List of aircraft carriers of the United States Navy

Aircraft carriers are warships that act as airbases for carrier-based aircraft. In the United States Navy, these consist of ships commissioned with hull classification symbols CV (aircraft carrier), CVA (attack aircraft carrier), CVB (large aircraft carrier), CVL (light aircraft carrier), CVN (aircraft carrier (nuclear propulsion)) and CVAN (attack aircraft carrier (nuclear propulsion)). Beginning with the Forrestal-class, (CV-59 to present) all carriers commissioned into service are classified as supercarriers. The United States Navy has also used escort aircraft carriers and airship aircraft carriers. This list does not include various amphibious warfare ships which can operate as carriers.

The first aircraft carrier commissioned into the United States Navy was USS Langley (CV-1) on 20 March 1922. The Langley was a converted Proteus-class collier (originally commissioned as USS Jupiter (AC-3),[1] Langley was soon followed by the Lexington-class, USS Ranger (the first purpose-built carriers in the American fleet), the Yorktown-class, and USS Wasp.[2] These classes made up the entirety of the United States carrier fleet active prior to and during the Second World War.[3]

With World War II looming, two more classes of carriers were commissioned under President Franklin Roosevelt, the Essex-class, which in divided into regular bow and extended bow sub-classes and the Independence-class, which are classified as light aircraft carriers.[4] Between these two classes, 35 ships were created.[5] During this time, the Navy also purchased two training vessels, USS Wolverine and USS Sable.[6][7]

The Cold War led to multiple developments in the United States' carrier fleet, starting with the addition of the Midway-class and the Saipan-class.[8] One more class in the start of the Cold War, the United States-class, was canceled due to the Truman administration's policy of shrinking the United States Navy and in particular, the Navy's air assets. The policy was eventually revised after a public outcry and Congressional hearings sparked by the Revolt of the Admirals.[9]

Later in the Cold War era, the first of the classes dubbed "supercarriers" was born, starting with USS Forrestal (CV-59),[10] followed by the Kitty Hawk-class and single ships Enterprise (CVN-65), the first nuclear powered carrier and John F. Kennedy (CV-67), the last conventionally powered carrier. These were then followed by the Nimitz-class and the post-cold war Gerald R. Ford-class nuclear supercarriers, the only classes that are currently in active-duty service.[11] The ten-ship Nimitz-class is complete, while USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78), the lead ship of her planned ten-ship class, is the only ship active so far, with construction started on two more ships, John F. Kennedy (CVN-79) and Enterprise (CVN-80).[12][13]

List

#[14] Name[14] Image Class Commissioned[2] Decommissioned[2] Service life Status[2] Refs.
CV-1 Langley Langley
(lead ship)		 20 March 1922 27 February 1942 19 years, 11 months and 7 days Scuttled and sunk 65 nm south of Cilacap, Java [15][16][17]
CV-2 Lexington Lexington
(lead ship)		 14 December 1927 8 May 1942 14 years, 4 months and 24 days Sunk in the Battle of the Coral Sea [17][18]
CV-3 Saratoga Lexington 16 November 1927 26 July 1946 18 years, 8 months and 12 days Sunk in Operation Crossroads as a nuclear test target near Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean [17][19]
CV-4 Ranger Ranger
(lead ship)		 4 June 1934 18 October 1946 12 years, 4 months and 14 days Scrapped in 1947 [20]
CV-5 Yorktown Yorktown
(lead ship)		 30 September 1937 7 June 1942 4 years, 8 months and 8 days Sunk in the Battle of Midway [21]
CV-6 Enterprise Yorktown 12 May 1938 17 February 1947 8 years, 9 months and 5 days Scrapped in 1960 [22]
CV-7 Wasp Wasp
(lead ship)		 25 April 1940 15 September 1942 2 years, 4 months and 21 days Sunk during the Guadalcanal campaign [23]
CV-8 Hornet Yorktown 20 October 1941 26 October 1942 1 year and 6 days Sunk in the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands [24][25]
CV-9 Essex Essex
(lead ship)		 31 December 1942 20 June 1969 26 years, 5 months and 20 days Scrapped in 1975 [26]
CV-10 Yorktown Essex 15 April 1943 27 June 1970 27 years, 2 months and 12 days Preserved at the Patriot's Point Naval & Maritime Museum—Mount Pleasant, South Carolina, USA [27]
CV-11 Intrepid Essex 16 August 1943 15 March 1974 30 years, 6 months and 27 days Preserved at the Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum—New York, New York, USA [28]
CV-12 Hornet Essex 20 November 1943 26 May 1970 26 years, 6 months and 6 days Preserved at USS Hornet Museum—Alameda, California, USA [29]
CV-13  Franklin Essex 31 January 1944 17 February 1947 2 years, 11 months and 17 days Scrapped in 1966 [30]
CV-14 Ticonderoga Essex (extended bow) 8 May 1944 1 September 1973 29 years, 3 months and 24 days Scrapped in 1975 [31]
CV-15 Randolph Essex (extended bow) 9 October 1944 13 February 1969 24 years, 4 months and 4 days Scrapped in 1975 [32]
CV-16 Lexington Essex 17 February 1943 8 November 1991 48 years, 8 months and 22 days Preserved at USS Lexington Museum On the Bay— Corpus Christi, Texas, USA [33][34]
CV-17 Bunker Hill Essex 25 May 1943 9 July 1947 4 years, 1 month and 14 days Scrapped in 1973 [35][36][37]
CV-18 Wasp Essex 24 November 1943 1 July 1972 28 years, 7 months and 7 days Scrapped in 1973 [38]
CV-19 Hancock Essex (extended bow) 15 April 1944 30 January 1976 31 years, 9 months and 15 days Scrapped in 1976 [39]
CV-20 Bennington Essex 6 August 1944 15 January 1970 25 years, 5 months and 9 days Scrapped in 1994 [40]
CV-21 Boxer Essex (extended bow) 16 April 1945 1 December 1969 24 years, 7 months and 15 days Scrapped in 1971 [41][42]
CVL-22 Independence Independence
(lead ship)		 14 January 1943 28 August 1946 3 years, 7 months and 14 days Scuttled in 1951 [43]
CVL-23 Princeton Independence 25 February 1943 24 October 1944 1 year, 7 months and 29 days Sunk in the Battle of Leyte Gulf [2]
CVL-24 Belleau Wood Independence 31 March 1943 13 January 1947 3 years, 9 months and 13 days Scrapped in 1960 [2]
CVL-25 Cowpens Independence 28 May 1943 13 January 1947 3 years, 7 months and 16 days Scrapped in 1960 [2]
CVL-26 Monterey Independence 17 June 1943 16 January 1956 12 years, 6 months and 30 days Scrapped in 1971 [2]
CVL-27 Langley Independence 31 August 1943 11 February 1947 3 years, 5 months and 11 days Scrapped in 1964 [2]
CVL-28 Cabot Independence 24 July 1943 21 January 1955 11 years, 5 months and 28 days Scrapped in 2002 [2]
CVL-29 Bataan Independence 17 November 1943 9 April 1954 10 years, 4 months and 23 days Scrapped in 1961 [44]
CVL-30 San Jacinto Independence 15 December 1943 1 March 1947 3 years, 2 months and 14 days Scrapped 1972
CV-31 Bon Homme Richard Essex 26 November 1944 2 July 1971 26 years, 7 months and 6 days Scrapped in 1992 [45]
CV-32 Leyte Essex (extended bow) 11 April 1946 15 May 1959 13 years, 1 month and 4 days Scrapped in 1970
CV-33 Kearsarge Essex (extended bow) 2 May 1946 15 January 1970 23 years, 8 months and 13 days Scrapped in 1974 [46]
CV-34 Oriskany Essex (extended bow) 25 September 1950 20 September 1979 28 years, 11 months and 26 days Scuttled as an artificial reef in the Gulf of Mexico in 2006
CV-35 Reprisal Essex (extended bow) n/a n/a n/a Cancelled during construction.
Scrapped in 1949		 [47]
CV-36 Antietam Essex (extended bow) 28 January 1945 8 May 1963 18 years, 3 months and 10 days Scrapped in 1974 [48]
CV-37 Princeton Essex (extended bow) 18 November 1945 30 January 1970 24 years, 2 months and 12 days Scrapped in 1971
CV-38 Shangri-la Essex (extended bow) 15 September 1944 30 July 1971 26 years, 10 months and 15 days Scrapped in 1988 [49]
CV-39 Lake Champlain Essex (extended bow) 3 July 1945 2 May 1966 20 years, 9 months and 29 days Scrapped in 1972
CV-40 Tarawa Essex (extended bow) 8 December 1945 13 May 1960 14 years, 5 months and 5 days Scrapped in 1968
CVB-41 Midway Midway
(lead ship)		 10 September 1945 11 April 1992 46 years, 7 months and 1 day Preserved at the USS Midway Museum—San Diego, California, USA [50]
CVB-42 Franklin D. Roosevelt Midway 27 October 1945 1 October 1977 31 years, 11 months and 4 days Scrapped in 1978 [51]
CVB-43 Coral Sea Midway 1 October 1947 26 April 1990 42 years, 6 months and 25 days Scrapped in 1993 [52]
CV-44 No name assigned (no image available) Midway n/a n/a n/a Cancelled before construction began. [53]
CV-45 Valley Forge Essex
(extended bow)		 3 November 1946 15 January 1970 23 years, 2 months and 12 days Scrapped in 1971
CV-46 Iwo Jima Essex (extended bow) n/a n/a n/a Cancelled during construction.
Scrapped in 1946		 [54]
CV-47 Philippine Sea Essex (extended bow) 11 May 1946 28 December 1958 12 years, 7 months and 17 days Scrapped in 1971
CVL-48 Saipan Saipan
(lead ship)		 14 July 1946 14 January 1970 23 years and 6 months Scrapped in 1976
CVL-49 Wright Saipan 9 February 1947 15 March 1956 9 years, 1 month and 6 days Scrapped in 1980 [2]
CV-50
to
CV-55		No names were assigned (no images available) Essex These hulls were all cancelled before construction began.[53]
CVB-56
&
CVB-57		No names were assigned (no images available) Midway These hulls were both cancelled before construction began.[53]
CVA-58 United States United States
(lead ship)		 n/a n/a n/a Cancelled during construction. Scrapped [55]
CV-59 Forrestal Forrestal
(lead ship)		 1 October 1955 30 September 1993 37 years, 11 months and 29 days Scrapped in 2014 [56][57]

[58] [59]

CV-60 Saratoga Forrestal 14 April 1956 20 August 1994 38 years, 4 months and 6 days Scrapped in 2015 [60]
CV-61 Ranger Forrestal 10 August 1957 10 July 1993 35 years and 11 months Scrapped in 2017 [61]
CV-62 Independence Forrestal 10 January 1959 30 September 1998 39 years, 8 months and 20 days Sold for scrapping [62]
CV-63 Kitty Hawk Kitty Hawk
(lead ship)		 29 April 1961 12 May 2009 48 years and 13 days Struck, to be scrapped [63]
CV-64 Constellation Kitty Hawk 27 October 1961 7 August 2003 41 years, 9 months and 11 days Scrapped in 2015 [64]
CVN-65 Enterprise Enterprise
(lead ship)		 25 November 1961 3 February 2017 55 years, 2 months and 9 days Partially dismantled, awaiting recycling as of 2017 [65]
CV-66 America Kitty Hawk 23 January 1965 9 August 1996 31 years, 6 months and 17 days Sunk as target in 2005 [66]
CV-67 John F. Kennedy John F. Kennedy
(lead ship)		 7 September 1968 23 March 2007 38 years, 6 months and 16 days On hold for donation [67]
CVN-68 Nimitz Nimitz
(lead ship)		 3 May 1975
—
 43 years, 5 months and 9 days Stationed at Naval Base Kitsap, Bremerton, Washington [68]
CVN-69 Dwight D. Eisenhower Nimitz 18 October 1977
—
 40 years, 11 months and 24 days Stationed at Naval Station Norfolk, Norfolk, Virginia [69]
CVN-70 Carl Vinson Nimitz 13 March 1982
—
 36 years, 6 months and 29 days Stationed at Naval Air Station North Island, San Diego, California [70][71]
CVN-71 Theodore Roosevelt Nimitz 25 October 1986
—
 31 years, 11 months and 17 days Stationed at Naval Air Station North Island, San Diego, California [72]
CVN-72 Abraham Lincoln Nimitz 11 November 1989
—
 28 years, 11 months and 1 day Stationed at Naval Station Norfolk, Norfolk, Virginia [73]
CVN-73 George Washington Nimitz 4 July 1992
—
 26 years, 3 months and 8 days Stationed at Naval Station Norfolk, Norfolk, Virginia [74]
CVN-74 John C. Stennis Nimitz 9 December 1995
—
 22 years, 10 months and 3 days Stationed at Naval Base Kitsap, Bremerton, Washington [75]
CVN-75 Harry S. Truman Nimitz 25 July 1998
—
 20 years, 2 months and 17 days Stationed at Naval Station Norfolk, Norfolk, Virginia [76]
CVN-76 Ronald Reagan Nimitz 12 July 2003
—
 15 years and 3 months Stationed at Yokosuka Naval Base, Yokosuka, Japan [77]
CVN-77 George H.W. Bush Nimitz 10 January 2009
—
 9 years, 9 months and 2 days Stationed at Naval Station Norfolk, Norfolk, Virginia [78]
CVN-78 Gerald R. Ford Gerald R. Ford
(lead ship)		 22 July 2017
—
 1 year, 2 months and 20 days Stationed at Naval Station Norfolk, Norfolk, Virginia [79]
CVN-79 John F. Kennedy Gerald R. Ford ~2020
—
—
 Keel laid; Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, Virginia [12][80]
CVN-80 Enterprise Gerald R. Ford ~2027
—
—
 Steel cutting and fabrication; Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, Virginia [12][81][13]
CVN-81 Unnamed Gerald R. Ford ~2030
—
—
 Ordered [12]
CVN-82 Unnamed Gerald R. Ford ~2034
—
—
 Ordered [12]
Keys
  •    ships currently out of service
  •    ships cancelled prior to completion
  •    ships currently in active service
  •    ships currently under construction
  •    ships currently on order

Training ships

During World War II, the United States Navy purchased two Great Lakes side-wheel paddle steamers and converted them into freshwater aircraft carrier training ships. Both vessels were designated with the hull classification symbol IX (Unclassified Miscellaneous) and lacked hangar decks, elevators or armaments. The role of these ships was for the training of pilots for carrier take-offs and landings.[82] Together the Sable and Wolverine trained 17,820 pilots in 116,000 carrier landings. Of these, 51,000 landings were on Sable.[83]

# Name Image Class Commissioned Decommissioned Service life Status Refs.
IX-64 Wolverine n/a
(converted side-wheel steamer)		 12 August 1942 7 November 1945 3 years, 2 months and 26 days Scrapped in 1947 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States [14][2]
IX-81 Sable n/a
(converted side-wheel steamer)		 8 May 1943 7 November 1945 2 years, 5 months and 30 days Scrapped in 1948 in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada [14][2]

Aircraft-carrier museums

See also

References

  1. ↑ "USS Langley (CV-1 & AV-3)". www.history.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Petty, Dan. "The US Navy Aircraft Carriers". www.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  3. ↑ "World War I Centenary: Aircraft Carriers". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  4. ↑ "Aircraft Carriers in World War II - Engineering and Technology History Wiki". ethw.org. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  5. ↑ Pike, John. "CV-9 ESSEX Class". www.globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  6. ↑ "Western New York Heritage Press". wnyheritagepress.org. Archived from the original on 5 October 2008. Retrieved 22 June 2015.
  7. ↑ Pike, John. "IX-64 Wolverine". www.globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  8. ↑ "CV-41 MIDWAY class - Navy Ships". fas.org. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  9. ↑ Pike, John. "CVA 58 United States". www.globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  10. ↑ "CV-59 FORRESTAL class - Navy Ships". fas.org. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  11. ↑ Petty, Dan. "The US Navy -- Fact File: Aircraft Carriers - CVN". www.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 O'Rourke, Ronald (12 June 2015). "Navy Ford (CVN-78) Class Aircraft Carrier Program: Background and Issues for Congress" (PDF). Congressional Research Service. Retrieved 22 June 2015.
  13. 1 2 "USS Enterprise: Past Present And Future". The Official US Navy Blog. US Navy. Retrieved 1 December 2012.
  14. 1 2 3 4 "USN Aircraft Carriers Throughout History". Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  15. ↑ Kaplan, Phillip (2013). Naval Air: Celebrating a Century of Naval Flying. Pen and Sword. ISBN 978-1-78159-241-0.
  16. ↑ Roscoe, Theodore (1953). United States Destroyer Operations In World War II. Annapolis: United States Naval Academy. ISBN 0-87021-726-7.
  17. 1 2 3 "Board for selling doomed warships". The New York Times. 1922-05-03. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  18. ↑ "NH 61245". www.history.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  19. ↑ Australia, The. "From Hermes To Saratoga - Diving two aircraft carriers within two months - The Scuba Doctor". The Scuba Doctor. Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  20. ↑ "USS Ranger (CV-4) - History, Specs and Pictures - Navy Ships". Retrieved 2015-06-22.
  21. ↑ "USS Yorktown (CV 5)". United States Navy. 11 June 2009. Retrieved 22 June 2015.
  22. ↑ "Specifications and Armament". www.cv6.org. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  23. ↑ "Aircraft Carrier Photo Index: USS WASP (CV-7)". www.navsource.org. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  24. ↑ "CV-8 Brief History - WORLD WAR II - Aircraft Carrier USS Hornet Museum". www.uss-hornet.org. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  25. ↑ "USS Hornet CV-8". www.its.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  26. ↑ "Essex". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  27. ↑ "Yorktown". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  28. ↑ "Intrepid". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  29. ↑ "Hornet". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  30. ↑ "Franklin". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  31. ↑ "Ticonderoga". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  32. ↑ "Randolph". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  33. ↑ "USS Lexington (CV 16)". navysite.de. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  34. ↑ "USS Lexington (CV-16) Deployments & History". www.hullnumber.com. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  35. ↑ "Bunker Hill I (CV-17)". www.history.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-08-06.
  36. ↑ "Aircraft Carrier USS Bunker Hill (CV-17)". Retrieved 2015-08-06.
  37. ↑ "Aircraft Carrier Photo Index: USS BUNKER HILL (CV-17)". www.navsource.org. Retrieved 2015-08-06.
  38. ↑ "Wasp". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  39. ↑ "Hancock". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  40. ↑ "Bennington". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  41. ↑ "USS BOXER (CV-21) Deployments & History". www.hullnumber.com. Retrieved 2015-08-06.
  42. ↑ "USS Boxer (CV 21)". www.navysite.de. Retrieved 2015-08-06.
  43. ↑ "Welcome Aboard The USS Independence CVL-22 Official Site". www.cvl-22.com. Retrieved 2015-08-06.
  44. ↑ "USS Bataan (CVL-29)". United States Navy. 12 June 2009. Retrieved 22 June 2015.
  45. ↑ "Bon Homme Richard". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  46. ↑ "Kearsarge". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  47. ↑ "CV=35". navsource.org. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
  48. ↑ "Antietam". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  49. ↑ "Shangri-la". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  50. ↑ "Midway". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  51. ↑ "Franklin D. Roosevelt". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  52. ↑ "Coral Sea". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  53. 1 2 3 "NavSource Online: Aircraft Carrier Photo Archive". www.navsource.org.
  54. ↑ "CV-46". navsource.org. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
  55. ↑ "CVA-58". navsource.org. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
  56. ↑ "USS Forrestal (CV 59)". navysite.de. Retrieved 2015-08-06.
  57. ↑ Killmeyer. "6 JUNE 1967 - 47 Years Ago". www.uss-forrestal.com. Retrieved 2015-08-06.
  58. ↑ "Brief History of the USS FORRESTAL". www.uss-forrestal.com. Retrieved 2015-08-06.
  59. ↑ "Aircraft Carrier Photo Index: USS FORRESTAL (CVA-59)". www.navsource.org. Retrieved 2015-08-06.
  60. ↑ "Saratoga". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  61. ↑ "Ranger". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  62. ↑ "Independence". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  63. ↑ "Kitty Hawk". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  64. ↑ "Constellation". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  65. ↑ "Enterprise". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  66. ↑ "America". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  67. ↑ "John F. Kennedy". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  68. ↑ "Nimitz". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  69. ↑ "Dwight D. Eisenhower". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  70. ↑ "Carl Vinson". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  71. ↑ CNN, Ben Westcott. "Where in the world is the USS Carl Vinson?". CNN. Retrieved 2017-04-22.
  72. ↑ "Theodore Roosevelt". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  73. ↑ "Abraham Lincoln". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  74. ↑ "George Washington". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  75. ↑ "John C. Stennis". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  76. ↑ "Harry S. Truman". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  77. ↑ "Ronald Reagan". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  78. ↑ "George H.W. Bush". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  79. ↑ 22 Jul 2017→ http://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=101579
  80. ↑ "John F. Kennedy". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2018-01-07.
  81. ↑ "Enterprise". www.nvr.navy.mil. Retrieved 2015-06-21.
  82. ↑ "IX-64 Wolverine". Global Security.org. Retrieved 19 July 2009.
  83. ↑ "The Greater Buffalo & The U.S.S. Sable". WNY Heritage Press. 2005. Archived from the original on 5 October 2008. Retrieved 19 July 2009.
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