′50″N 122°44′27″W / 44.630678°N 122.740921°W / 44.630678; -122.740921 (Larwood Covered Bridge)[39]NRHP; located at the confluence of Roaring River and Crabtree Creek, carries the historical name of the community. The Larwood Bridge is one of three covered bridges across the Crabtree Creek in Linn County. The 105-foot housed Howe truss exhibits the common Linn County design of exposed truss side openings. The bridge is open to vehicular traffic and is adjacent to the Larwood Wayside Park.[39]
Shimanek BridgeShimanekLinnScio1966105Thomas Creek44°42′56″N 122°48′16″W / 44.715673°N 122.804398°W / 44.715673; -122.804398 (Shimanek Covered Bridge)NRHP, aka Thomas Creek-Shimanek Covered Bridge
Short BridgeShortLinnCascadia1945105South Santiam River44°23′30″N 122°30′36″W / 44.391792°N 122.510082°W / 44.391792; -122.510082 (Short Covered Bridge)[40]NRHP; originally named Whiskey Butte Bridge for nearby Whiskey Butte, later renamed for long-term area resident, Gordon Short. Also known as South Fork Santiam River Bridge; Howe truss[40]
Weddle BridgeWeddleLinnSweet Home1937120Ames Creek44°23′41″N 122°43′36″W / 44.394602°N 122.726623°W / 44.394602; -122.726623 (Weddle Covered Bridge)[41]placed in storage in 1987, rebuilt 1990 at the Cascade Forest Resource Center, in Sweet Home; originally located on Kelly County Road over Thomas Creek near Crabtree, possibly at 44°41′16″N 122°54′07″W / 44.68778°N 122.90194°W / 44.68778; -122.90194 (Weddle Covered Bridge (original location))
Gallon House BridgeGallon HouseMarion191784Abiqua Creek45°01′56″N 122°47′53″W / 45.03215°N 122.79814°W / 45.03215; -122.79814 (Gallon House Covered Bridge)NRHP
Jordan BridgeJordanMarion (originally Linn)Stayton1998 (1937)90Salem Power Canal off the North Santiam River44°47′51″N 122°46′01″W / 44.797622°N 122.767033°W / 44.797622; -122.767033 (Jordan Covered Bridge)[42]A housed Howe truss, originally located on Jordan County Road near Lyons. It was moved in 1988 to a city park in Stayton. The Jordan Bridge was one of Linn County's seven distinctive covered bridges with large side openings before its move to Marion County.[43]
Cedar Crossing Covered BridgeCedar CrossingMultnomahPortland198260Johnson Creek45°28′19″N 122°31′26″W / 45.47207°N 122.52381°W / 45.47207; -122.52381 (Cedar Crossing Covered Bridge)Only covered bridge in Multnomah County, Oregon's most populous county
Ritner Creek BridgeRitner CreekPolkPedee192773Ritner Creek44°43′40″N 123°26′31″W / 44.727897°N 123.442048°W / 44.727897; -123.442048 (Ritner Creek Covered Bridge)[44]NRHP, Removed from service in 1976 and was the last covered bridge on a state highway in Oregon.

Preservation efforts

In 2008, The National Historic Covered Bridge Preservation Program, administered by the Federal Highway Administration, awarded grants for rehabilitation of seven covered bridges in Oregon.[45]

2008 National Historic Covered Bridge Preservation Program for Oregon[45]
BridgeGrant
Chambers Railroad Bridge$1,315,370
Chitwood Covered Bridge$1,076,760
N. Fk. Yachats River Covered Bridge$596,704
Gallon House Covered Bridge$51,147
Nelson Mountain Covered Bridge$17,946
Mosby Creek (Layng) Covered Bridge$17,946
Pengra Covered Bridge$17,946
Total$3,093,819

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Adjusted coordinate from "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-06-08. Retrieved 2009-07-26. to center of bridge by Google Maps satellite view
  2. ↑ Adjusted coordinate from "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-09-07. Retrieved 2009-06-10. to center of bridge by Google Maps satellite view
  3. ↑ Adjusted coordinate from "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-06-11. Retrieved 2009-06-10. to center of bridge viewed by Google Maps satellite view
  4. ↑ Coordinate obtained from "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-06-11. Retrieved 2009-06-09. and adjusted to center of bridge per Google satellite image
  5. ↑ Coordinate obtained from "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-06-11. Retrieved 2009-06-09. and adjusted to center of bridge per Google satellite image
  6. ↑ Based on descriptions at http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/HWY/GEOENVIRONMENTAL/historic_bridges_covered1.shtml and http://www.oregon.com/covered_bridges/bridges/bear_creek.cfm, the Drift Creek Covered Bridge was originally located at 44°54′45″N 124°00′16″W / 44.91246°N 124.00453°W
  7. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-06-09. Retrieved 2009-06-09. adjusted to center Google satellite image

References

General references

Specific citations
  1. ↑ "Oregon's Covered Bridges". Oregon.com. Retrieved June 10, 2009.
  2. ↑ "Alsea River (Hayden) Covered Bridge" (PDF). Oregon Department of Transportation. Retrieved 2014-09-26.
  3. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-10-25. Retrieved 2011-08-31.
  4. ↑ "Swalley Canal (Rock O' The Range) Covered Bridge" (PDF). Oregon Department of Transportation. Retrieved 2014-09-26.
  5. ↑ "South Umpqua River (Milo Academy) Covered Bridge" (PDF). Oregon Department of Transportation. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
  6. ↑ "Neal Lane Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  7. ↑ "Pass Creek Covered Bridge" (PDF). Oregon Department of Transportation. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
  8. ↑ "Pass Creek Covered Bridge". State of Oregon. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
  9. ↑ "Rochester Covered Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-20.
  10. ↑ Smith, Dwight A.; Norman, James B.; Dykman, Pieter T. (1989) [1986]. Historic Highway Bridges of Oregon (2nd ed.). Portland: Oregon Historical Society Press. p. 81. ISBN 0-87595-205-4.
  11. ↑ "Antelope Creek Bridge". Waymarking.com. Groundspeak, Inc. Retrieved 2009-05-15.
  12. ↑ "Applegate River (McKee) Covered Bridge". Oregon Covered Bridges. Oregon.com. Archived from the original on 2009-06-08. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
  13. ↑ Huntington, Howard. "Bridge celebration? Wimer's got it covered", Daily Courier, Grants Pass, Oregon, 07 July 2008.
  14. 1 2 Dennis Rasmussen. "Wimer Covered Bridge Collapse Challenges Community". Citizens for Rebuilding the Wimer Covered Bridge. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
  15. ↑ "Evans Creek (Wimer) Covered Bridge". Oregon Covered Bridges. Oregon.com. Archived from the original on 2012-09-07. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
  16. 1 2 "Grave Creek Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  17. ↑ "Centennial Bridge, Cottage Grove, Oregon". Retrieved 2008-10-17.
  18. ↑ "Chambers Covered Bridge". Lane County, Oregon. Archived from the original on 2012-04-01. Retrieved 2013-09-06.
  19. ↑ "Coyote Creek Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  20. ↑ "Currin Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  21. ↑ "Deadwood Creek Covered Bridge". Oregon Covered Bridges. Oregon.com. Archived from the original on 2009-06-11. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
  22. ↑ "Dorena Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  23. ↑ "Earnest Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  24. ↑ "Lake Creek (Nelson Mountain) Covered Bridge" (PDF). Oregon Department of Transportation. Retrieved 2014-12-05.
  25. ↑ "Lowell Covered Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-20.
  26. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-06-11. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
  27. ↑ "Mosby Creek (Layng) Covered Bridge". Oregon Covered Bridges. Oregon.com. Archived from the original on 2009-06-11. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
  28. ↑ "Lost Creek (Parvin) Covered Bridge" (PDF). Oregon Department of Transportation. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
  29. ↑ "Pengra Covered Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-20.
  30. ↑ GNIS feature 1135668 "Stewart Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-09-04. is incorrect, using USGS topomap coordinate
  31. ↑ "Unity Covered Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-20.
  32. 1 2 "Drift Creek Bridge (historical)". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  33. ↑ "Drift Creek Covered Bridge". Lincoln County Public Works. Archived from the original on 2008-08-17. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
  34. ↑ "Five Rivers (Fisher School) Covered Bridge". Oregon Covered Bridges. Oregon.com. Archived from the original on 2009-06-09. Retrieved 2009-06-08.
  35. 1 2 "Crawfordsville Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  36. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-06-11. Retrieved 2009-06-09. and adjusted to center Google Satellite view
  37. 1 2 "Hannah Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  38. ↑ Young, Amalie (July 8, 2001). "The bridges in our own back yard". Eugene Register-Guard. pp. 3H. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  39. 1 2 "Larwood Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  40. 1 2 "Short Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  41. ↑ "Weddle Covered Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-20.
  42. ↑ "Jordan Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  43. ↑ Smith, Dwight A.; Norman, James B.; Dykman, Pieter T. (1989) [1986]. Historic Highway Bridges of Oregon (2nd ed.). Portland: Oregon Historical Society Press. p. 215. ISBN 0-87595-205-4.
  44. ↑ "Ritner Creek Bridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  45. 1 2 "National Historic Covered Bridge Preservation Program". Retrieved 2009-01-28.
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