List of Nobel Memorial Prize laureates in Economics
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The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, officially known as The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (Swedish: Sveriges riksbanks pris i ekonomisk vetenskap till Alfred Nobels minne), is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to researchers in the field of economic sciences.[1] The first prize was awarded in 1969 to Ragnar Frisch and Jan Tinbergen.[2] Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award that has varied throughout the years.[3] In 1969, Frisch and Tinbergen were given a combined 375,000 SEK, which is equivalent to 2,871,041 SEK in December 2007. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death.[4]
As of the awarding of the 2018 prize, 50 Nobel Memorial Prizes in Economic Sciences have been given to 81 individuals.[5] Up to 2007, nine awards had been given for contributions to the field of macroeconomics, more than any other category.[6] The institution with the most affiliated laureates in economic sciences is the University of Chicago, which has 30 affiliated laureates.[7]
Laureates
Year | Laureate | Country | Rationale | Alma mater | Institution (most significant tenure/at time of receipt) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1969 | ![]() |
Ragnar Frisch | ![]() |
"for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis of economic processes"[2] | University of Oslo | University of Oslo |
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Jan Tinbergen | ![]() |
Leiden University | Erasmus University | ||
1970 | ![]() |
Paul Samuelson | ![]() |
"for the scientific work through which he has developed static and dynamic economic theory and actively contributed to raising the level of analysis in economic science"[8] | Harvard University | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
1971 | Simon Kuznets | ![]() |
"for his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social structure and process of development"[9] | Columbia University | Harvard University | |
1972 | John Hicks | ![]() |
"for their pioneering contributions to general economic equilibrium theory and welfare theory."[10] | University of Oxford | University of Oxford | |
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Kenneth Arrow | ![]() |
Columbia University | Stanford University | ||
1973 | ![]() |
Wassily Leontief | ![]() ![]() |
"for the development of the input-output method and for its application to important economic problems"[11] | University of Berlin | Harvard University |
1974 | ![]() |
Gunnar Myrdal | ![]() |
"for their pioneering work in the theory of money and economic fluctuations and for their penetrating analysis of the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena."[12] | Stockholm University | Stockholm University |
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Friedrich Hayek | ![]() ![]() |
University of Vienna | London School of Economics, University of Chicago | ||
1975 | ![]() |
Leonid Kantorovich | ![]() |
"for their contributions to the theory of optimum allocation of resources"[13] | Leningrad State University | Novosibirsk State University |
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Tjalling Koopmans | ![]() ![]() |
University of Leiden | University of Chicago, Yale University | ||
1976 | ![]() |
Milton Friedman | ![]() |
"for his achievements in the fields of consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and for his demonstration of the complexity of stabilisation policy"[14] | Columbia University | University of Chicago |
1977 | ![]() |
Bertil Ohlin | ![]() |
"for their pathbreaking contribution to the theory of international trade and international capital movements"[15] | Stockholm University | Stockholm School of Economics |
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James Meade | ![]() |
University of Cambridge | University of Cambridge | ||
1978 | ![]() |
Herbert A. Simon | ![]() |
"for his pioneering research into the decision-making process within economic organizations"[16] | University of Chicago | Carnegie Mellon University |
1979 | Theodore Schultz | ![]() |
"for their pioneering research into economic development research with particular consideration of the problems of developing countries."[17] | South Dakota State University, University of Wisconsin-Madison |
University of Chicago | |
Arthur Lewis | ![]() ![]() |
London School of Economics | Princeton University | |||
1980 | Lawrence Klein | ![]() |
"for the creation of econometric models and the application to the analysis of economic fluctuations and economic policies"[18] | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | University of Pennsylvania | |
1981 | ![]() |
James Tobin | ![]() |
"for his analysis of financial markets and their relations to expenditure decisions, employment, production and prices"[19] | Harvard University | Yale University |
1982 | George Stigler | ![]() |
"for his seminal studies of industrial structures, functioning of markets and causes and effects of public regulation"[20] | University of Chicago | University of Chicago | |
1983 | ![]() |
Gérard Debreu | ![]() |
"for having incorporated new analytical methods into economic theory and for his rigorous reformulation of the theory of general equilibrium"[21] | École Normale Supérieure University of Paris |
University of California, Berkeley |
1984 | Richard Stone | ![]() |
"for having made fundamental contributions to the development of systems of national accounts and hence greatly improved the basis for empirical economic analysis"[22] | University of Cambridge | University of Cambridge | |
1985 | ![]() |
Franco Modigliani | ![]() |
"for his pioneering analyses of saving and of financial markets"[23] | The New School for Social Research | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
1986 | ![]() |
James M. Buchanan | ![]() |
"for his development of the contractual and constitutional bases for the theory of economic and political decision-making"[24] | University of Chicago | George Mason University |
1987 | ![]() |
Robert Solow | ![]() |
"for his contributions to the theory of economic growth"[25] | Harvard University | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
1988 | ![]() |
Maurice Allais | ![]() |
"for his pioneering contributions to the theory of markets and efficient utilization of resources"[26] | École Polytechnique | École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, Paris Nanterre University |
1989 | ![]() |
Trygve Haavelmo | ![]() |
"for his clarification of the probability theory foundations of econometrics and his analyses of simultaneous economic structures"[27] | University of Oslo | University of Oslo |
1990 | Harry Markowitz | ![]() |
"for their pioneering work in the theory of financial economics"[28] | University of Chicago | City University of New York | |
Merton Miller | Johns Hopkins University | Carnegie Mellon University, University of Chicago | ||||
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William F. Sharpe | University of California, Los Angeles | Stanford University | |||
1991 | ![]() |
Ronald Coase | ![]() |
"for his discovery and clarification of the significance of transaction costs and property rights for the institutional structure and functioning of the economy"[29] | London School of Economics | University of Chicago, London School of Economics |
1992 | ![]() |
Gary Becker | ![]() |
"for having extended the domain of microeconomic analysis to a wide range of human behaviour and interaction, including non-market behaviour"[30] | University of Chicago | University of Chicago |
1993 | ![]() |
Robert Fogel | ![]() |
"for having renewed research in economic history by applying economic theory and quantitative methods in order to explain economic and institutional change"[31] | Johns Hopkins University | University of Chicago |
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Douglass North | University of California, Berkeley | Washington University in St Louis | |||
1994 | John Harsanyi | ![]() |
"for their pioneering analysis of equilibria in the theory of non-cooperative games."[32] | Stanford University | University of California, Berkeley | |
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John Forbes Nash | Princeton University | Princeton University | |||
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Reinhard Selten | ![]() |
Goethe University Frankfurt | University of Bonn | ||
1995 | Robert Lucas, Jr. | ![]() |
"for having developed and applied the hypothesis of rational expectations, and thereby having transformed macroeconomic analysis and deepened our understanding of economic policy"[33] | University of Chicago | University of Chicago | |
1996 | James Mirrlees | ![]() |
"for their fundamental contributions to the economic theory of incentives under asymmetric information"[34] | University of Cambridge | University of Oxford, University of Cambridge | |
William Vickrey | ![]() ![]() |
Columbia University | Columbia University | |||
1997 | ![]() |
Robert C. Merton | ![]() |
"for a new method to determine the value of derivatives."[35] | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
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Myron Scholes | ![]() ![]() |
University of Chicago | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | ||
1998 | ![]() |
Amartya Sen | ![]() |
"for his contributions to welfare economics"[36] | University of Cambridge | Harvard University, University of Cambridge |
1999 | ![]() |
Robert Mundell | ![]() |
"for his analysis of monetary and fiscal policy under different exchange rate regimes and his analysis of optimum currency areas"[37] | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Columbia University |
2000 | ![]() |
James Heckman | ![]() |
"for his development of theory and methods for analyzing selective samples"[38] | Princeton University | University of Chicago |
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Daniel McFadden | ![]() |
"for his development of theory and methods for analyzing discrete choice"[38] | University of Minnesota | University of California Berkeley, Massachusetts Institute of Technology | |
2001 | ![]() |
George Akerlof | ![]() |
"for their analyses of markets with asymmetric information"[39] | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Georgetown University, University of California Berkeley |
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Michael Spence | Harvard University | Harvard University | |||
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Joseph E. Stiglitz | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Princeton University, Columbia University | |||
2002 | ![]() |
Daniel Kahneman | ![]() ![]() |
"for having integrated insights from psychological research into economic science, especially concerning human judgment and decision-making under uncertainty"[40] | University of California, Berkeley | Princeton University, University of British Columbia |
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Vernon L. Smith | ![]() |
"for having established laboratory experiments as a tool in empirical economic analysis, especially in the study of alternative market mechanisms"[40] | Harvard University | University of Arizona | |
2003 | ![]() |
Robert F. Engle | ![]() |
"for methods of analyzing economic time series with time-varying volatility (ARCH)"[41] | Cornell University | University of California, San Diego |
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Clive Granger | ![]() |
"for methods of analyzing economic time series with common trends (cointegration)"[41] | University of Nottingham | University of California, San Diego | |
2004 | ![]() |
Finn E. Kydland | ![]() |
"for their contributions to dynamic macroeconomics: the time consistency of economic policy and the driving forces behind business cycles."[42] | Carnegie Mellon University | Carnegie Mellon University |
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Edward C. Prescott | ![]() |
Carnegie Mellon University | Carnegie Mellon University | ||
2005 | ![]() |
Robert J. Aumann | ![]() ![]() |
"for having enhanced our understanding of conflict and cooperation through game-theory analysis."[43] | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Hebrew University of Jerusalem |
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Thomas C. Schelling | ![]() |
Harvard University | Yale University, Harvard University | ||
2006 | ![]() |
Edmund S. Phelps | ![]() |
"for his analysis of intertemporal tradeoffs in macroeconomic policy"[44] | Yale University | Columbia University |
2007 | ![]() |
Leonid Hurwicz | ![]() ![]() |
"for having laid the foundations of mechanism design theory"[45] | London School of Economics | University of Minnesota, Iowa State University |
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Eric S. Maskin | ![]() |
Harvard University | Harvard University | ||
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Roger B. Myerson | Harvard University | Northwestern University | |||
2008 | ![]() |
Paul Krugman | ![]() |
"for his analysis of trade patterns and location of economic activity"[46] | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
2009 | ![]() |
Elinor Ostrom | ![]() |
"for her analysis of economic governance, especially the commons"[47] | University of California, Los Angeles | Indiana University |
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Oliver E. Williamson | "for his analysis of economic governance, especially the boundaries of the firm"[47] | Carnegie Mellon University | University of Pennsylvania, University of California Berkeley | ||
2010 | ![]() |
Peter A. Diamond | ![]() |
"for their analysis of markets with search frictions"[48] | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
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Dale T. Mortensen | Carnegie Mellon University | Northwestern University | |||
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Christopher A. Pissarides | ![]() |
London School of Economics | London School of Economics | ||
2011 | ![]() |
Thomas J. Sargent | ![]() |
"for their empirical research on cause and effect in the macroeconomy"[49] | Harvard University | Hoover Institution, University of Minnesota |
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Christopher A. Sims | Harvard University | University of Minnesota | |||
2012 | ![]() |
Alvin E. Roth | ![]() |
"for the theory of stable allocations and the practice of market design."[50] | Stanford University | Stanford University, Harvard University |
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Lloyd S. Shapley | Princeton University | University of California, Los Angeles | |||
2013 | ![]() |
Eugene F. Fama | ![]() |
"for their empirical analysis of asset prices."[51] | University of Chicago | University of Chicago |
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Lars Peter Hansen | University of Minnesota | University of Chicago | |||
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Robert J. Shiller | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Yale University | |||
2014 | ![]() |
Jean Tirole | ![]() |
"for his analysis of market power and regulation".[52] | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Massachusetts Institute of Technology Toulouse School of Economics École des hautes études en sciences sociales |
2015 | ![]() |
Angus Deaton | ![]() ![]() |
"for his analysis of consumption, poverty, and welfare".[53] | University of Cambridge | University of Bristol, Princeton University |
2016 | ![]() |
Oliver Hart | ![]() ![]() |
"for their contributions to contract theory".[54] | Princeton University | Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University |
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Bengt Holmström | ![]() |
Stanford University | Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Yale University | ||
2017 | ![]() |
Richard Thaler | ![]() |
"for his contributions to behavioural economics".[55] | University of Rochester | Cornell University, University of Chicago |
2018 | William Nordhaus | ![]() |
"for integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis"[56] | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Yale University | |
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Paul Romer | "for integrating technological innovations into long-run macroeconomic analysis" | University of Chicago | New York University | ||
See also
References
Citations
- ↑ "Nomination and Selection of the Laureates in Economics". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-07-15. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- 1 2 "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1969". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Nobel Prize". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ↑ "The Nobel Prize Award Ceremonies". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-10-07.
- ↑ "All Laureates in Economics". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
- ↑ "Economics Table". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
- ↑ "Nobel Laureates of UChicago". The University of Chicago. Retrieved 2018-10-10.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1970". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1971". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1972". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1973". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1974". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1975". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1976". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1977". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1978". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1979". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1980". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1981". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1982". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1983". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1984". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1985". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1986". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1987". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1988". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1989". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1990". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1991". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1992". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1993". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1994". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1995". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1996". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1997". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1998". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1999". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- 1 2 "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2000". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2001". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- 1 2 "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2002". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- 1 2 "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2003". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2004". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2005". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2006". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2007". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2008". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.
- 1 2 "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2009". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2009-10-12.
- ↑ "The Prize in Economic Sciences 2010". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2010-10-11.
- ↑ "The Prize in Economic Sciences 2011". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2011-10-10.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2012". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2016-07-01.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2013". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2017-06-02. Retrieved 2016-07-01.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2014". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2014-10-13.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2015". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2015-10-12.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2016". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2016-10-10. Retrieved 2016-10-10.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2017". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2017-10-02. Retrieved 2015-10-09.
- ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2018". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2018-10-08.
Sources
- "All Laureates in Economics". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-10-14.