List of Prime Ministers of Finland

This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Finland

This is a list of Prime Ministers of Finland since the establishment of that office in 1917.

History

In 1918, the Finnish Senate was transformed into the Finnish Government, and the position of Vice-Chairman of the Economic Division of the Senate was transformed into that of a Prime Minister. Kesäranta (in Swedish Villa Bjälbo), located in the Meilahti neighborhood of Helsinki, has been the official residence of the Prime Minister of Finland since 1919.

Since its independence (declared on 6 December 1917), Finland has had 72 cabinets,[1] including the current one, the longest lasting being the two cabinets of Prime Minister Paavo Lipponen, both lasting 1,464 days.

Before the 1980s cabinets tended to be short-lived: the President was the most important political figure and he had the right to form a new cabinet whenever he wanted. From the 1980s onwards cabinets have tended to serve full terms (although the Prime Minister may have changed midterm in a few cases, most of the other cabinet has remained nearly unchanged) and the Prime Minister has become more powerful a figure than the President. Under the current constitution, the Prime Minister is chosen by the Parliament and only appointed by the President.

List of Prime Ministers

Finnish cabinets and Prime Ministers are numbered sequentially. A Prime Minister can serve as the head of multiple cabinets. For example, Matti Vanhanen is both the 69th and the 70th Prime Minister.[2]

Prime MinisterTook officeLeft officeTime in officePartyElectionCoalitionCabinet
1
Svinhuvud, Per EvindPehr Evind Svinhufvud
(1861–1944)
27 November 191727 May 1918181 days Young Finnish1917SPNSPMLRKP
(Minority)
1. Svinhufvud I
2
Paasikivi, Juho KustiJuho Kusti Paasikivi
(1870–1956)
27 May 191827 November 1918184 days FinnishSP/KOKNSP/EDMLRKP
(Minority)
2. Paasikivi I
3
Ingman, LauriLauri Ingman
(1868–1934)
27 November 191817 April 1919141 days National CoalitionKOKEDRKP3. Ingman I
(Majority)
4
Castrén, KaarloKaarlo Castrén
(1860–1938)
17 April 191915 August 1919120 days National Progressive1919MLEDRKP4. K.Castrén
(Minority)
5
Vennola, JuhoJuho Vennola
(1872–1938)
15 August 191915 March 1920213 days National ProgressiveMLED5. Vennola I
(Minority)
6
Erich, RafaelRafael Erich
(1879–1946)
15 March 19209 April 19211 year, 25 days National CoalitionKOKMLEDRKP6. Erich
(Majority)
(5)
Vennola, JuhoJuho Vennola
(1872–1938)
9 April 19212 June 19221 year, 54 days National ProgressiveMLED7. Vennola II
(Minority)
7
Cajander, AimoAimo Cajander
(1879–1943)
2 June 192214 November 1922165 days Independent1922Caretaker government8. Cajander I
8
Kallio, KyöstiKyösti Kallio
(1873–1940)
14 November 192218 January 19241 year, 65 days AgrarianMLED
(Minority)
9. Kallio I
(7)
Cajander, AimoAimo Cajander
(1879–1943)
18 January 192431 May 1924134 days Independent1924Caretaker government10. Cajander II
(3)
Ingman, LauriLauri Ingman
(1868–1934)
31 May 192431 March 1925304 days National CoalitionKOKMLEDRKP
(Majority)
11. Ingman II
9
Tulenheimo, AnttiAntti Tulenheimo
(1879–1952)
31 March 192531 December 1925275 days National CoalitionKOKML
(Minority)
12. Tulenheimo
(8)
Kallio, KyöstiKyösti Kallio
(1873–1940)
31 December 192513 December 1926347 days AgrarianMLKOK
(Minority)
13. Kallio II
10
Tanner, VäinöVäinö Tanner
(1881–1966)
13 December 192617 December 19271 year, 4 days Social DemocraticSDP
(Minority)
14. Tanner
11
Sunila, JuhoJuho Sunila
(1875–1936)
17 December 192722 December 19281 year, 5 days Agrarian1927ML
(Minority)
15. Sunila I
12
Mantere, OskariOskari Mantere
(1874–1942)
22 December 192816 August 1929237 days National ProgressiveED
(Minority)
16. Mantere
(8)
Kallio, KyöstiKyösti Kallio
(1873–1940)
16 August 19294 July 1930322 days Agrarian1929ML
(Minority)
17. Kallio III
(1)
Svinhuvud, Per EvindPehr Evind Svinhufvud
(1861–1944)
4 July 193018 February 1931229 days National Coalition1930MLKOKEDRKP
(Majority)
18. Svinhufvud II
(11)
Sunila, JuhoJuho Sunila
(1875–1936)
21 March 193114 December 19321 year, 300 days AgrarianMLKOKEDRKP
(Majority)
19. Sunila II
13
Kivimäki, Toivo MikaelToivo Mikael Kivimäki
(1886–1968)
15 December 19327 October 19363 years, 298 days National Progressive1933MLEDRKP
(Minority)
20. Kivimäki
(8)
Kallio, KyöstiKyösti Kallio
(1873–1940)
7 October 193617 February 1937133 days Agrarian1936MLED
(Minority)
21. Kallio IV
(7)
Cajander, AimoAimo Cajander
(1879–1943)
12 March 19371 December 19392 years, 264 days National Progressive1939SDPMLEDRKP
(Majority)
22. Cajander
14
Ryti, RistoRisto Ryti
(1889–1956)
1 December 193919 December 19401 year, 18 days National Progressive
SDPMLEDRKP
(Majority)
SDPMLKOKEDRKP
(Majority)
23. Ryti I
24. Ryti II
15
Rangell, Johan WilhelmJohan Wilhelm Rangell
(1894–1982)
3 January 19415 March 19432 years, 61 days National ProgressiveSDPMLKOKRKPEDIKL
(Majority)
25. Rangell
16
Linkomies, EdwinEdwin Linkomies
(1894–1963)
5 March 19438 August 19441 year, 156 days National CoalitionKOKSDPMLRKPED
(Majority)
26. Linkomies
17
Hackzell, AnttiAntti Hackzell
(1881–1946)
8 August 194421 September 194444 days IndependentKOKSDPMLRKPED
(Majority)
27. Hackzell
18
Castrén, UrhoUrho Castrén
(1886–1965)
21 September 194417 November 194457 days National CoalitionKOKSDPMLRKPED
(Majority)
28. U.Castrén
(2)
Paasikivi, Juho KustiJuho Kusti Paasikivi
(1870–1956)
17 November 19449 March 19461 year, 112 days National Coalition
1945
SDPSKDLMLKOKRKPED
(Majority)
SDPSKDLMLEDRKP
(Majority)
29. Paasikivi II
30. Paasikivi III
19
Pekkala, MaunoMauno Pekkala
(1890–1952)
26 March 194629 July 19482 years, 142 days People's DemocraticSKDLSDPMLRKP
(Majority)
31. Pekkala
20
Fagerholm, Karl-AugustKarl-August Fagerholm
(1901–1984)
29 July 194817 March 19501 year, 231 days Social Democratic1948SDP
(Minority)
32. Fagerholm I
21
Kekkonen, UrhoUrho Kekkonen
(1900–1986)
17 March 195017 November 19533 years, 245 days Agrarian

1951
MLRKPED
(Minority)
MLSDPRKPED
(Majority)
MLSDPRKP
(Majority)
MLRKP
(Minority)
33. Kekkonen I
34. Kekkonen II
35. Kekkonen III
36. Kekkonen IV
22
Tuomioja, SakariSakari Tuomioja
(1911–1964)
17 November 19535 May 1954169 days IndependentCaretaker government37. Tuomioja
23
Törngren, RalfRalf Törngren
(1899–1961)
5 May 195420 October 1954168 days Swedish People's1954SDPMLRKP
(Majority)
38. Törngren
(21)
Kekkonen, UrhoUrho Kekkonen
(1900–1986)
20 October 19543 March 19561 year, 135 days AgrarianMLSDP
(Majority)
39. Kekkonen V
(20)
Fagerholm, Karl-AugustKarl-August Fagerholm
(1901–1984)
3 March 195627 May 19571 year, 85 days Social DemocraticSDPMLRKP
(Majority)
40. Fagerholm II
24
Sukselainen, V. J.V. J. Sukselainen
(1906–1995)
27 May 195729 November 1957186 days AgrarianMLRKPKPTPSL
(Majority)
41. Sukselainen I
25
Fieandt, Rainer vonRainer von Fieandt
(1890–1972)
29 November 195726 April 1958148 days IndependentCaretaker government42. von Fieandt
26
Kuuskoski, ReinoReino Kuuskoski
(1907–1965)
26 April 195829 August 1958125 days IndependentCaretaker government43. Kuuskoski
(20)
Fagerholm, Karl-AugustKarl-August Fagerholm
(1901–1984)
29 August 195813 January 1959137 days Social Democratic1958SDPMLKOKRKPKP
(Majority)
44. Fagerholm III
(24)
Sukselainen, V. J.V. J. Sukselainen
(1906–1995)
13 January 195914 July 19612 years, 182 days AgrarianMLRKP
(Minority)
45. Sukselainen II
27
Miettunen, MarttiMartti Miettunen
(1907–2002)
14 July 196113 April 1962273 days AgrarianML
(Minority)
46. Miettunen I
28
Karjalainen, AhtiAhti Karjalainen
(1923–1990)
13 April 196218 December 19631 year, 249 days Agrarian1962MLKOKRKPKPTPSL
(Majority)
47. Karjalainen I
29
Lehto, Reino RagnarReino Ragnar Lehto
(1898–1966)
18 December 196312 September 1964269 days IndependentCaretaker government48. Lehto
30
Virolainen, JohannesJohannes Virolainen
(1914–2000)
12 September 196427 May 19661 year, 257 days AgrarianMLKOKRKPKP
(Majority)
49. Virolainen
31
Paasio, RafaelRafael Paasio
(1903–1980)
27 May 196622 March 19681 year, 300 days Social Democratic1966SDPKESKSKDLTPSL
(Majority)
50. Paasio I
32
Koivisto, MaunoMauno Koivisto
(1923–2017)
22 March 196814 May 19702 years, 53 days Social DemocraticSDPKESKSKDLTPSLRKP
(Majority)
51. Koivisto I
33
Aura, TeuvoTeuvo Aura
(1912–1999)
14 May 197015 August 197093 days IndependentCaretaker government52. Aura I
(28)
Karjalainen, AhtiAhti Karjalainen
(1923–1990)
15 August 197029 October 19711 year, 75 days Centre1970KESKSDPSKDLRKPLKP
(Majority)
53. Karjalainen II
(33)
Aura, TeuvoTeuvo Aura
(1912–1999)
29 October 197123 February 1972117 days IndependentCaretaker government54. Aura II
(31)
Paasio, RafaelRafael Paasio
(1903–1980)
23 February 19724 September 1972194 days Social Democratic1972SDP
(Minority)
55. Paasio II
34
Sorsa, KaleviKalevi Sorsa
(1930–2004)
4 September 197213 June 19752 years, 282 days Social DemocraticSDPKESKRKPLKP
(Majority)
56. Sorsa I
35
Liinamaa, KeijoKeijo Liinamaa
(1929–1980)
13 June 197530 November 1975170 days IndependentCaretaker government57. Liinamaa
(27)
Miettunen, MarttiMartti Miettunen
(1907–2002)
30 November 197515 May 19771 year, 166 days Centre1975
KESKRKPLKP
(Minority)
58. Miettunen II
59. Miettunen III
(Majority)
(34)
Sorsa, KaleviKalevi Sorsa
(1930–2004)
15 May 197726 April 19791 year, 346 days Social DemocraticSDPKESKSKDLRKPLKP
(Majority)
60. Sorsa II
(32)
Koivisto, MaunoMauno Koivisto
(1923–2017)
26 May 197926 January 19822 years, 275 days Social Democratic1979SDPKESKSKDLRKP
(Majority)
61. Koivisto II
(34)
Sorsa, KaleviKalevi Sorsa
(1930–2004)
19 February 198230 April 19875 years, 70 days Social Democratic
1983
SDPKESKSKDLRKPLKP
SDPKESKRKPSMP
(Majority)
62. Sorsa III
63. Sorsa IV
36
Holkeri, HarriHarri Holkeri
(1937–2011)
30 April 198726 April 19913 years, 361 days National Coalition1987KOKSDPRKPSMP
(Majority)
64. Holkeri
37
Aho, EskoEsko Aho
(born 1954)
26 April 199113 April 19953 years, 352 days Centre1991KESKKOKRKPKD
(Majority)
65. Aho
38
Lipponen, PaavoPaavo Lipponen
(born 1941)
13 April 199517 April 20038 years, 4 days Social Democratic1995
1999
SDPKOKRKPVASVIHR
(Majority)
66. Lipponen I
67. Lipponen II
39
Jäätteenmäki, AnneliAnneli Jäätteenmäki
(born 1955)
17 April 200324 June 200368 days Centre2003KESKSDPRKP
(Majority)
68. Jäätteenmäki
40
Vanhanen, MattiMatti Vanhanen
(born 1955)
24 June 200322 June 20106 years, 363 days Centre
2007
KESKSDPRKP
(Majority)
(2003 – 2007)
KESKKOKRKPVIHR
(Majority)
(2007 – 2010)
69. Vanhanen I
70. Vanhanen II
41
Kiviniemi, MariMari Kiviniemi
(born 1968)
22 June 201022 June 20111 year, 0 days CentreKESKKOKRKPVIHR
(Majority)
71. Kiviniemi
42
Katainen, JyrkiJyrki Katainen
(born 1971)
22 June 201124 June 20143 years, 2 days National Coalition2011KOKSDPRKPVASVIHRKD
(Majority)
72. Katainen
43
Stubb, AlexanderAlexander Stubb
(born 1968)
24 June 201429 May 2015339 days National CoalitionKOKSDPRKPVIHRKD
(Majority)
73. Stubb
44
Sipilä, JuhaJuha Sipilä
(born 1961)
29 May 2015Incumbent3 years, 136 days Centre2015KESKPSKOK
(Majority)
74. Sipilä

Interim Prime Ministers

Name
(Born-Died)
Portrait Term of office Party Note
Juho Vennola
(1872–1938)
18 February 1931 21 March 1931 National Progressive Party Substitute to Svinhufvud, who became President of Finland
Rudolf Holsti
(1881–1945)
17 February 1937 12 March 1937 National Progressive Party Substitute to Kyösti Kallio, who became President of Finland
Rudolf Walden
(1878–1946)
27 March 1940 4 January 1941 Non-partisan Substitute to Risto Ryti, who became President of Finland
Carl Enckell
(1876–1959)
9 March 1946 26 March 1946 Non-partisan Substitute to Juho Kusti Paasikivi, who became President of Finland
Eemil Luukka
(1892–1970)
3 July 1961 14 July 1961 Agrarian League Substitute to V.J Sukselainen who resigned from office
Eino Uusitalo
(1924–2015)
11 September 1981 19 February 1982 Centre Party Substitute to Mauno Koivisto, who became first Acting President of Finland and later President of the Republic of Finland

See also

References

  1. Finnish Council of State. "The Cabinet in Office". Finnish Council of State. Archived from the original on November 13, 2010. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
  2. "Governments in chronological order". Finnish government (Valtioneuvosto). Retrieved 27 March 2017.

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