List of Chinese Nobel laureates

The Nobel Prize

Since 1957, there have been eight Chinese (including Chinese-born) winners of the Nobel Prize. The Nobel Prize is a Sweden-based international monetary prize. The award was established by the 1895 will and estate of Swedish chemist and inventor Alfred Nobel. It was first awarded in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace in 1901. An associated prize, The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was instituted by Sweden's central bank in 1968 and first awarded in 1969.

Following is a list of Nobel laureates who have been citizens of the Republic of China or the People's Republic of China.[1]

Summary

Number of Nobel laureates by category
Category Chinese citizens Others born as Chinese Total Remarks
Physics 224Daniel C. Tsui became a US citizen in 1960s.
Charles K. Kao became a British/US citizen before 2000s.
Chemistry ---
Physiology or Medicine 1-1
Literature 112Gao Xingjian became a French citizen in 1997.
Peace 1-1
Total 538

Laureates

Chinese citizens

The following are the Nobel laureates who were Chinese citizens at the time they were awarded the Nobel Prize.[2]

YearLaureateCategoryLifeRationalePlace of Birth
1957 楊振寧 Chen-Ning Yang Physics 1922– "for their penetrating investigation of the so-called parity laws which has led to important discoveries regarding the elementary particles" – shared with Tsung-Dao Lee.[3] Hofei, Anhwei, China[nb 1]
李政道 Tsung-Dao Lee Physics 1926– "for their penetrating investigation of the so-called parity laws which has led to important discoveries regarding the elementary particles" – shared with Chen-Ning Yang.[3] Shanghai, China
2010 刘晓波 Liu Xiaobo Peace 1955–2017 "for his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China".[4] Changchun, Jilin, China
2012 莫言 Mo Yan Literature 1955– "who with hallucinatory realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary".[5] Gaomi, Shandong, China
2015 屠呦呦 Tu Youyou Physiology or Medicine 1930– "for her discoveries concerning a novel therapy against Malaria".[6] Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
Laureates of Chinese birth and origin who were erstwhile Chinese citizens

The following are Nobel laureates of Chinese birth and origin but subsequently acquired foreign citizenship; however, they are still often included in lists of Chinese Nobel laureates.

YearLaureateCategoryLifeRationalePlace of BirthAffiliation or residencce at the time of the award[nb 2]
1998 崔琦 Daniel C. Tsui Physics 1939– "for their discovery of a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations" – shared with Robert B. Laughlin and Horst L. Störmer.[7] Pingdingshan, Henan, China Princeton University,  United States
2000 高行健 Gao Xingjian Literature 1940– "for an œuvre of universal validity, bitter insights and linguistic ingenuity, which has opened new paths for the Chinese novel and drama".[8] Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China  France
2009 高錕 Charles K. Kao Physics 1933–2018 "for groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication" – shared with Willard S. Boyle and George E. Smith.[9] Shanghai, China Standard Telecommunication Laboratories,  United Kingdom;
Chinese University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong

Uncertain laureates

Tibetan

The following are the Nobel laureates who were uncertain citizenship at the time they were awarded the Nobel Prize.

YearLaureateCategoryLifeRationalePlace of Birth
1989 བསྟན་འཛིན་རྒྱ་མཚོ་ 14th Dalai Lama (Tenzin Gyatso)Peace1935–Taktser, Qinghai, China[nb 3]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Hofei, Anhwei, is now spelled Hefei, Anhui, using Hanyu Pinyin transliteration
  2. ↑ The Nobel website lists the country of Residence at the time of the award for both the Literature and Peace (if goes to a person) prizes; see "Facts" information of the individuals at and . While the prizes for Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, and Economic Sciences are listed by Affiliation at the time of the award; see "Facts" information of the individuals at , , , and . The official Nobel website only lists the country of the person's affiliated insititions for Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, and Economic Sciences prizes, and not the citizenship of the person himself.
  3. ↑ The Nobel Peace Prize 1989 indicates Dalai Lama was born in Tibet in 1935. Taktser is a village located in Qinghai (spelled Tsinghai at the time), which was under the Nationalist Government of the Republic of China. Although Tibet itself was not directly controlled by the Republic of China government, Tsinghai (Qinghai) province was under the authority of the government of the Republic of China.[10]

References

  1. ↑ Chronological list of All Nobel Laureates on the official website of the Nobel Prize committee.
  2. ↑ Country: China. Physics 1957 (by Internet Archive)
  3. 1 2 "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1957". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
  4. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Peace 2010". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
  5. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Literature 2012". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
  6. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2015". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
  7. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1998". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
  8. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Literature 2000". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
  9. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2009". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
  10. ↑ The Tsinghai Province was established as early as 1928, and Taktser since then has been a city within its region; see also the 1930 national map of the Republic of China (ROC), and the 1936 political regional map of the ROC in Wikimedia Commons.

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