List of Sri Lankan Moors

20th century Sri Lankan Moors

This is a list of Sri Lankan Moors. Sri Lankan Moors (Tamil: இலங்கைச் சோனகர், translit. Ilaṅkaic Cōṉakar; Sinhalese: ලංකා යෝනක, translit. Lanka Yonaka formerly Ceylon Moors; colloquially referred to as Muslims or Moors) are the minority ethnic group in Sri Lanka, comprising 9.3%[1] of the country's total population. They are mainly native speakers of the Tamil language with influence of Sinhalese and Arabic words, however, some of them use Sinhalese as their native tongue.[2][3][4] They are predominantly followers of Islam.[5]

The Moors trace their ancestry to Arab traders who settled in Sri Lanka in waves beginning from the 8th century.[6][7][8] The population of Moors are the highest in the Ampara, Trincomalee and Batticaloa districts.

Kechimalai Mosque, Beruwala. One of the oldest mosques in Sri Lanka. It is believed to be the site where the first Arabs landed in Sri Lanka

The Portuguese named the Muslims in India and Sri Lanka after the Muslim Moors they met in Iberia.[9] The word Moors did not exist in Sri Lanka before the arrival of the Portuguese colonists.[10] The term 'Moor' was chosen because of the Islamic faith of these people, and was not a reflection of their origin.[11]

The Tamil term for Moors is Sonakar, which is thought to be derived from the word sunni.[11][12] The Tamil term Sonakar along with the Sinhalese term Yonaka, has been thought to have been derived from the term Yona, a term originally applied to Greeks, but sometimes also Arabs.[13][14]

Head Moorman

  • Head Moorman Dr. Oduma Lebbe Marikar Sheikh Abdul Cader Marikar alias Shaikady Marikar (1772-1847)[15]
  • Head Moorman Muhammad Lebbe Siddi Lebbe[16]

Native headmen of Ceylon

Native headmen of Ceylon - The Native headmen system was an integral part of the administration of the island of Ceylon (now known as Sri Lanka) under the successive European colonial powers, namely the Portuguese Empire, the Dutch East India Company and the British Empire. Native headmen or leaders where appointed by the European colonial administrators to function as intermediates between the Europeans and the native populous. During different periods through this system these headmen functioned in military, policing, administrative and ceremonial capacities. They served as translators, revenue collectors and wielded quasi-judicial powers. Much of the system evolved and changed over time until some of the last vestiges of it were removed in the post-independent Ceylon.[17]

Mudaliyar (Mudali - මුදලි)

  • Chief Mudaliyar Sheikh Abdul Cader Marikar Muhammad Cassim Lebbe Marikar (1805 – 1877) - Chief Mudaliyar Eastern Province
  • Aboobucker Mudaliyar of Galle[18]
  • Mudaliyar Muhammad Ismail Abdul Rahman
  • Mudaliyar Casie Lebbe Maestriyar Oduma Lebbe

Muhandiram (මුහන්දිරම්)

  • Haji Marikkar Muhandiram (d:1817) of Wellassa[19]
  • Galagaha Vidanalagegedara Seyed Mohamed Lebbe Marikar Madige Muhandiram (1840-1939) of Kandy[20]
  • M. K. Abdul Hameed Madige Muhandiram of Kurunegala
  • Mohammed Salie Muhandiram Madige Aarachchi of Kotiyakumbura
  • Ibra Lebbe Sulaiman Lebbe Muhandiram (1893 - 1964) of Kurikotuwa Maddeketiya Korale
  • Muhandiram M. K. Mahmood Lebbe alias Thalama (1910-1981) of Ibbagamuwa.

Udayar

  • Saleem Kariapper Udayar

Arachchi (ආරච්චි)

  • Muhammedh Thamby Samsudheen Vidane-Arachchi alias Dheen Arachchi (1860 – 1915) of Negombo - Dheen Junction[21] in Negombo is named after him
  • Ali Thambi Abbas Lebbe Arachchi of Kal-Eliya
  • Galagaha Vidanalage Gedara Ismail Marikkar Grama Aarachchi of Mawanella
  • Unus Ibunu Muhammed Abdul Razzak Town Arachchi (1892-1972) of Nelundeniya
  • Pawalkodi Ismail Lebbe Marikar Mathicham Muhammad Abdullah Headman, Titular Arachchi of Matara[22]

Vanniah

  • Abdul Kareem Kariapper Vanniah of Eravur Pattu and Koralai Pattu
  • Abdul Latheef Kariapper Vanniah of Sammanthurai Pattu
  • Mohamed Meeralebbe Abdul Majeed Vanniah
  • Meera Lebbe Podi Vanniah[23]

Peace Officer (Muladeniya)

  • Peace Officer Muhammad Ghany of Galloluwa[24]
  • Peace Officer Sidar Muhannad Ali Thamby of Kal-Eliya[25]
  • Peace Officer Khalid Ahamed Unus Ibunu (1845-1898) of Nelundeniya[26]
  • Peace Officer Unus Ibunu Muhammad Ismail (1873-1918) of Warakapola
  • Peace Officer Ali of Polgahawela

Vidane

  • Arrasi Marikkar alias Sinna Thamby Vidane of Malwana[27]
  • Muhammad Hajie Marikar Vidane of Alutgama[28]
  • Maththicham Saleem Lebbe Muhammed Thamby Vidane (1819-1884) of Negombo[29] - Udayar Thoppuwa Mosque[30] at Dheen Junction in Negombo was built by him in 1846. This Masjid is maintained by his descendants who continue to preserve the original building.
  • Avoo Lebbe Marikar Vidane of Thihariya[31]
  • Mohammed Mohideen Kariapper Vidane
  • Hassan Meera Lebbe Police Vidane of Kahatovita
  • Mohammed Meera Lebbe Seeni Vidane

Leading Businesspersons[32]

1820-1947

  • Oduma Lebbe Marikar Ahmed Lebbe Marikar Alim (OLMALM Alim) d. 1917 [33] - He established O.L.M.A.L.M. Alim & Sons (Import of hardware & household items) in 1820 at 3rd Cross Street, Colombo 11. He was one of the wealthy among the Ceylon Moors in Colombo. He did extensive hardware business and was possessed of several immovable properties. He had several sons who managed each department of his businesses. He passed away in 1917 and his estate was valued at approximately two million rupees.
  • Idroos Lebbe Marikar Noordeen Hajiar – He established I.L.M. Noordeen Hajiar & Company (Import of iron, steel, metal, hardware, small arms, ammunition & electrical good) in 1840 at 236 Main Street, Colombo 11
  • S.M. Assena Marikar– He established S.M. Assena Marikar & Company (Import of hardware & household items) in 1840 at 6 &14 China Street, Colombo 11.
  • Yusuf Lebbe Idroos Lebbe Marikar Hajiar[34] – He was General Merchant and Landed Proprietor. He was the Trustee of the Grand Mosque and had donated a valuable property in Pettah for the Mosque.
  • Arasi Marikar Wapchie Marikar (1829-1925)[35] - His name will be long remembered as the builder of the General Post Office in Colombo, the Colombo Museum, Colombo Customs, Old Town Hall in Pettah, the Galle Face Hotel, Victoria Arcade, Finlay Moir building, the Clock Tower, Batternburg Battery etc. In January 1877, the completed building of the Colombo Museum was declared open by His Excellency, Governor Gregory, in the presence of a large crowd, amongst which there were many Muslims present. At the end of the ceremony His Excellency asked Arasi Marikar Wapchi Marikar what honour he wished to have for his dedication. The same question was asked by His Excellency from the carpenter who assisted Wapchi Marikar with the wood work of the Museum who desired a local Rank and was honoured accordingly. Wapchi Marikar, noticing the large number of Muslims present, feared that they would spend their time at the Museum on Friday during the Islamic congregation prayer, and requested that the Museum be closed on Fridays. This request has been adhered to by all authorities in charge of the Museum to this day.
  • M.C. Joonoos - He established M.C. Joonoos & Company (Export of Jewelry & Gems) in 1855 at 12 Grand Orient Hotel, Colombo 01
  • O.L.M. Macan-Markar (d. 1901) [36] – He established O.L.M. Macan-Markar & Company (Export of Jewellery & Gems) in 1860 at Grand Orient Hotel, Galle Face Hotel, Hotel Taprobane, Galle Face Courts Colombo 03
  • Cassim Lebbe Marikkar Bawa[37] - He Established C.L. Marikar Bawa & Sons (Import of Diamonds & Silk, Export of Jewelry & Gems) in 1869 at 90 Chatham Street, Colombo 01. Bawa Place[38] in Colombo 08 is named after him
  • Ismail Lebbe Marikar Muhammad Cassim – He established Abdul Rahims[39] (Import of household items, hardware, furniture & electrical goods) in 1872 in the name of his eldest son Muhammad Cassim Abdul Rahim
  • Assen Ali Muhammad Nagoor Meera[40] - He established AM Nagoor Meera & Company in 1886 at Gas Works Street, Colombo 11. He died in 1923 and left behind an estate valued at 21 million Rupees, a vast and unbelievable fortune at that time
  • A.H. Hamid – He established A.H. Hamid & Company (Import of Diamonds, Export of Pearls, Jewelry & Gems) in 1886 at 9/10 Bristol Building, Colombo 01
  • Abdul Latife – He established Abdul Latife & Company (Import of household items) in 1887 at 23/25 3rd Cross Street, Colombo 11
  • Sulaiman Lebbe Naina Marikar Hajiar (1868-1926)[41] – He established S.L. Naina-Marikar & Company [Import of textiles & automobiles (1920)] at 188 Keyzer Street, Colombo 11
  • Noordeen Hajiar Abdul Caffoor Hajiar[42] – He established N.D.H. Abdul Caffoor & Sons (Export of Gems, Pearls, & Jewelry, Import of Diamonds) in 1895 at Gaffoor Building, Bristol Street, Colombo 01.He had special permission to board the ships that called at the Colombo harbour and sell his gems and jewellery to the sailors. By special command, Abdul Caffoor was allowed the privilege of exhibiting pearls, diamonds, rubies and sapphires and art works to the Prince and Princess of Wales at the Kandy Pavilion, during their Royal visit in 1901. His stall was given a prominent place at the Wembley Exhibition in 1924 and Her Majesty Queen Mary personally visited his pavilion and made purchases. It was by sheer merit that he achieved success. in 1932, he established a Muslim Theological Institute, known as the Ghaffooria Arabic College, for the study of Arabic, at Maharagama.Abdul Caffoor Mawatha in Colombo 03 is named after him
  • Wapu Marikar Hassim JP (1880-1960)[43] - He attended Wesley College, Colombo, and was preparing to appear for the Notary’s examination when his elders recommended that he take up to trade and business. He established W. M. Hassim & Sons (Import of hardware & household items) in 1906, at No. 77, Main Street, Colombo 11. His charity knew no bounds for both Muslim and non-Muslim causes. The state, acknowledging his philanthropy and educational activity, honored him with the title of Justice of the Peace on the occasion of the 25th Anniversary of the accession to the throne of His majesty King George V
  • Levana Marikar Uvais Hajiar[44] – He established Mackie Stores in 1921 at 256 Main Street Colombo 11
  • S. M. M. Hussain (1916-1991)[45] - He established The Colombo Picture Palace (picture framing and sheet glass) in 1942

1948–Present

  • M.I.M. Mohideen– He established M.I.M. Mohideen & Company (Importersof Sanitaryware, Ceramic, Bathroom Fittings & Accessories, Tiles, P.V.C, Pipes and Hardware) in 1960 at 110, 114 Messenger Street Colombo 12
  • Mohamed Ismail Mohamed Naleem Hajiar (1932-2006)[46] - Gem Merchant, Founder of Bairaha Group and Jamiah Naleemiah gem king
  • A.W.M. Makeen Hajiar (1933-2014)[47] - He established Macksons Holdings (parent Company of Multilac Paints) in 1970
  • M.L.M Naeem Hajiar[48] - He established Ali Brothers in 1970
  • Zainul Abdeen Marikar Mohamed Refai Hajiar[49] - He established Zam Gems in 1976

Politicians

Legislative Council of Ceylon (1833-1931)

  • Muhammad Cassim Abdul Rahman (1829-1899)[50] - He was nominated to a seat in the Colombo Municipal Council in 1876 to look after and promote the interest of the local Ceylon Moors (Muslims). He made such an impressive mark, that, while a Counsellor he was also appointed as an unofficial Municipal Magistrate. The Moors of Ceylon of the time, incoherent though, yet made calls for representation in the Legislative Council to which Abdul Rahman was appointed on October 29, 1889, as the first Mohammedan member, by Governor Gordon. His indispensability received such recognition, that, at the end of his five-year term, he was re-appointed for a further five years by Governor Havelock. However, he did not live long enough to fulfil that extended term.
  • Wapchie Marikar Abdul Rahman (1868-1933) - He was nominated to the Legislative Council as the Muslim member in 1900
  • Proctor Noordeen Hajiar Muhammad Abdul Cader (1879-1938) - He was one of the leading proctors of the day. He succeeded W.M.Abdul Rahman as the Muslim Member of the Legislative Council in 1915 and represented the Muslims in the Legislative Council for fifteen years.

State Council of Ceylon (1931–1947)

House of Representatives (Ceylon) (1947–1972)

  • Gate Mudaliyar M. S. Kariapper (1899- 1989) - He was a Sri Lankan politician and Member of Parliament. He was elected to Parliament at the 1947 parliamentary election to represent Kalmunai, as a United National Party candidate.[52]
  • Proctor Hameed Hussain Sheikh Ismail (19 May 1901 - 3 August 1974) - He was the 5th (First Muslim) Speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka (19 April 1956 – 5 December 1959).[53] and first elected Member of Parliament in the first general election held for the Parliament of Independent Ceylon in 1947. Founder of Ceylon Baithul Mal Fund
  • Mudaliyar Ahamedlebbe Sinnalebbe (b 1902) [54] - At the time of gaining political freedom the question of the national flag became an issue among the political leaders of the day. On Friday January 16, 1948 when the parliament met after lunch A. Sinnalebbe (Batticaloa) rose in parliament and moved, "That this house is of opinion that the Royal Standards of King Sri Wickrama Raja Sinha depicting a yellow lion passant holding a sword in its right paw on a red background, which was removed to England after the Convention of 1815, should once again be adopted as the official flag of free Lanka."
  • Proctor M. M. Musthapa (1924-2000) - Minister of Fiance from 22 November 1959 to 5 December 1959 [55]
  • Proctor I. A. Cader (1917-1979) - Ibrahim Adaham Abdul Cader, known as I. A. Cader was the Deputy Speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka (22 May 1970-18 May 1977)

National State Assembly of Sri Lanka (1972–1978)

Parliament of Sri Lanka (1978–present)

Diplomats

  • Izzeth Hussain - He was the first ever Muslim to join the Ceylon Overseas Service and the first ever Muslim career diplomat to rise to the highest position in the Foreign Service by holding the position of Director General of Foreign Relations in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the 1980s. He was also the Ambassador to the Russian Federation and the Commonwealth of Independent States, based in Moscow.
  • Abdul Cader Shahul Hameed - Sri Lankan diplomat and He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Sri Lanka
  • A.M.J. SADIQ - Sri Lankan Ambassador to The Kingdom of Netherlands
  • Ferial Ashraff - Sri Lankan former Ambassador to Republic of Singapore
  • Omer Kamil - Sri Lankan former Ambassador to Iran, accredited to Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan
  • Faisz Musthapha - Sri Lankan former Ambassador to United Kingdom
  • Javed Yusuf - Sri Lankan former Ambassador to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
  • SACM Zuhyle - Former Ambassador to Kuwait

Civil Servants

  • A. M. A. Azeez - first Moor civil servant; former GA of Eastern Province (present Amparai); late Zahira College (Colombo) Principal
  • Deshamanya Dr. A. M. M. Sahabdeen - Ceylon Civil Service, Founder of the A.M.M. Sahabdeen Foundation, Former Chairman of Sifani Group of Companies, Former Director of National Savings Bank, Visiting Head of Department of Western Philosophy at the Vidyodaya University

Judges & Lawyers

Judges

  • Justice Izadean Mohamed Ismail - He was the 127th [01st Moor (02nd Muslim)] Justices of the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka. He was appointed on 1 January 1974 and held the office until 18 December 1981
  • Justice Abdul Cader - He was the 141st [02nd Moor (03rd Muslim)] Justices of the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka. He was appointed on 8 December 1982 and held the office until 28 May 1985
  • Justice Ameer Ismail - He was appointed as a Justices of the Supreme Court in 1990 and held the office until 1994
  • Justice Saleem Marsoof PC - He was appointed as a Justices of the Supreme Court in 2005 and held the office until 2014
  • Justice S. I. Imam - He was appointed as a Justices of the Supreme Court on 9 January 2009 and held the office until 20 February 2013

Lawyers

Physicians

Allopathic medicine

Unani medicine

  • Dr. A. L. M. M. Hameem \[72]

Homeopathy medicine

  • Dr. M. Abdul Latif

Accountants

  • Alavi Ibrahim Macan-Markar (1919-1998) – Founder of A I Macan Markar & Co (Chartered Accountants). A I Macan Markar & Co (AIMM) was founded in 1946[73]
  • Abdul Rahman Muhammed Hathy (d:8 Oct 2002)[74] - Senior Partner - BDO Burah Hathy and Co (Chartered Accountants). Burah Hathy & Co, was established in 1958[75]
  • S. M. Sabry (1940-2008) was the 35th (First Muslim) Auditor General of Sri Lanka. He was appointed on 26 January 1993 and held the office until 13 August 2000.[76]
  • Reyaz Mihular[77] - He is the Managing Partner of KPMG in Sri Lanka and is a Board Member of KPMG’s Middle East & South Asia (MESA) Regional Cluster

Engineers

Civil engineer

  • S. Mufees R. Rafeek[78] - Head of Projects Airport & Aviation Services (Sri Lanka) Ltd

Electrical engineer

  • S. A. C. M. Zubair[79]

Military

Sri Lanka Army

  • Major General M. Gibri Muthalib (M.K.M. Family - Kandy)
  • Major Muhammed Farook Muhammed Fikiri - He was killed in Action in Nineteen Ninety Seven (1997)

Sri Lanka Air Force

  • Flying Officer M. J. M. Aathque died in Aircraft Crash on 26th June 1998

Sri Lanka Navy

Sri Lanka Police

Sports

Cricket

  • Mohamed Abdal Hassain " Abu Fuard " (6 December 1936 – 28 July 2012) was a Sri Lankan cricketer who played first-class cricket for Ceylon from 1957 to 1970 and served for many years as a national cricket administrator
  • Farveez Maharoof - Sri Lankan cricketer, in the 2004 World Cup in which he captained the Sri Lankan under 19 team

Rugby Football

  • Inthisham Marikar - The former Trinity rugby ‘Lion’ led the 1996 double champions Kandy outfit. He represented the national sevens and fifteens teams from 1987 to 1992, and later again in 1996 and 1997. He led the national sevens team tour to Italy. Earlier in his career he led the Under-24 team in 1990 when they toured Hong Kong. He took up coaching in 2000 and has been accredited as level 3 coach by the World Rugby in 2018 becoming only the second Sri Lankan to receive that certificate[81]
  • Haris Omar[82] - He led Trinity College Kandy in 1995, he also had the privilege of captaining the Sri Lanka Under 19 and Under 21 rugby teams. He led the Kandy Sports Club in 1999, and became the youngest captain. It was the first time that a father and son captained Kandy SC. (Isphan captained in 1975 and the son after 24 years)[83]

Snooker

Musicians

See Also

References

  1. ↑ "Population of Sri Lanka by ethnic group 1881 to 2012".
  2. ↑ Minahan, James B. (2012-08-30). Ethnic Groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-59884-660-7.
  3. ↑ Das, Sonia N. (2016-10-05). Linguistic Rivalries: Tamil Migrants and Anglo-Franco Conflicts. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-046179-9.
  4. ↑ Richardson, John Martin (2005). Paradise Poisoned: Learning about Conflict, Terrorism, and Development from Sri Lanka's Civil Wars. International Center for Ethnic Studies. ISBN 9789555800945.
  5. ↑ McGilvray, DB (November 1998). "Arabs, Moors and Muslims: Sri Lankan Muslim ethnicity in regional perspective". Contributions to Indian Sociology: 433–483. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  6. ↑ Papiha, S.S.; Mastana, S.S.; Jaysekara, R. (October 1996). "Genetic Variation in Sri Lanka". 68 (5): 707–737 [709]. JSTOR 41465515.
  7. ↑ de Munck, Victor (2005). "Islamic Orthodoxy and Sufism in Sri Lanka". Anthropos: 401–414 [403]. JSTOR 40466546.
  8. ↑ Mahroof, M. M. M. "Spoken Tamil Dialects Of The Muslims Of Sri Lanka: Language As Identity-Classifier". Islamic Studies. 34 (4): 407–426 [408]. JSTOR 20836916.
  9. ↑ Pieris, P.E. "Ceylon and the Hollanders 1658-1796". American Ceylon Mission Press, Tellippalai Ceylon 1918
  10. ↑ Ross Brann, "The Moors?", Andalusia, New York University. Quote: "Andalusi Arabic sources, as opposed to later Mudéjar and Morisco sources in Aljamiado and medieval Spanish texts, neither refer to individuals as Moors nor recognize any such group, community or culture."
  11. 1 2 Mohan, Vasundhara (1987). Identity Crisis of Sri Lankan Muslims. Delhi: Mittal Publications. pp. 9–14, 27–30, 67–74, 113–118.
  12. ↑ Pulavar, Mātakal Mayilvākan̲ap (1999). The Yalpana-vaipava-malai, Or, The History of the Kingdom of Jaffna. Asian Educational Services. p. 82. ISBN 9788120613621.
  13. ↑ Fazal, Tanweer (2013-10-18). Minority Nationalisms in South Asia. Routledge. p. 121. ISBN 978-1-317-96647-0.
  14. ↑ Singh, Nagendra Kr; Khan, Abdul Mabud (2001). Encyclopaedia of the World Muslims: Tribes, Castes and Communities. Global Vision. ISBN 9788187746102.
  15. ↑ "Family # 090 Sultan Albdin Koniya, Turkey".
  16. ↑ "Family # 128 Muhammad Lebbe Siddi Lebbe Marikar".
  17. ↑ "Village notables in colonial Ceylon - The Village Headman was the uncrowned king of the village. He was appointed by the Government Agent from a traditional leading family in the area, in order to ensure that he received customary respect from villagers".
  18. ↑ "Family # 098 Aboobucker Mudaliyar".
  19. ↑ "Family # 219 AhmeduLebbe Kariapper Family".
  20. ↑ "Family # 209 Marikar Family of Kandy".
  21. ↑ "Dheen Junction of Negombo".
  22. ↑ "Family # 052 Pawalkodi Mohideen Sahib".
  23. ↑ "Family # 211 Thamby Neinda Kariapper Family".
  24. ↑ "Family # 043 Kuna Wawanna Muhammad Ghany".
  25. ↑ "Family # 137 Village Headman Saifu Kandu of Kal-Eliya".
  26. ↑ "Family # 215 Peace Officer (Muladaniya) Unus Ibunu (1845-1898) of Nelundeniya".
  27. ↑ "Family # 309 Arrasi Marikkar Family".
  28. ↑ "Family # 217 Muhammad Hajie Marikar".
  29. ↑ "Family # 214 Maththicham Saleem Lebbe Muhammed Thamby Vidane (1819-1884) of Negombo".
  30. ↑ "Udayar Thoppuwa Mosque , Dheen Junction Negombo)".
  31. ↑ "Family # 195 Marikar Vidane of Thihariya".
  32. ↑ "Muslim Business Establishments in Sri Lanka – Since 1820".
  33. ↑ "Family # 030 Oduma Lebbe Marikar".
  34. ↑ "Family # 013 Ismail Lebbe".
  35. ↑ "Family # 050 Sheiq Fareed".
  36. ↑ "Family # 097 Oduma Lebbe Marikarr".
  37. ↑ "Family # 062 Marikar Bawa".
  38. ↑ "Bawa Place in Colombo 08".
  39. ↑ "Abdul Rahims".
  40. ↑ "Family # 173 Assen Aliyar".
  41. ↑ "Family # 093 Meera Lebbe Slema* Lebbe Comoster".
  42. ↑ "Family # 080 Abdul Rahman".
  43. ↑ "Family # 040 Sheikh Marikar".
  44. ↑ "Family # 259 W M Levana Marikar".
  45. ↑ "Family # 162 Sheikh Mohideen".
  46. ↑ "Naleem Hajiar".
  47. ↑ "Macksons Holdings".
  48. ↑ "Ali Brothers".
  49. ↑ "Zam Gems".
  50. ↑ "Family # 108 Al Qutb Al-Sheikh Ismail Al-Yamani Al-Sailani".
  51. ↑ Sir Don Baron Jayatilaka — a great legacy
  52. ↑ "Result of Parliamentary General Election 1947" (PDF). Department of Elections, Sri Lanka. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-02-04.
  53. ↑ "Ismail, Hameed Hussain Sheikh". Parliament.lk. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
  54. ↑ "The proposer of the lion flag Mudlr. Sinnalebbe,".
  55. ↑ "M. M. Musthapa (1924-2000) – Minister of Fiance".
  56. ↑ "Family # 034 Muhammad Abubakr Marikar (Kudi Odayar) of Matara".
  57. ↑ Ali, Ameer. "Headless and in the middle". Retrieved 30 December 2013.
  58. ↑ Mohan, Vasundhara (1987). Identity Crisis of Sri Lankan Muslims. Mittal Publications. p. 53.
  59. ↑ "Family # 034 Muhammad Abubakr Marikar (Kudi Odayar) of Matara".
  60. ↑ Official Website of SL Parliament
  61. ↑ "PARLIAMENTARY GENERAL ELECTION - 02-04-2004" (PDF). Sri Lanka Department of Elections. Retrieved 4 August 2011.
  62. ↑ "M.H. Mohomad passes away". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 26 April 2016.
  63. ↑ Imthiaz Bakeer Markar appointed National Media Centre Chairman. Daily News (Sri Lanka), Retrieved on 20 September 2016.
  64. ↑ "Imthiaz Bakeer Markar". Parliament of Sri Lanka. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  65. ↑ UNP is not against raising loans for development - Imthiaz Bakeer Markar
  66. ↑ "Family # 069 Mohamed Hadjiar, S.U. (Poothan Hadjiar) of Galle".
  67. ↑ "Family # 109 Ahmedo Lebbe".
  68. ↑ "Family #217 Muhammad Hajie Marikar".
  69. ↑ "Hon. Kaleel, Mohamed Cassim Mohamed, M.P." Parliament of Sri Lanka. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  70. ↑ "Family #314 Sheriffdeen".
  71. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 25 August 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  72. ↑ http://www.sundaytimes.lk/110130/Plus/plus_17.html
  73. ↑ "A. I. Macan Markar & Co. Chartered Accountants".
  74. ↑ "Family # 41 Ahmed Lebbe Marikar".
  75. ↑ "BDO Chartered Accountants".
  76. ↑ "Former Auditor Generals". auditorgeneral.gov.lk. Retrieved 13 December 2013.
  77. ↑ "Family # 111 "Araby" Ibrahim from Zabeedi, Yemen".
  78. ↑ "Family #31 Segu Pillai Marikar".
  79. ↑ "Family # 241 M. A. S. Abdul Cader Family".
  80. ↑ "Family # 242 O. L. Abdul Latiff of Nawalapitiya".
  81. ↑ "Inthi Marikar – one of the fastest wingers Sri Lanka ever produced".
  82. ↑ "Family #129 Mahmood".
  83. ↑ "Haris Omar".
  84. ↑ "MJM Lafir World Billiard Champion". Moors' Islamic Cultural Home (MICH). Retrieved 2 May 2017.
  85. ↑ "8th MJM Lafir Memorial Tournament 2009". Moors' Islamic Cultural Home (INC.). Retrieved 2 May 2017.
  86. 1 2 Amit, Naushad (1 December 2013). "Reliving a Lankan moment of glory". The Sunday Times. Retrieved 2 May 2017.
  87. ↑ Obeyesekere, Srian (2 December 2014). "M.J.M. Lafir, first to win World Title remains an Unsung Hero". Sports Today. Retrieved 2 May 2017.
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